排序方式： 共有286条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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SALLY A. COLGAN BVSc AARON T. HECKER MS CARL A. KIRKER-HEAD MA Vet MB MRCVS Diplomate ACVS Diplomate ECVS WILSON C. HAYES PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(6):540-546
Objective —To determine risk of failure of the Synthes 4.5-mm cannulated screw system instrumentation in equine bone and to compare its application with the Synthes 4.5-mm standard cortex screw system.
Study Design —The maximum insertion torque of the cannulated and standard cortex screw systems were compared with the ultimate torsional strengths of the equipment. Pullout strength and ultimate tensile load of cannulated and standard cortex screws were also determined.
Sample Population—Paired equine cadaver third metacarpal and third carpal bones.
Methods —Maximum insertion torque and ultimate torsional strengths were determined by using an axial-torsional, servohydraulic materials testing system and a hand-held torquometer. Pullout tests were performed by using a servohydraulic materials testing system.
Results —Maximum insertion torque of all cannulated instrumentation was less than ultimate torsional strength at all locations ( P < .05). Maximum insertion torques of cannulated taps and screws were greater than for standard taps and screws in the third carpal bone ( P < .002). Pullout strength of the cannulated screws was less than the standard cortex screws at all sites ( P < .001). Cannulated screws broke before bone failure in all but one bone specimen. Conclusions—The risk of cannulated instrument or screw failure during insertion into bone is theoretically low. The relatively low pullout strength of the cannulated screws implies that the interfragmentary compression achievable is likely to be less than with standard cortex screws. Clinical Relevance—The relatively low pullout strength of the cannulated screw suggests that its risk of failure during fracture repair is greater than with the standard cortex screw. 相似文献
Study Design —The maximum insertion torque of the cannulated and standard cortex screw systems were compared with the ultimate torsional strengths of the equipment. Pullout strength and ultimate tensile load of cannulated and standard cortex screws were also determined.
Sample Population—Paired equine cadaver third metacarpal and third carpal bones.
Methods —Maximum insertion torque and ultimate torsional strengths were determined by using an axial-torsional, servohydraulic materials testing system and a hand-held torquometer. Pullout tests were performed by using a servohydraulic materials testing system.
Results —Maximum insertion torque of all cannulated instrumentation was less than ultimate torsional strength at all locations ( P < .05). Maximum insertion torques of cannulated taps and screws were greater than for standard taps and screws in the third carpal bone ( P < .002). Pullout strength of the cannulated screws was less than the standard cortex screws at all sites ( P < .001). Cannulated screws broke before bone failure in all but one bone specimen. Conclusions—The risk of cannulated instrument or screw failure during insertion into bone is theoretically low. The relatively low pullout strength of the cannulated screws implies that the interfragmentary compression achievable is likely to be less than with standard cortex screws. Clinical Relevance—The relatively low pullout strength of the cannulated screw suggests that its risk of failure during fracture repair is greater than with the standard cortex screw. 相似文献
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Results of Transsphenoidal Hypophysectomy in 52 Dogs With Pituitary-Dependent Hyperadrenocorticism 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
BJÖRN P. MEIJ DVM PhD Diplomate ECVS GEORGE VOORHOUT DVM PhD Diplomate ECVDI TED S.G.A.M. VAN DEN INGH DVM PhD Diplomate ECVP HERMAN A.W. HAZEWINKEL DVM PhD Diplomate ECVS ERIK TESKE DVM PhD Diplomate ECVIM AD RIJNBERK DVM PhD Diplomate ECVIM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(3):246-261
Objective —To evaluate microsurgical transsphenoidal hypophysectomy in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH). Study Design —Prospective study to evaluate the results (survival and disease-free interval, remission, recurrence) and complications of microsurgical transsphenoidal hypophysectomy by clinical follow-up, computed tomography (CT), and urinary corticoid-to-creatinine (C/C) ratios in dogs with PDH. The effect of surgical experience was investigated by comparing results of hypophysectomy cases 1 through 26 and 27 through 52. Animals or Sample Population—52 dogs with PDH. Results —Preoperative CT enabled accurate assessment of pituitary size (24 nonenlarged and 28 enlarged) and localization relative to intraoperative anatomic landmarks. Treatment failures included procedure-related mortalities (five dogs) and incomplete hypophysectomies (four dogs). The 1-year estimated survival rate was 84% (95% confidence interval [CI], 71% to 92%). The 2-year estimated survival rate was 80% (95% CI, 65% to 90%). In 43 dogs, the hyperadrenocorticism went into remission. Hyperadrenocorticism recurred in five dogs. The 1-year estimated relapse-free fraction was 92% (95% CI, 76% to 97%). The main complications were transient, mild, postoperative hypernatremia; transient reduction or cessation of tear production (25 eyes in 18 dogs); permanent (five dogs) or prolonged (nine dogs) diabetes