EFFECTS OF FASTING AND INTRALUMINAL CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT ON ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE EQUINE SMALL INTESTINE     

TRACY NORMAN  KEITH CHAFFIN  DAVID SCHMITZ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2010,51(6):642-646

The equine small intestine is challenging to evaluate ultrasonographically. In humans, hydrosonography has been used to improve ultrasonographic images of the small intestine. We hypothesized that fasting horses for 24 h would enhance the ability to image the small intestine transabdominally by separating intestinal loops and reducing intraluminal gas, and that the administration of intragastric contrast agent would further improve that ability. Ten healthy horses were examined ultrasonographically under three treatment conditions: (a) regular diet, (b) after a 24‐h fast, and (c) fasted plus intragastric administration of water and mineral oil. During each phase of the study, 30‐s video clips were obtained from four predetermined abdominal windows, and were examined to determine diagnostic quality. Fasting improved the ability to obtain high‐quality images of the small intestine significantly. The addition of contrast agent resulted in qualitative improvement in image quality, but differences did not result in statistically significant improvement.  相似文献   

Implantation of an Uncemented Total Hip Prosthesis Technique and Initial Results of 100 Arthroplasties     

DAVID J. DeYOUNG  DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Diplomate ACVA  BONNIE A. DeYOUNG    HAROLD A. ABERMAN DVM  MSE    ROBERT V. KENNA  DAVID S. HUNGERFORD MD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1992,21(3):168-177

A porous-coated modular total hip system was developed for uncemented implantation in dogs. The operative technique was developed in cadaver bones and live animals. One hundred uncemented total hip arthroplasties were performed in 92 dogs. Results were successful in 98% of the joints during follow-ups of 3 months or more. Complications included three luxations of the prosthetic joint, two fissure fractures of the femoral cortex, and one complete displacement of the acetabular component from its bony bed. Four complications were resolved successfully.  相似文献   

Diary of events     

CLIFF ALDERMAN  DAVID WADSWORTH 《The Journal of small animal practice》1993,34(10):533-533

Intrepid veterinary surgeon, Judy Walker, abseils down the wall of Barclay's Bank in the City of London, with a member of the Parachute Regiment which was responsible for training everyone who took part in the event  相似文献   

Canine Axial Skeletal Osteosarcoma A Retrospective Study of 116 Cases (1986 to 1989)     

STEVEN J. HEYMAN VMD    DAVID L. DIEFENDERFER VMD    MICHAEL H. GOLDSCHMIDT MSc  BVMS  MRCVS  Dipiomate ACVP  CHARLES D. NEWTON DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1992,21(4):304-310

Axial skeletal osteosarcomas were evaluated retrospectively in 116 dogs. Thirty-one tumors occurred in the mandible, 26 in the maxilla, 17 in the spine, 14 in the cranium, 12 in the ribs, 10 in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, and 6 in the pelvis. Medium-sized and large dogs were most commonly affected. Females outnumbered males 2.1:1, but this varied with tumor location. The mean age was 8.7 years. Osteosarcomas of the rib occurred in significantly younger dogs (mean age, 5.4 years) than osteosarcomas at any other axial skeletal site. Pulmonary metastasis was diagnosed radiographically in 11.1% of the dogs. The median survival for dogs treated surgically was 22 weeks, the 1-year survival was 26.3%, and the 2-year survival was 18.4%. The tumor recurrence rate was 66.7%. Most dogs (79.6%) died or were euthanatized for problems associated with the primary tumor.  相似文献   

Magnetic Motor Evoked Potentials for Assessing Spinal Cord Integrity in Dogs with Intervertebral Disc Disease     

ANNE M. SYLVESTRE dvm  dvsc  JOANNE R. COCKSHUTT dvm  dipiomate acvs  JOANE M. PARENT dvm  mvsc  dipiomate acvim  JOHN D. BROOKE phd  DAVID L. HOLMBERG dvm  mvsc  dipiomate acvs  GARY D. PARTLOW phd 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(1):5-10

