Lythrum hyssopifolia (lesser loosestrife) poisoning of sheep in Victoria     

MJ Lancaster  JS Nimmo  C Lenghaus  IJ Gill  RD Crawford  RT Badman  JL Samuel  CJ Werner  C Button  N Kvalheim 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(12):476-479

Objective To document an ovine disease attributed to the consumption of Lythrum hyssopifolia (lesser loosestrife). Procedures Historical and histological review of field and experimental cases. Results 1–20% mortality occurred in sheep flocks grazing paddocks where L. hyssopifolia was the predominant green vegetation. Well‐documented disease outbreaks occurred in summer on nine farms across Victoria between 1974 and 2002. Liver damage occurred in all nine outbreaks, with kidney damage in at least eight. Hepatocyte necrosis was usually zonal to midzonal (zone 2) in the liver samples from four farms and periacinar (zone 3) in those from three farms, but some livers showed only single‐cell necrosis. Multinucleate hepatocytes near necrotic areas were a feature in six cases. Proximal tubular epithelium appeared to be the primary renal target and brown granules were often present in renal tubules. Biochemical and histological evidence of liver and kidney damage was obtained from two sheep experimentally pen‐fed harvested L. hyssopifolia. Conclusion Chemicals in L. hyssopifolia are toxic to ovine hepatocytes and renal tubular epithelial cells.  相似文献   

David Ogilvie White     

MJ Studdert  R. Robins‐Browne 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(5):304-304

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BOOK REVIEW     

MJ EDWARDS 《Australian veterinary journal》2005,83(9):557-557

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Assessment of Selected Quality Parameters of Epididymal Cat (Felis catus s. domestica,L. 1758) Sperm Using Flow Cytometry Method and Computer Assisted Sperm Analyser     

MJ Siemieniuch  I Woclawek‐Potocka 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(5):633-637

The improvement of biotechnical methods connected with fast and precise semen quality assessment and its utilization in assisted reproductive techniques is an urgent necessity in felids. The aim of this study was to evaluate some quality parameters (i.e. the viability and share of cells with intact plasma membrane) of epididymal sperm of cats using the flow cytometry method and computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA) examination. The material consisted of epididymal spermatozoa flushed from 22 pairs of epididymes after routine neutering procedures obtained from domestic cats aged between 8 and 36 months. The epididymes were cut and incubated with an extender without egg yolk. The samples were assessed for sperm viability (Live/Dead Sperm Viability Kit^®), percentage of subtle membrane changes (Apoptosis Detection Kit^®) and motility using FACScalibur flow cytometer and assisted sperm analyser htm ivos version 12.2. The flow cytometry method revealed 71.3% and 84.4% of live sperm using Live/Dead Sperm Viability Kit and Apoptosis Detection Kit respectively. The population of early‐apoptotic and late‐apoptotic sperm were 0.8% and 1.1% respectively. The CASA examination found 51.5% of motile sperm. However, the motility examination under light microscope revealed 69.5% of motile sperm. The data revealed an indistinctive per cent of apoptotic cells and 18.9% and 15.6% of dead cells using Live/Dead Sperm Viability Kit and Apoptosis Detection Kit, respectively, which indicate that the sperm obtained after flushing the epididymis possess potential properties for further assisted reproduction techniques.  相似文献   

Toxicity of a closantel-albendazole mixture in a flock of sheep and goats     

MJ OBWOLO  GO ODIAWO  JS OGAA 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(7):229-230

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Naturally occurring Eperythrozoon ovis infection in sheep reduces wool production     

MJ KABAY  FM SUNDERMAN  RB RICHARDS  TM ELLIS 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(9):232-232

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Experimental tunicamycin toxicity in cattle, sheep and pigs     

CA BOURKE  MJ CARRIGAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(5):188-189

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Survival of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in amitraz cattle dip fluid     

GJ EAMENS  SA SPENCE  MJ TURNER 《Australian veterinary journal》2001,79(10):703-706

