Comparison of the Johne''s absorbed EIA and the complement-fixation test for the diagnosis of Johne''s disease in cattle   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

SE RIDGE  IR MORGAN  DC SOCKETT†  MT COLLINS†  RJ CONDRON  NW SKILBECK†  JJ WEBBER§ 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(8):253-257

A commercially available absorbed ELISA for the diagnosis of Johne's disease (JD) (paratuberculosis) in cattle, the Johne's Absorbed EIA, was compared with the conventional complement-fixation test (CFT) used in Australia. Stored plasma from 3 Victorian dairy herds with a history of JD, sera from specimens submitted from animals showing clinical signs of JD and sera from the US National Repository for Paratuberculosis Specimens were used to determine the sensitivity of each test. The EIA detected 48.8% of 43 Australian animals with subclinical JD, while the CFT detected only 12 (21.4%) of 56 subclinically affected cattle. Of 150 subclinically infected US cattle, the EIA detected 47.3% and the CFT detected 52.0%. The EIA detected 59.7% of animals which at the time of sampling were shedding Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in their faeces, but showed no clinical signs of JD, while the CFT detected 57.3%. The EIA correctly identified 88.2% of 136 histologically confirmed clinical cases, and the CFT detected 83.4%. The specificity of each test was determined by testing sera collected at slaughter from animals residing in a known JD-free area of Australia, and from samples from the US National Repository of Paratuberculosis Specimens collected from certified-free herds in Wisconsin. The EIA was found to have a specificity of 99.8% when 998 Australian animals were used as the test population, and 99.0% when 196 US animals were used. The specificity of the CFT using Australian samples was 96.9% and 95.2% using American samples.  相似文献   

Characteristics of somatotropin and prolactin profiles in young dairy sires before and after a 72-hour fast during different seasons.     

G W Kazmer  R W Canfield  B Bean 《Journal of animal science》1992,70(2):503-507

Serial blood samples were collected from young (mean = 275 d of age) AI sires at 20-min intervals for an 8-h period before and after a 72-h fast. Samples were collected from four different groups of young sires in January (n = 23), April (n = 31), July (n = 27), and October (n = 24). Samples were collected for only 6 h for the July group. Plasma somatotropin (ST) and prolactin (PRL) data were analyzed by PULSAR, a computerized peak detection program. The PULSAR parameters, except for number of peaks detected, were not different (P greater than .05) when calculated using data from the entire 8-h period or just the first 6 h. Because some endocrine characteristics as defined by PULSAR were influenced by season, deviated values were calculated for those characteristics within seasonal groups by subtracting the mean of that group from each individual observation for all PULSAR parameters. Number of ST peaks was correlated (P less than .01, r = .26) with USDA pedigree index (PI) for fat yield (PIF), sire predicted transmitting ability for fat (PTAF; P less than .01, r = .30), Northeast AI Sire Comparison (NEAISC) PIF (P less than .05, r = 24), and sire PTAF (P less than .01, r = .33). No ST pulsatile characteristics after fasting were correlated (P greater than .05) with PI. Prolactin peak length was negatively related to USDA PIF (P less than .05, r = -.23) before fasting and positively correlated (P less than .05, r = .26) after fasting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Attitudes of veterinarians to undergraduate education in genetics and the use of genetics in veterinary occupations     

CM WADE  DC FENWICK 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,73(1):1-5

A questionnaire regarding attitudes to undergraduate education in genetics and the subsequent use of that education was sent to 1000 veterinarians registered in New South Wales. Three hundred replies to the questionnaire were received and analysed. No significant difference in the perceived adequacy of courses at the four universities involved in teaching veterinary science was observed. Opinions on adequacy of education in genetics were not affected by age, sex or years since graduation. The major reason cited for lack of adequacy was that undergraduate genetics courses were not practical. Only 17 respondents stated that they were never approached for information on genetics or animal breeding, while 76 were approached more than 20 times annually for information. Eighty-three respondents claimed to deal with more than 20 cases annually that required some knowledge of genetics. The results of the questionnaire highlight the importance of genetics instruction in undergraduate veterinary education. The questionnaire responses also provide insight into how working veterinarians consider that courses in genetics could be improved.  相似文献   

The Establishment of Early Pregnancy in Cows     

DC Wathes  RS Robinson  GE Mann  GE Lamming 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1998,33(3-4):279-284

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Acquired urethral obstruction in New World camelids: 34 cases (1995–2008)     

KF Duesterdieck‐Zellmer  DC Van Metre  A Cardenas  CK Cebra 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(8):313-319

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Genomic Imprinting in Canis familiaris     

CM Nolan  FM O'Sullivan  DC Brabazon  JJ Callanan 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):16-21