Magnetically elicited transcranial motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were studied in 37 dogs with type 1 intervertebral disc (IVD) disease. The waveforms were recorded from both cranial tibial muscles before and after surgery. The latencies and amplitudes obtained were compared to those of a control population (n = 14). MEPs were recordable in all dogs with mild or no neurologic deficits, but they were recordable in only 50% of ambulatory dogs that were severely ataxic. MEPs could not be elicited from nonambulatory dogs. There was a significant attenuation of the amplitudes in all clinical cases, even if the dogs demonstrated back pain alone. Significantly prolonged latencies were associated with neurologic deficits. MEPs were not good predictors of neurologic recovery. The responses obtained from the side where the disc material was found were not different from those recorded from the opposite side. MEPs were very sensitive to lesions of the spinal cord, as indicated by the significant changes in the waves in patients with mild or no neurologic deficits and in the loss of response in dogs that still demonstrated purposeful movement. Neurologic exams provided more accurate diagnoses and prognoses than did MEPs in dogs with IVD disease.  相似文献   

The Macroscopic and Microscopic Effects of Intradermal Injection of Crude and Purified Staphylococcal Extracts on Canine Skin     

IAN S. MASON  DAVID H. LLOYD 《Veterinary dermatology》1995,6(4):197-204

Abstract— Intradermal injection of staphylococcal protein A, and crude extracts of Staphylococcus intermedius and Staphylococcus aureus in normal dogs elicited dose-dependent increases in skin fold thickness. The most concentrated doses of S. inlermedius elicited a significantly greater response than the equivalent dose of S. aureus between 30 min and 4 h after injection (p < 0.05). This may be due to prior sensitisation or may indicate that S. intermedius is more virulent. At all other times and doses there was no significant difference between the two crude staphylococcal extracts. Histological examination indicated that while there were differences between the responses to the three extracts, all three elicited similar epidermal lesions (sub-corneal pustules, spongiosis and hyperplasia) and superficial perivascular dermatitis. A similar pattern of changes has been recorded in canine superficial pyoderma supporting the hypothesis that penetration of staphylococcal products into the dermis is involved in the pathogenesis of the lesions of pyoderma. Résumé— Des injections de Protéine A et d'extraits totaux de Staphylococcus intermedius et Staphylococcus aureus sur des chiens normaux entrainent des augmentations dose dépendantes du pli de peau et de l'érythème. La does plus concentrée de Staphycolococcus intermedius entrainent une réponse plus importante statistiquement significative que la réponse obtenue avec une concentration équivalente de Staphylococcus aureus entre 30 minutes et 4 heures après l'injection (p < 0,05). Ceci peut être due à une sensibilisation antérieure ou peut indiquer que Staphylococcus intermedius est plus virulent. Par contre, il n'existe pas de differences significatives entre les deux types d'extraits staphylocoques totaux à d'autres temps et concentrations. Les lesions histopathologiques montrent que tandis qu'il existe des differences entre les réponses aux trois extraits, tous les trois montrent des lesions épidermiques similaires (pustules sous cornées, spongiose et hyperplasie) et de dermatite périvasculaire superficielle. Des lesions semblables sont observées dans les pyodermites superficielles canines. Ceci conforte l'hypothèse que la penetration des produits staphylococciques dans le derme joue en role dans la pathogénie des lesions de pyodermite. [Mason, I. S., LLOyD, D. H. The macroscopic and microscopic effects of intradermal injection of crude and purified staphylococcal extracts on canine skin (Effects macroscopiques et microscopiques de l'injection intradermique d'extraits totaux et purifies staphylococciques sur la peau du chien.  相似文献   

Thermal Burns in Four Dogs during Anesthesia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

COLIN I. DUNLOP BVSc  DiplomateACVA    DAVID A. DAUNT DVM  STEVE C. HASKINS DVM  MS  DiplomateACVA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1989,18(3):242-246

Thermal burns occurred in four anesthetized dogs as a result of using latex surgical gloves filled with warm water to treat hypothermia. The burns were on relatively hairless skin that had been in contact with the gloves. Small containers full of warm water are a relatively inefficient source of heat, but if the temperature of the water exceeds 45 degrees C and the container contacts the animal's skin, thermal injury can result.  相似文献   

Sensitivity to antibiotics amongst cutaneous and mucosal isolates of canine pathogenic staphylococci in the UK, 1980–96     