OBJECTIVE: To determine the survival time of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in amitraz-based cattle dip fluid derived from an active dip site in northern New South Wales. PROCEDURE: Following inoculation of triplicate 5 L containers with faeces (0.5 g/L) from a clinical case of bovine paratuberculosis, samples collected up to 8 weeks after inoculation were examined by conventional and radiometric culture. M a paratuberculosis colonies were enumerated on solid media. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: M a paratuberculosis survived in amitraz cattle dip fluid for up to 2 weeks, but not 3 weeks. Where 1% of solids in dip fluid is derived from a clinical case of paratuberculosis, dip fluid may contain viable M a paratuberculosis for at least 2 weeks. These findings have implications for the management of cattle dip sites.  相似文献   

Are pre‐spraying growing conditions a major determinant of herbicide efficacy?     

I RIETHMULLER-HAAGE  L BASTIAANS  C KEMPENAAR†  V SMUTNY‡  & MJ KROPFF 《Weed Research》2007,47(5):415-424

To evaluate the effect of pre‐spraying growing conditions on herbicide efficacy, two years of experimentation were conducted in which Persicaria maculosa plants were exposed to different light intensities for 1–4 days before metribuzin treatment. Specific leaf area, rather than plant growth rate or plant size, was the only parameter that correlated well with herbicide efficacy in both years of experimentation. The negative relationship between the ED₅₀ and the specific leaf area indicates that leaf characteristics might be an important determinant of herbicide efficacy, for instance through an effect on herbicide uptake. In the third year of experimentation this hypothesis was further investigated by raising six cohorts of weed plants at a 1‐week interval and thus exposing them to a range of weather conditions. Clear relationships between uptake and herbicide efficacy were found for a combination of four plant species (Solanum nigrum, Senecio vulgaris, Chenopodium album and Brassica napus) and two herbicides (phenmedipham and bentazone). For phenmedipham, uptake was negatively correlated with global radiation and positively correlated with relative humidity. For the herbicide bentazone the opposite was found. These results were not species‐specific. This study shows the importance of the sensitivity of herbicide × species combinations and indicates that pre‐spraying weather information is relevant for the development of reduced dose rate recommendations.  相似文献   

Association of Fertility with Numbers of Antral Follicles within a Follicular Wave During the Oestrous Cycle in Beef Cattle     

MJ Starbuck-Clemmer  H Hernandez-Fonseca  N Ahmad  G Seidel  EK Inskeep 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(4):337-342

The association between conception rate at first service and numbers of follicles developed during a follicular wave was examined in 102 suckled beef cows and 14 heifers. Follicular development was monitored using ultrasonography for either two (trial 1) or three (trial 2) consecutive oestrous cycles (pre-breeding, breeding and post-breeding equivalent). Animals were examined on alternate days from day 6 after first oestrus (day 0) until ovulation and from day 6 after insemination until next ovulation or day 24 of pregnancy and were observed for oestrus twice daily and inseminated artificially at either the second (trial 1) or third oestrus (trial 2). Cows were classified as having two or three waves of follicular development for each oestrous cycle. Numbers of follicles >or=4 mm per wave were determined, and based on the maximum diameter they attained, were classified as small (4-6 mm), medium (7-10 mm) or large (>or=11 mm) follicles. Total numbers of follicles, and primarily numbers of small and medium follicles, were affected by trial and within trial by cow, oestrous cycle and follicular wave. Heifers had more small and total numbers of follicles, but fewer large follicles than cows in trial 1 (p < 0.05). The average number of antral follicles per wave in the breeding cycle or post-breeding period did not affect conception rates, which averaged 84%. Repeatability of the total numbers of antral follicles between and among oestrous cycles and follicular waves ranged from 0.01 to 0.97. In conclusion, fertility was not affected by the numbers of antral follicles >or=4 mm in diameter in a single follicular wave.  相似文献