Observations on the potential of microwaves for weed control     

I SARTORATO  G ZANIN†  C BALDOIN‡  & C DE  ZANCHE‡ 《Weed Research》2006,46(1):1-9

Field tests of a prototype microwave‐based weed killer machine were conducted on Abutilon theophrasti, Panicum miliaceum, lucerne and oilseed rape pure stands. The approach can be considered a thermal weed control method, the microwave radiation causing dielectric heating of plant tissue water that eventually kills the plant. The method could overcome the limitations of other thermal methods, such as fire risk with flaming or the heavy loads required for hot water treatments. Species were effectively controlled by microwave irradiation, but their sensitivity and the evolution of damage symptoms over time differed. Lucerne showed no sigmoidal response and was the least affected by the treatment, while a log‐logistic curve expressed the dose–response relationships of the other species quite well. The estimated microwave dose for a 90% dry weight reduction ranged from 1015 kJ m^?2 in A. theophrasti to 3433 kJ m^?2 in P. miliaceum. Energy cost evaluation indicated that increased efficiency is required for this technique to compete with other thermal methods. Microwave efficiency could be increased by a flux configuration that minimizes soil penetration and maximizes absorption by plants, which, in turn, depends on plant growth form.  相似文献   

美国杏李不同栽培模式适应性评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

斯琴格日乐  德永军  王兵  白秀兰  吴慧  张彦廷  高秀丽 《干旱区资源与环境》2007,21(11):141-145

本文通过对不同品种不同栽培模式美国杏李生长和林地土壤含水量动态变化分析表明:栽培模式3抗旱性好,在研究地可广泛应用;栽培模式2在研究地比较适合在有一定灌溉条件的地区应用;栽培模式1抗旱性适中,可在研究地土壤水分条件尚好的地区应用;栽培模式5可在研究地土壤水分条件尚好的地区控制应用;栽培模式4在研究地不宜采用。  相似文献   

Relationship between diet, dental calculus and periodontal disease in domestic and feral cats in Australia.     

DE Clarke  A Cameron 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(12):825-825

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Plasma Concentrations and Cardiovascular Influence of Lidocaine Infusions During Isoflurane Anesthesia in Healthy Dogs and Dogs With Subaortic Stenosis     

AURY NUNES DE MORAES DVM  DVSC    DORIS H. DYSON DVM  DVSC  Diplomate ACVA    MICHAEL R. O'GRADY DVM  Diplomate ACVIM    WAYNE N. McDONELL DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVA  DAVID L. HOLMBERG DVM  MVSC  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(5):486-497