For the vast majority of mammalian genes, maternally- and paternally-derived alleles behave identically and are either expressed or repressed, regardless of whether they were inherited from egg or sperm. For imprinted genes, however, this is not the case. The alleles of imprinted genes are epigenetically modified in a parent-of-origin-specific manner and, as a consequence, maternally- and paternally-derived alleles behave differently. Typically one allele is expressed while the other is silent. Although relatively few in number, imprinted genes are the focus of intensive study, as they have important roles in embryonic development. Abnormal expression of imprinted genes results in growth disorders and is implicated in several clinical conditions. Most studies of imprinted genes have been performed in rodents or primates, with limited studies in other mammals such as bovine and opossum. We have recently demonstrated the existence of imprinted genes in the canine, by showing that the canine insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor gene ( IGF2R ) is monoallelically expressed, with predominant expression of the maternally-derived allele and repression of the paternally-inherited allele. Our ultimate goal is to characterize all imprinted genes in the canine, and to understand how they contribute to canine reproduction, development and disease. Such knowledge will be vital for optimizing the success of most reproductive strategies in the canine.  相似文献   

Post-Partum Involution of the Canine Uterus – Gross Anatomical and Histological Features     

DC Orfanou  HN Ververidis  A Pourlis  IA Fragkou  AN Kokoli  CM Boscos  IA Taitzoglou  A Tzora  CM Nerou  L Athanasiou  GC Fthenakis 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):152-155

We aimed to study the normal puerperium in the bitch. Ovariohysterectomy was performed in nine bitches, each at a different day after normal whelping; their genital tract was subject to gross anatomical examination, as well as to histological examination and electron microscopy scanning. Corpora albicans were evenly distributed in the left and right ovaries and placental sites were evenly distributed among left and right uterine horns. Placental sites were initially of dark green to grey colour, later becoming dark brown; their length and height progressively decreased. Height of the myometrium and diameter of the uterine glands progressively decreased. Trophoblast-like cells were consistently observed at the placental sites and on the surface of the interplacental areas, at all time points where hysterectomy had been performed. It is suggested that involution of the canine genital tract can last up to 3 months and is slow. Continuous (up to D84 post-partum) presence of prominent placental sites should be considered a normal feature of canine uterine post-partum involution.  相似文献   

Inflorescence production in an amphiploid between Lolium multiflorum (2n=28) and Festuca arundinacea (2n=84)     

E. W. Bean 《Euphytica》1968,17(3):479-484

Summary The flowering characteristics of an amphiploid Lolium multiflorum (2n=28)× Festuca arundinacea (2n=84) have been compared with those of the parental species under field and glasshouse conditions. In field drills the number of inflorescences produced by an unselected amphiploid population was markedly less than that produced by S.170 tall fescue and S.22 Italian ryegrass. Experiments to determine the requirements for floral induction in the amphiploid showed that they were intermediate between those of the two parents. There was no indication that the hybrid was not becoming induced under field conditions and it is concluded that the competitive condition in field drills was preventing floral initiation and development. A comparison of seed from third and fourth generation stock suggested that additional multiplication through a number of generations, and subsequently growing the derived basic seed at high nitrogen levels would improve inflorescence production in the amphiploid.  相似文献   

Retention and toxicity of a coal liquid in artificially contaminated sediments     

Dauble  D. D.  Fallon  W. E.  Bean  R. M.  Gray  R. H.  Felice  L. J. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1983,20(4):391-399

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution - Columbia River fine sediments were artificially spiked with coal liquids and removal rates and composition of retained phenolics were characterized following...  相似文献   

VARIATIONS IN SEED QUALITY BETWEEN CERTIFIED SEED LOTS OF PERENNIAL RYEGRASS, AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO NITROGEN SUPPLY AND MOISTURE STATUS DURING SEED DEVELOPMENT     

B. N. Ene  E. W. Bean 《Grass and Forage Science》1975,30(3):195-199

Ten Certified Seed lots of S23 perennial ryegrass produced in different counties in England during 1966, and ten lots produced in 1972, were examined for differences in characters affecting seed quality. The 1966 seed lots differed significantly in 1000–seed weight, germination rate, N content of the seed and seedling dry weight, and there was a significant correlation between seed N content and the seedling weight of the progeny. In both S23 and S24 perennial ryegrass N applied at inflorescence emergence or at anthesis increased N content of the seed and seedling dry weight. In S24 application of N at anthesis increased 1000–seed weight also. When plants of S23 perennial ryegrass were subjected to reduced moisture supplies their seed N content was increased. It is concluded that late N applications to grass seed crops may affect seed quality.  相似文献