Controlled Tissue Expansion in the Distal Extremities of Dogs     

GARY J. SPODNICK DVM  Diplomate ACVS    MICHAEL M. PAVLETIC DVM  Diplomate ACVS    GEOFFREY N. CLARK DVM  Diplomate ACVS    SCOTT H. SCHELLING DVM  Diplomate ACVP  KARL H. KRAUS dvm  ms  Diplomate acvs 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(6):436-443

Controlled tissue expansion using a 100 cc rectangular silicone elastomer expander was performed in the mid-antebrachium and mid-crus of eight adult mixed-breed dogs. Two expander inflation schedules were followed. Group 1 dogs (n = 4) underwent expander inflation using 10 cc sterile saline every other day, and group 2 dogs (n = 4) underwent expander inflation using 15 cc sterile saline every other day until the nominal volume (100 cc) was attained. Significant mean postexpansion increases in skin surface area of 94.1 cm² (35.9%) and 108.9 cm² (37.3%) were measured in the antebrachium and crus, respectively (p < .05). In a second procedure, the expanders were removed and skin flaps were developed from the redundant tissue generated during the expansion process. Single pedicle advancement flaps and transposition flaps were used to cover surgically created defects measuring 5 times 10 cm in the antebrachium and cms. Single pedicle advancement flaps consistently measured 10 × 10 cm and could be advanced to cover defects involving one third of the mid-antebrachial or mid-crural circumference. Transposition flaps were rotated up to 170 and the donor site defects were easily closed under minimal or no tension. Complications included an abscess in one dog and seroma formation in four dogs. Differences in success or complication rates between group 1 dogs and group 2 dogs were not observed; an accelerated inflation schedule using 15 cc sterile saline every other day was recommended.  相似文献   

Progression of Femoropatellar Osteochondrosis in Nine Young Horses Clinical, Radiographic and Arthroscopic Findings     

ROBIN M. DABAREINER dvm  MS    KENNETH E. SULLINS dvm  MS Diplomate ACVS  NATHANIEL A. WHITE II  dvm  MS  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(6):515-523

The clinical and radiographic progression, and arthroscopic findings for nine young horses (<1 year of age) with femoropatellar osteochondrosis (OCD) are presented. Horses had a 2 to 12 week history of bilateral (8 horses) or unilateral (1 horse) hindlimb lameness. The most consistent clinical signs included femoropatellar joint distention and bilateral hindlimb lameness. At the onset of clinical signs, radiographic lesions were not present (4 horses) or subtle (5 horses), but were easily identified on radiographs taken 4 to 24 weeks later. Arthroscopic surgery was delayed until radiographic changes became obvious. Surgical findings in 20 femoropatellar joints were most commonly osteochondral "flaps" located on the proximal lateral trochlear ridge of the femur and were larger than had been indicated by the radiographs. Eight horses were being used for their intended purpose, which was racing (3 horses were racing and 3 were in race training), dressage (1 horse) or pleasure riding (1 horse). One horse required a second surgery when similar lesions developed in the opposite stifle, and was euthanatized 2 months later because of persistent lameness. Once clinical signs are observed, osteochondrosis lesions of the distal femur can progress in foals younger than 9 months of age and the full extent of the radiographic lesion may take several weeks to develop.  相似文献   

Cystourethropexy to Correct Refractory Urinary Incontinence Due to Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence Preliminary Results in Ten Bitches     

BRUNO J. MASSAT Dr Med Vet    CLARE R. GREGORY DVM  Dipiomate ACVS    GERALD V. LING dvm    GEORGE H. CARDINET dvm  PhD  ERNEST L. LEWIS md 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(4):260-268

Cystourethropexy was performed in 10 bitches with refractory urinary incontinence due to urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence. All animals had an abnormally shaped vesico-urethral junction. The bladder neck was located in the pelvic canal in nine dogs (pelvic bladder). Surgery alone restored urinary continence in two cases and markedly improved incontinence in two cases. Surgery combined with medical therapy (phenylpropanolamine, 1.5 mg/kg orally once or twice a day, using a sustained-action preparation) restored urinary continence in four cases and markedly improved continence in one case. Surgery, with medical therapy, was completely ineffective in one case. No major complications were encountered in any dogs. In four cases, histopathologic evaluation of the dorsal bladder wall and neck revealed the presence of a single, perinuclear, clear vacuole in the cytoplasm of smooth muscle fibers. Electron microscopic examination showed that the vacuoles represented a dilatation of normal membrane organelles. Such abnormalities have the potential to alter the smooth muscle motility. This study indicates that cystourethropexy alone restored urinary continence only temporarily in the majority of the patients. The significance and frequency of the histopathologic findings requires further investigation.  相似文献   