insipidus; and secondary hypothyroidism. Normal tear production had resumed in all but one case after a median period of 10 weeks. In the second case series (27 through 52), the hospitalization period was shorter, the number of dry eyes fewer, the survival fraction greater, and the postoperative mortality lower than in the first series. In 15 dogs in which remission was obtained, postoperative CT images suggested the presence of small pituitary remnants; in 1 of these, hyperadrenocorticism recurred. In 46 dogs, the histological diagnosis was pituitary adenoma. Conclusions —Microsurgical transsphenoidal hypophysectomy in dogs with PDH is an effective method of treatment in specialized veterinary institutions having access to advanced pituitary imaging techniques. Postoperative CT findings do not correlate well with remission or subsequent recurrence of hyperadrenocorticism. Clinical Relevance —The neurosurgeon performing hypophysectomies must master a learning curve and must be familiar with the most frequent complications of the operation to recognize them as early as possible and to treat them immediately and effectively. Urinary C/C ratios are sensitive indicators for the assessment of remission and recurrence of hyperadrenocorticism. 相似文献
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Evaluation of Functional Outcome After BFX® Total Hip Replacement Using a Pressure Sensitive Walkway
B. DUNCAN X. LASCELLES BSc BVSc PhD DSAS Diplomate ACVS & ECVS MILA FREIRE DVM SIMON C. ROE BVSc PhD Diplomate ACVS VENITA DePUY MStat ERIC SMITH BS DENIS J. MARCELLIN-LITTLE DEDV Diplomate ACVS & ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):71-77
Objective— To evaluate stance phase limb use after cementless (BFX® ) total hip replacement (THR) in dogs and to relate postoperative radiographic variables to static bodyweight distribution after surgery.
Study Design— Prospective clinical study.
Animals— Dogs (n=35) that had THR.
Methods— THR was performed using the BFX® THR technique. Postoperative pain management regimens were similar for all dogs. Standing bodyweight distribution (%BWdistrib ) was measured using a pressure sensitive walkway and radiographs made before surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Repeated measures models (with backwards-stepping to obtain the final model) were used for statistical analysis.
Results— Temporally, %BWdistrib to the operated limb increased ( P <.0001; normal by 3 months) and decreased to the unoperated limb ( P =.0001) and also increased to the pelvic limbs and decreased to the thoracic limbs. %BWdistrib to the unoperated limb was significantly less than the operated limb at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Postoperative canal fill and femur flare were significantly negatively correlated with change in %BWdistrib (estimate=−0.24, P =.0413).
Conclusion— BFX® THR results in normal %BWdistrib to the operated limb by 3 months after surgery. A greater fill of the proximal femur may be associated with a suboptimal outcome.
Clinical Relevance— BFX® THR normalizes standing bodyweight distribution dogs with hip osteoarthritis. Objective evaluation of THR outcome and radiographic features may reveal factors that could be improved through changes in prosthesis design or surgical technique. 相似文献
Study Design— Prospective clinical study.
Animals— Dogs (n=35) that had THR.
Methods— THR was performed using the BFX
Results— Temporally, %BW
Conclusion— BFX
Clinical Relevance— BFX
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STEVEN DE DECKER DVM INGRID M.V.L. GIELEN PhD LUC DUCHATEAU MSc PhD INGEBORGH POLIS PhD HENRI J.J. VAN BREE PhD Diplomate ECVDI & ECVS LUC M.L. VAN HAM PhD Diplomate ECVN 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):28-34
Objective— To evaluate agreement and repeatability of vertebral column measurements using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Study Design— Retrospective observational study.
Animals— Dogs (n=18) with disc associated wobbler syndrome; Dog cadavers (n=3).
Methods— Five measurements of the 5th cervical vertebra were performed: vertebral body length (VBL), vertebral canal height (VCH), vertebral body height (VBH), vertebral canal width (VCW), and vertebral body width (VBW). Measurements were performed independently twice by 2 observers. Bland-Altman plots were created to evaluate agreement. Cadaveric vertebrae with soft tissue removed had the same variables and actual dimensions measured.
Results— The largest discrepancy between CT and MRI measurement was for VBL (mean difference±SD=1.262 mm±1.245; P <.001), with the difference for all the other variables being acceptable. The 1st measurement was significantly higher than the 2nd only for VBL using CT (mean difference=0.476 mm±1.120; P =.009), with all other variables having acceptable differences. Mean difference for all measurements between 2 observers was small, except for VBL using CT (mean difference=0.762 mm±1.042; P <.001). Only the difference for VBL between CT and cadaver specimens was statistically significant.
Conclusions— Our results suggest high repeatability and good agreement for most vertebral measurements of interest. VBL measurement using CT was considered problematic.
Clinical Relevance— Provided limitations are understood, linear measurements of vertebral dimensions from CT and MRI images can be used clinically. 相似文献
Study Design— Retrospective observational study.
Animals— Dogs (n=18) with disc associated wobbler syndrome; Dog cadavers (n=3).