Objective—To determine the plasma concentrations and cardiovascular changes that occur in healthy dogs and dogs with aortic stenosis that are given an infusion of lidocaine during isoflurane anesthesia. Study Design—Phase 1, controlled randomized cross-over trial; Phase 2, before and after trial Animals—Phase 1, 6 healthy dogs (4 female, 2 male) weighing 23.8 ± 7.4 kg; Phase 2, 7 dogs (4 female, 3 male) with moderate to severe subaortic stenosis (confirmed by Doppler echocardiography) weighing 31.1 ± 14.5 kg. Methods—After mask induction, intubation, and institution of positive pressure ventilation, instrumentation was performed to measure hemodynamic variables. After baseline, measurement at an end-tidal isoflurane concentration of 1.9% (phase 1) or 1.85% (phase 2), a loading dose infusion of lidocaine at 400 μg/kg/min was given. Phase 1: Maintenance doses of lidocaine were administered consecutively (40, 120, and 200 μg/kg/min) after the loading dose (given for 10, 10, and 5 minutes, respectively) in advance of each maintenance concentrations. Measurements were taken at the end of each loading dose and at 25 and 35 minutes during each maintenance level. The same animals on a different day were given dextrose 5% and acted as the control. Phase 2: Dogs were studied on a single occasion during an infusion of lidocaine at 120 μg/kg/ min given after the loading dose (10 minutes). Measurements occurred after the loading dose and at 25 and 35 minutes. A blood sample for lidocaine concentration was taken at 70 minutes. Data were compared using a one-way ANOVA for phase 1, and between phase 1 and 2. Statistical analysis for phase 2 was performed using a paired r-test with a Bonferroni correction. A P value ± .05 was considered significant. Results—Phase 1: Plasma lidocaine concentrations achieved with 40, 120, and 200 μg of lidocaine/kg/min were 2.70, 5.27, and 7.17 μg/mL, respectively. A significant increase in heart rate (HR) (all concentrations), central venous pressure (CVP), mean pulmonary areterial pressure (PAP), and a decrease in stroke index (SI) (200 μg/kg/min) were observed. An increase in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and mean PAP, and a decrease in SI also followed the loading dose given before the 200 μg/kg/min infusion. No other significant differences from the control measurements, during dextrose 5% infusion alone, were detected. Phase 2: Plasma lidocaine concentrations achieved were 5.35, 4.23, 4.23, and 5.60 μg/mL at 10, 25, 35, and 70 minutes, respectively. They were not significantly different from concentrations found in our healthy dogs at the same infusions. A significant but small increase in CVP compared with baseline was noted after the loading dose. There were no significant differences from baseline shown in all other cardiovascular data. There were no statistically significant differences in any measurements taken during the lidocaine infusion between the dogs in phase 1 and phase 2. Dogs with aortic stenosis tended to have a lower cardiac index than healthy dogs at baseline (88 v 121 mL/kg/min) and during lidocaine infusion (81 v 111 mL/kg/min). A small, statistically significant difference in systolic PAP was present at baseline. Conclusions—There does not appear to be any detrimental cardiovascular effects related to an infusion of lidocaine at 120 μg/kg/min during isoflurane anesthesia in healthy dogs or dogs with aortic stenosis. The technique used in this study resulted in therapeutic plasma concentrations of lidocaine. Clinical Relevance—Methods shown in the study can be used in clinical cases to achieve therapeutic lidocaine levels without significant cardiovascular depression during isoflurane anesthesia.  相似文献   

THE FIRST LAW OF FLUORESCENCE     

DE Ment J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1942,96(2485):157-158

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Editorial     

S.J. DE GROOT  R.J. ROBERTS 《Aquaculture Research》1997,28(9):649-649

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Facilitated ankylosis for treatment of septic arthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint in a Ilama     

JD LILLICH  DE ANDERSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(9):636-638

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A comparative study of serum kinetics of oxytetracycline in pigs and calves following intramuscular administration     

A. DE L. BANTING  M. DUVAL  S. GREGOIRE 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1985,8(4):418-420

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噬菌体复合制剂对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、肠道形态及肠道菌群的影响     

朱树娇  张辉  周艳  董俊  德艳艳  张永柱  仲召鑫  王冉  包红朵 《动物营养学报》2022,34(5):2928-2939

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多年生人工草地矮生嵩草(Kobresia humilis)种群空间格局与种内关联性     

邢云飞  施建军  德科加  王伟  王晓丽  唐俊伟  李思瑶 《草地学报》2022,30(2):253-258

植物种群空间分布格局不仅反映植物的空间分布特点,还有助于研究者了解植物利用资源的现状和生存能力。本研究以矮生嵩草(Kobresia humilis)为研究对象,按株丛斑块面积将矮生嵩草分为小斑块级株丛(0～30 cm²)、中斑块级株丛(30～80 cm²)和大斑块级株丛(>80 cm²)3个株丛级,采用点格局分析的g函数统计方法,分析了矮生嵩草各级株丛的空间格局及关联性。结果表明：矮生嵩草种群中小斑块级株丛占比高于中斑块、大斑块级株丛占比,种群中幼苗充足,正处于稳定的增长阶段;矮生嵩草小斑块、中斑块、大斑块级株丛在小尺度范围内表现为聚集分布,随着尺度的增大,所有株丛斑块的聚集程度减弱,逐渐趋向于随机分布;小斑块与中斑块、大斑块的矮生嵩草株丛在小尺度内表现为正关联。斑块聚集分布和相互共存是矮生嵩草的一种生存策略。  相似文献