Quantitative Ingrowth Analysis of a Porous-coated Acetabular Component in a Canine Model   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

TERESA D SCHILLER DVM    DAVID J. DEYOUNG dvm  Diplomate ACVS  Diplomate ACVA    RICHARD A. SCHILLER  HAROLD A. ABERMAN dvm  mse  DAVID S. HUNGERFORD md 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(4):276-280

Histomorphometric analysis of bone ingrowth into a porous-coated acetabular component was evaluated in a canine model. A total of nine prostheses were evaluated, 3 at 6 months, 3 at 12 months, and 3 at 24 months after implantation. All implants were grossly stable at the time of retrieval. The mean percentage of bone ingrowth was 12% at 6 months, 24% at 12 months, and 24% at 24 months. Narrow radiolucent lines noted on microradiographs were more evident at the 6 month time period than at the 12 or 24 month time periods. Bone ingrowth into a porous-coated acetabular component in a weight-bearing model may continue beyond the 6 month time period, and early evaluation of bone ingrowth may underestimate final bone ingrowth.  相似文献   

Palmar Digital Neurectomy in Horses 57 Cases (1984–1990)     

BRADLEY R. JACKMAN DVM  MS    GARY M. BAXTER VMD  MS  DIPIOMATE ACVS    RICHARD E. DORAN DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS    DOUGLAS ALLEN DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS  ANDREW H. PARKS MA  VET MB  Dipiomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1993,22(4):285-288

The medical records of 57 horses that had palmar digital neurectomy performed between 1984 and 1990 were reviewed. Neurectomies were performed either by transection and elec-trocoagulation (47 horses) or by the guillotine technique (10 horses). Middle-aged geldings, Quarter Horses, and Thoroughbreds were significantly over-represented when compared with the hospital population. Horses used as hunter/jumpers also appeared to be over-represented. Complications occurred in 17 (34%) of the 50 horses for which follow-up information was obtained. Recurrence of heel pain was the most common complication (14 horses). Palpable painful neuromas were detected in three horses. One year after neurectomy, 74% of the horses were sound; this decreased to 63% after 2 years.  相似文献   

Septic Arthritis of the Distal Interphalangeal Joint in 12 Horses     

CLIFFORD M. HONNAS DVM  Dipiomate ACVS    ROBERT D. WELCH DVM  PhD  Dipiomate ACVS    TROY S. FORD DVM  Dipiomate ACVS    JOHN R. VACEK DVM  JEFFREY P. WATKINS DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1992,21(4):261-268

The medical records of 12 horses with septic arthritis of a distal interphalangeal joint were reviewed to determine clinical features and response to treatment. Sepsis was caused by trauma or an injection that resulted in an open or contaminated distal interphalangeal joint. All horses were severely lame. Treatment included broad-spectrum parenterally administered antimicrobial drugs (ten horses), percutaneous through-and-through joint lavage (eight horses), indwelling drains (three horses), immobilization of the limb in a cast (three horses), intraarticular injection of sodium hyaluronate (one horse), intraarticular injection of antimicrobial drugs (five horses), curettage of the distal phalanx (one horse), and cancellous bone grafting to promote fusion (one horse). Five horses were euthanatized. Ankylosis of the affected joint developed in five horses, four of which are pasture sound. Two horses treated medically are sound although one underwent subsequent palmar digital neurectomy for treatment of navicular syndrome.  相似文献   

Results of Craniotomy for the Treatment of Cerebral Meningioma in 42 Cats     

LORI E. GORDON dvm    CHRISTOPHER THACHER dvm  Dipiomate acvs    DAVID T. MATTHIESEN DVM  Dipiomate ACVS  RICHARD J. JOSEPH DVM  Dipiomate ACVIM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1994,23(2):94-100