Methods— Five measurements of the 5th cervical vertebra were performed: vertebral body length (VBL), vertebral canal height (VCH), vertebral body height (VBH), vertebral canal width (VCW), and vertebral body width (VBW). Measurements were performed independently twice by 2 observers. Bland-Altman plots were created to evaluate agreement. Cadaveric vertebrae with soft tissue removed had the same variables and actual dimensions measured.
Results— The largest discrepancy between CT and MRI measurement was for VBL (mean difference±SD=1.262 mm±1.245; P <.001), with the difference for all the other variables being acceptable. The 1st measurement was significantly higher than the 2nd only for VBL using CT (mean difference=0.476 mm±1.120; P =.009), with all other variables having acceptable differences. Mean difference for all measurements between 2 observers was small, except for VBL using CT (mean difference=0.762 mm±1.042; P <.001). Only the difference for VBL between CT and cadaver specimens was statistically significant.
Conclusions— Our results suggest high repeatability and good agreement for most vertebral measurements of interest. VBL measurement using CT was considered problematic.
Clinical Relevance— Provided limitations are understood, linear measurements of vertebral dimensions from CT and MRI images can be used clinically. 相似文献
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KEVIN K. AU BSc BVMS WANDA J. GORDON‐EVANS DVM PhD Diplomate ACVS DIANNE DUNNING DVM MS Diplomate ACVS KRISTEN J. O'DELL‐ANDERSON DVM MS Diplomate ACVR KIM E. KNAP BS CVT CCRP DOMINIQUE GRIFFON DVM PhD Diplomate ACVS & ECVS ANN L. JOHNSON DVM MS Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(2):173-180
Objectives— To compare short‐ and long‐term functional and radiographic outcome of cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) injury in dogs treated with postoperative physical rehabilitation and either tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) or lateral fabellar suture stabilization (LFS). Study Design— Prospective observational clinical study. Animals— Medium to large breed dogs with naturally occurring CrCL injury (n=65). Methods— Dogs with CrCL injury were treated with either TPLO or LFS and with identical physical rehabilitation regimes postoperatively. Limb peak vertical force (PVF) was measured preoperatively and at 3, 5, and 7 weeks, and 6 months and 24 months postoperatively. Stifles were radiographically assessed for osteoarthrosis (OA) preoperatively and 24 months postoperatively. Results— Thirty‐five dogs had LFS and 30 dogs had TPLO. Radiographic OA scores were significantly increased at 24 months compared with preoperative scores in all dogs. Radiographic OA scores preoperatively and at 24 months were not significantly different between treatment groups. PVF was significantly increased from preoperative to 24 months among both treatment groups but not significantly different between treatment groups preoperatively or at 3, 5, 7 weeks, 6, or 24 months. Conclusion— No significant difference in outcome as determined by ground reaction forces or radiographic OA scores were found between dogs with CrCL injury treated with LFS or TPLO. Clinical Relevance— LFS and TPLO remain good options for stabilizing stifles with CrCL injury with all dogs showing significant functional improvement. This study does not support the superiority of either surgical technique. 相似文献
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B. DUNCAN X. LASCELLES BSc BVSc PhD DSAS Diplomate ACVS & ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):2-13
Objective: To critically review and collate published information on feline degenerative joint disease (DJD) and identify areas in which information is lacking.
Study Design: Critical literature review.
Methods: Literature search through Pub Med, Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau Abstracts published in the English Language, or translated into English (January 1940–August 2008).
Results: Although there are no prospective studies, the prevalence of radiographic DJD appears to be high and can be associated with clinical signs of decreased mobility. There appears to be a mismatch between radiographic and clinical examination findings (pain response). There is little information on the cause of DJD in different joints. There are no fully validated subjective or objective assessment systems for the measurement of chronic DJD-associated pain in the cat. Development of a feline model of chronic DJD-associated pain may speed the development and evaluation of candidate pain-alleviating compounds and treatments.
Conclusions: The high prevalence of feline DJD and lack of information about it, suggests further investigation is needed.
Clinical Relevance: Feline DJD occurs with high frequency, and yet there is little to guide the clinician on prevention or treatment. 相似文献
Study Design: Critical literature review.
Methods: Literature search through Pub Med, Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau Abstracts published in the English Language, or translated into English (January 1940–August 2008).
Results: Although there are no prospective studies, the prevalence of radiographic DJD appears to be high and can be associated with clinical signs of decreased mobility. There appears to be a mismatch between radiographic and clinical examination findings (pain response). There is little information on the cause of DJD in different joints. There are no fully validated subjective or objective assessment systems for the measurement of chronic DJD-associated pain in the cat. Development of a feline model of chronic DJD-associated pain may speed the development and evaluation of candidate pain-alleviating compounds and treatments.
Conclusions: The high prevalence of feline DJD and lack of information about it, suggests further investigation is needed.
Clinical Relevance: Feline DJD occurs with high frequency, and yet there is little to guide the clinician on prevention or treatment. 相似文献