Determination of Pelvic Limb Alignment in the Large‐Breed Dog: A Cadaveric Radiographic Study in the Frontal Plane     

DAVID I. DISMUKES DVM  DEREK B. FOX DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  JAMES L. TOMLINSON DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS  JAMES L. COOK DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  STEPHANIE C. ESSMAN DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(7):674-682

Objectives— To report a method for radiographic determination of the mechanical axis of the canine pelvic limb and its relationship to the joints and bone axes. To report reference ranges for the relationships between the axes of the pelvic limb and for joint position relative to the pelvic limb axis. Study Design— Cadaveric radiographic anatomic study. Animals— Pelvic limbs (n=101) from normal midsized to large breed dogs; tibiae (n=105) from dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease (previous study). Methods— Extended full‐limb radiography was performed and images analyzed to determine: mechanical joint reference angles (femur, tibia), pelvic limb axis, tibiofemoral and metatarsotibial angle, mechanical axis—femur/metatarsus angle, and mechanical axis deviation (MAD) of the stifle/tarsus. Results— Mean mechanical angles were: lateral proximal femoral (103.7°±5.4°), lateral distal femoral (98.6°±2.5°), medial proximal tibial (92.2°±1.8°), medial distal tibial (95.9°±2.2°), tibiofemoral (9.1° varus ±2.8°), metatarsotibial (0.6° valgus ±2.1°). Mean mechanical axis—femur and—metatarsus angles were 5.6° (±1.7°) and 2.9° (±1.5°), respectively. Mean MAD of the stifle and tarsus were 3.6% (±1.1%) and 1.2% (±0.6%), respectively. Tibial angles were not different between dogs with and without cranial cruciate ligament disease. Conclusions— Mechanical axes of the canine pelvic limb and their relationship to the joints can be determined by full‐limb radiography. Clinical Relevance— Techniques and reference ranges may be useful for diagnosis, surgical planning, and postoperative assessment of pelvic limb deformities.  相似文献   

Chemonucleolysis with Collagenase A Radiographic and Pathologic Study in Dogs   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

TAKAYOSHI MIYABAYASHI BVS  MS    PETER F. LORD BVSC  FRCVS  Dipiomate ACVR    RICHARD R. DUBIELZIG DVM  Diplomate ACVP    DAVID S. BILLER DVM  Dipiomate ACVR  PAUL A. MANLEY DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1992,21(3):189-194

Collagenase, a proteolytic enzyme, was injected intradiscally in nine clinically normal, middle-aged beagles. Calcium chloride diluent solution (control), 100 ABC units of collagenase, and 250 ABC units of collagenase, were injected in randomly selected intervertebral discs (T13-L1 to L5-L6). On day 11, the discs injected with collagenase were narrowed radiographically, but there was no significant change in myelograms. Grossly and histologically, there was dissolution of the intervertebral discs, mainly nucleus pulposus, and protrusion of nucleus material in the vertebral body through bony end-plates in discs injected with collagenase. Collagenase chemonucleolysis may be an alternative to spinal surgery for intervertebral disc protrusion in dogs.  相似文献