DAVID H. LLOYD  ANNE I. LAMPORT  CIARA FEENEY 《Veterinary dermatology》1996,7(3):171-175

Abstract Disc sensitivity tests were carried out on 2296 isolates of non-pigmented, coagulase-positive staphylococcal isolates from dogs in referral practice over the period 1980–96. Ninety-eight isolates were from the ears, 1089 from other skin regions and 37 from mucosae. Resistance to penicillin increased from 69.0 to 89.3%. Oxytetracycline resistance remained at about 40%; resistance to erythromycin and lincomycin, and to co-trimoxazole peaked at about 20 and 15%, respectively, in 1987–89 but has since fallen. Only a single isolate resistant to cephalexin was found between 1986 and 1996. No resistance to co-amoxyclav, oxacillin, methicillin and enrofloxacin was demonstrated. Resistance of mucosal isolates was higher than those from skin. Multiple isolates from 90 dogs showed different resistance spectra in 56% of cases indicating that single swab samples are of limited value in determining optimal therapeutic antibiotics. Resumé 2296 souches de staphylocoques coagulase positifs, isolées á partir de chiens présentés en consultation référée entre 1980 et 1996, subirent des tests de sensibilité sur disques. 98 souches étaient d'origine auriculaire, 1098 d'autres origines cutanées, et 37 d'origine muqueuse. La résistance á la pénicilline augmenta de 69, 0 á 89, 3 pour cent. La résistance a l'oxytetracyline resta stable á environ 40 pour cent; les résistances á l'erythromycine et á la lincomycine, et au co-trimoxazole atteignirent 20 pour cent et 15 pour cent respectivement de 1987 á 1989 mais baissèrent ensuite. Une seule souche resistante á la cephalexine fut isolée entre 1986 et 1996. Aucune résistance á l'amoxycilline-acide clavulanique, Foxacilline, la methicilline, et l'enrofloxacine se fürent découvertes. Les résistances des souches d'origine muqueuse étaient plus nombreuses que celles des souches d'origine cutaneé. Des souches isolées par prelevement multiples chez 90 chiens montraient des spectres de résistance différents dans 56 pour cent des cas ce qui montre que des écouvillonages uniques ont un interèt limité pour le choix de la meilleure antibiotherapie. [Lloyd, D.H., Lamport, A.I., Feeney, C. Sensitivity to antibiotics amongst cutaneous and mucosal isolates of canine pathogenic staphyloccoci in the United Kingdom, 1980–96 (Antibiosensibilité de souches de staphylocoques pathogènes canins d'origines cutanee et muqueuse au Royaume Uni de 1980 a 1996). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 171–175.] Resumen A continuación el autor describe como discos de antibiograma fueron utilizados en 2.296 aislamientos caninos de no pigmentados estafilococos coagulasa positiva durante el periodo de 1980 a 1996; 98 aislamientos a partir del oido, 1098 de otras partes de la piel y 37 de mucosas. Se observó que las resistencias a la penicilina aumentaron de 69, 0 a 89,3 por ciento; a la oxitetraciclina permanecieron constantes, alrededor del 40 por ciento. Con respecto a la eritromicina y lincomicina asi como al cotrimoxazol, el nivel de resistencias alcanzó un pico máximo de alrededor 20 y 15 por ciento respectivamente en 1987–1989 para disminuir desde entonces. Solo un solo aislamiento desarolló resistencias a la cefalexina desde 1986 a 1996. No se han encontrado resistencias frente a la asociación amoxicilina-clavulanico, oxicilina, meticilina y enrofloxacina. Se demostró una resistencia superior en los aislamientos a partir de mucosa que aquellos a partir de piel. Diversos aislamientos realizados en 90 perros mostraron espectros de resistencias differentes en 56 por ciento de los casos, lo cual indica que únicamente muestras recogidas a partir de escobillon son de valor limitado a la hora de determinar una terapia antibiótica optima. [Lloyd, D.H., Lamport, A.I., Feeney, C. Sensitivity to antibiotics amongst cutaneous and mucosal isolates of canine pathogenic staphyloccoci in the United Kingdom, 1980–96 (Sensibilidad a los antibioticós entre aislamientos cutanéos y mucosos de estafilococos patogénico en el Reino Unido, 1980–96). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 171–175.] Zusammenfassung— Es wurden Resistenztests mit Antibiotika-Plättchen bei 2.296 nicht-pigmentierten, koagulase-positiven Staphylokokken-Stämmen durchgeführt, die von Hunden in einer Überweisungspraxis im Zeitraum von 1980 bis 1996 gewonnen worden waren. 98 Isolate kamen von den Ohren, 1089 von anderen Hautgebieten und 37 von den Schleimhäuten. Resistenzen gegenüber Penizillinen stiegen von 69,0 auf 89, 3%. Resistenzen gegenüber Oxytetracyclin blieben bei etwa 40%; Resistenzen auf Erythromycin bzw. Lincomycin und Co-Trimazole waren in den Jahren 1987 bis 1989 am höchsten mit 20 und 15%, sind seither jedoch weniger geworden. Nur ein einziges Isolat mit Resistenz gegenüber Cephalexin wurde zwischen 1986 und 1996 gefunden. Es zeigte sich keine Resistenz auf Co-Amoxyclaf, Oxacillin, Methicillin und Enrofloxacin. Die Resistenzen von Schleimhaut-Isolaten waren höher als die von der Haut. Mehrfachisolate von 90 Hunden zeigten Spektren mit unterschiedlichen Resistenzen in 56% der Fälle. Dies ist ein Hinweis, daß Einzelabstriche von begrenztem Wert sind, um optimal wirksame Antibiotika zu ermitteln. [Lloyd, D.H., Lamport, A.I., Feeney, C. Sensitivity to antibiotics amongst cutaneous and mucosal isolates of canine pathogenic staphyloccoci in the United Kingdom, 1980–96 (Sensitivität auf Antibiotika bei kutanen und Schleimhaut-Isolaten von pathogenen Staphylokokken des Hundes im Vereinigten Königreich, 1980 bis 1996). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 171–175.]  相似文献   