Forty-two cats underwent craniotomy for removal of a meningioma between 1985 and 1991. Median duration of clinical signs before examination was 1.25 months. All cats had inappropriate demeanor: 48% were dull and 38% were lethargic. Neurological deficits included impaired vision in 93%, paresis in 83%, and seizures in 19%. Computed tomography (CT) showed solitary masses in 86% and multiple masses in 14%. Intraoperative complications included hemorrhage and difficulty excising deep or adherent masses. Anemia in 13 of 42 cats was the most common immediate postoperative complication. Ten of 42 cats had no improvement or a more severe neurological status after surgery. Eight of 42 cats died immediately after surgery; 6 of these were anemic. Of the cats that survived the immediate postoperative period, evaluation 10 to 14 days after surgery showed that 97% (33 of 34) were alert and 79% (27 of 34) had returned to normal behavior. Neurological deficits, except for vision impairment, had resolved in most cats. The duration of follow-up varied from 1.3 months to 55.1 months. Ten cats developed neurological abnormalities from 1 month to 44.2 months after surgery; of these, 6 had tumor recurrence or new growth confirmed by CT scan or necropsy. Overall survival was 71% at 6 months, 66% at 1 year, and 50% at 2 years. Age of cat and location of tumor did not significantly affect survival ( P = . 1034 and .1851, respectively). There were too few precise measurements of tumor size to make a valid statistical comparison of the effect of size on survival. Location or presence of multiple tumors did not affect final outcome. Results of this study indicate that surgical excision is a beneficial method of treatment of cranial meningioma in cats.  相似文献   

Effect of 5 cm of Water Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on Arterial Oxygen Tension in Dogs During and After Thoracotomy     

TINA RUSTOMJEE BVSc  MS    ANN WAGNER DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVP  Diplomate ACVA  E. CHRISTOPHER ORTON DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1994,23(4):307-310

Thoracotomy in dogs often is associated with lower than expected arterial oxygen tensions (PaO₂). Pulmonary collapse from opening the thoracic cavity is likely to be responsible for decreased PaO₂ during thoracotomy. To examine whether positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is beneficial to dogs undergoing thoracotomy, PaO₂ and hemoglobin saturation (SaO₂) were measured in dogs randomly assigned to receive 5 cm of H₂O PEEP (n = 7) or no PEEP (n = 9). During surgery in both groups of dogs, PaO₂ progressively decreased ( P < .001), but the decrease in PaO₂ was significantly less in the PEEP group ( P = .027). In both groups, PaO₂ did not decrease enough to have a substantial effect on SaO₂. Furthermore, application of PEEP during thoracotomy did not prevent moderate hypoxemia after surgery and discontinuation of PEEP. Application of 5 cm of H₂O PEEP seems to attenuate the decrease in PaO₂ observed in dogs undergoing thoracotomy, but routine application of PEEP does not seem justified. ©  相似文献   

The Effect of Occlusive and Semi-Occlusive Dressings on the Healing of Acute Full-Thickness Skin Wounds on the Forelimbs of Dogs     

PAUL W. MORGAN DVM  DVSc    ALLEN G. BINNINGTON DVM  MSc  Diplomate ACVS    CRAIG W. MILLER DVM  MVSc  Diplomate ACVS    DALE A. SMITH DVM  DVSc    ANNE VALLIANT BSc  JOHN F. PRESCOTT MA  Vet MB  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1994,23(6):494-502

This project compared the effects of hydrocolloid (HC) and hydrogel (HG) occlusive dressings and a polyethylene (PE) semi-occlusive dressing on the healing of acute full-thickness skin wounds on the forelimbs of 10 dogs. All treatments resulted in a similar degree of healing at postoperative days 4 and 7. No significant differences existed in the number of wounds that were more than 90% healed at postoperative day 28 between the group treated with the HG dressing and the group treated with the PE dressing. There were significantly fewer wounds more than 90% healed at postoperative day 28 in the group treated with the HC dressing. Wounds under the HG dressing had the largest mean percentage of contraction at postoperative days 21 and 28. Wounds under the HG dressing also had the largest contraction/re-epithelialization ratio (postoperative days 21 and 28) compared with wounds under the PE and HC dressings. Wounds under the PE dressing had a significantly higher mean percentage of re-epithelialization than wounds under both occlusive dressings on postoperative days 14, 21, and 28. Wounds under the two occlusive dressings had exuberant granulation tissue present more often than wounds under the PE dressing. The two occlusive dressings had significantly higher bacterial counts on wounds compared with wounds under the PE dressing; analysis of variance (ANOVA), P = .0008. Wounds under the HC dressing showed the poorest healing in all parameters.  相似文献   

Distraction Osteogenesis Using Modified External Fixation Devices in Five Dogs     

SUSAN R. YANOFF DVM  MS    DONALD A. HULSE DVM  Dipiomate ACVS    ROSS H. PALMER DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS  MICHAEL R. HERRON DVM  MS  Dipiomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1992,21(6):480-487

Distraction osteogenesis was used to treat five dogs with limb deformities or limb shortening. The affected bones underwent osteotomy, and modified external fixators were attached. Complications included pin loosening, implant breakage, and soft-tissue contracture. Adequate limb length was attained in all cases, but clinical results varied from poor to excellent. Two dogs were not lame after the procedure, two dogs had improved function but were still lame, and one dog had complications necessitating amputation.  相似文献