Canine epitheliotropic lymphoma limited to face and food pads     

DAVID D. DUCLOS  ANN M. HARGIS 《Veterinary dermatology》1996,7(4):243-246

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Traumatic Flexor Tendon Injuries in 27 Cattle     

DAVID E. ANDERSON DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS    GUY ST-JEAN DMV  MS  Diplomate ACVS    DAWN E. MORIN DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVIM    NORM G. DUCHARME DMV  MSC  Diplomate ACVS    DALE R. NELSON DVM  MS  ANDRE DESROCHERS DMV  MS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1996,25(4):320-326

Information for all cattle with a diagnosis of tendon injury entered into the Veterinary Medical Data Base (VMDB) was retrieved and selected medical records reviewed. The proportional morbidity rate for tendon disruption was 0.89 cattle/1,000 cattle admissions and 95 of 99 cattle survived. Female and dairy cattle had a greater risk of tendon disruption than male or beef cattle, respectively. Also, cattle 6 months to 7 years old had a greater risk than cattle younger than 6 months old. Complete medical records were examined for 27 cattle. Affected cattle were 2.5 ± 1.8 years old and weighed 593.6 ± 315.6 kg. Injuries were most commonly caused by accidents involving farm machinery (72%). Unilateral superficial digital flexor tendon injury occurred in 8 cattle (30%); multiple tendon injury occurred in the other 19 cattle (70%). A single limb was involved in 25 cattle, a rear limb was involved in 24 cattle, and an open wound was associated with the injury in 26 cattle. Wounds were identified most commonly at the mid (13 cattle) and proximal metatarsus (4 cattle). Treatment of tendon disruption included tenorrhaphy and casting (9 cattle), external coaptation, alone, (14 cattle), stall confinement, alone, (1 cow), and euthanasia or salvage (3 cattle). External coaptation was maintained for 74.4 ± 34.3 days, and total confinement period was 88.3 ± 59.5 days. Short-term complications included severe tendon laxity (one cow) and fatal septic peritonitis (one bull). Twenty-two of 24 cattle treated for tendon disruption survived. Follow-up information was available for 16 cattle; 14 cattle (87%) returned to productivity and 11 of 15 cattle with long-term follow-up (73%) were considered productive. Long-term complications included persistent lameness (56%) and persistent hyperextension of the digits (19%).  相似文献