Effects of ruminal dosing of mechanical stimulating brush on digestibility and rumen fermentation status in Holstein steers fed low rice straw at different lengths     

Ken-ichi HORIGUCHI  ToshiyoshI TAKAHASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(1):23-28

The objectives of the present study were to determine the effect of ruminal dosing of mechanical stimulating brush (Rumen faibu; RF) on digestibility and on rumen fermentation status in Holstein steers fed high concentrate and low rice straw. Eight steers (461 kg in average bodyweight) were used. Four steers were orally dosed three RF per head (RF‐dosing) and the other four were not dosed (non‐RF). All steers were fed enough concentrate and rice straw to gain 1.4 kg/day in bodyweight. Rice straw was cut 2 cm and 30 cm. The organic cell wall content of feeding diets was 17% in dry matter basis. Digestibility and nutritive value were not affected by RF dosing and length of rice straw. Ruminal pH was significantly lower in RF‐dosing group than in non‐RF group after feeding, and tended to be higher in long rice straw than in short rice straw throughout the day. There were no clear difference on total volatile fatty acid concentration and molar proportion of volatile fatty acid by RF dosing and length of rice straw throughout examined period. These present results suggest that digestibility and rumen fermentation status are not affected by RF dosing when organic cell wall content of feeding diets is approximately 17% in dry matter with rice straw over 2 cm.  相似文献   

Effects of supplementary corn silage on the feed intake and milk production of time-restricted grazing dairy cows     

Tomohiro MITANI  Makoto TAKAHASHI  Koichiro UEDA  Hiroki NAKATSUJI  Seiji KONDO  Masahiko OKUBO 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(4):331-337

The effects of supplementary corn silage (CS) of either 2 or 4 kg of dry matter (DM; S + 2 and S + 4, respectively) above the energy requirement for milk production and maintenance for grazing dairy cows (S) were determined. Time‐restricted grazing was used to compare the feed intake, milk production, and nitrogen and energy use of lactating cows. The experiment was carried out on two different pastures using a 3 × 3 Latin square design for each pasture. Cows were grazed for 5 h on a rotational grazing system and were fed concentrate (1 kg per 5 kg of milk yield). Herbage intake was measured using a weighing technique. To calculate the energy and nitrogen use, whole feces and urine were collected. There was no statistical effect of the pastures. Herbage intake decreased by the addition of CS (P = 0.02). The reduction of herbage DM intake per unit consumption of supplementary CS towards the S group were 0.80 and 0.45 kg for the S + 2 and S + 4 groups, respectively. The total DM intake for the S + 4 group was higher than that for the S and S + 2 groups (P = 0.02). Milk yield did not differ among treatments, even though the total DM intake for the S + 4 group was higher than that of the S and S + 2 groups. Nitrogen and energy use did not differ with the addition of CS.  相似文献   

Successful use of prednisolone and radiation therapy in a dog with intracranial histiocytic sarcoma     

Tomoko TAKAHASHI  Yumiko KAGAWA  Daisuke ITO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(11):1782

The ideal treatment for intracranial histiocytic sarcoma (HS) remains unclear. Herein, we report a case of intracranial HS that was successfully treated using prednisolone and radiation therapy. The patient was a 9-year-old spayed female Pembroke Welsh Corgi that presented with epileptic seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a contrast-enhancing mass adjacent to the right piriform lobe. Prednisolone administration (1 mg/kg/day) decreased the lesion size. Additional palliative radiation therapy (total dose, 37 Gy) resulted in complete disappearance of the lesion. However, on day 164, the dog’s neurological signs deteriorated, and she was euthanized. Necropsy revealed an intracranial metastasis of HS via the cerebrospinal fluid without any extracranial metastasis. Nonetheless, combined prednisolone and radiation therapy might be effective in treating intracranial HS.  相似文献   

Age-related changes in contractions of chicken aorta and ischiadic artery     

Asaki ABE  Kazumasa OHTSUKI  Yoshiki SUZUKI  Takiko TAKAHASHI  Yasuhiro KONDO 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(4):309-311

The characteristics of the contraction of vascular smooth muscle were examined in thoracic aorta and ischiadic artery of chickens aged 3, 6, 10 and 18 weeks. High K⁺ solution induced a sustained contraction in smooth muscle preparations of aorta and ischiadic artery in vitro . The contraction of the ischiadic artery became greater with age, whereas the contraction of the aortic preparation did not. In the ischiadic artery, the magnitude of the contraction divided by the weight of the muscle preparation was constant at all ages studied. However, those in the aortic preparation decreased with age. These results suggest that the changes in the contractile responses of vascular smooth muscle owing to the age of chickens vary widely according to the preparations of blood vessels, and that the functional smooth muscle cells in the thoracic aorta of chicken do not increase with age.  相似文献   

孝昌马尾松天然林同工酶遗传构造的分析研究     

周必成  宋丛文  荣花茂  高桥诚  河野耕藏 《湖北林业科技》2000,(Z1)

通过对湖北省孝昌县小悟乡的马尾松（Ｐｈｕｓ ｍａｓｓｏｎｉａｎａ）天然林的针叶进行的同工 酶实验,６种酶系统的１１个基因位点得到了确认。以各基因位点上的等位基因的频率为基础, 对该林分内部的遗传变异进行了研究,结果表明,该林分具有较高的遗传变异性,其多态位点 百分率（ＰＩ）为９０．９％、等位基因平均数（Ｎａ）为３．１８、有效等位基因（Ｎｅ）为１．９１、平均期待杂 合率（Ｈｅ）为０．４２、近交系数（Ｆｉｓ）为０．３３,且存在不同基因位点间高频率的连锁不平衡。同时 将马尾松个体间的距离分成不同的等级,考察各等位基因频率的变化情况（Ｍｏｒａｎ’ｓＩ和ＳＮＤ 曲线的变化规律）,进一步对该林分内的遗传构造和林分的成立过程进行了研究和探讨,发现 其邻域的大小为１０～１２ｍ。在此基础上提出了对该类的天然林的遗传资源保存的对策。  相似文献   

A Variant of Cucumber mosaic virus Is Restricted to Local Lesions in Inoculated Tobacco Leaves with a Hypersensitive Response     

Hideki TAKAHASHI  Mitsuhiro SUGIYAMA  SUKAMTO  Akira KARASAWA  Shuu HASE  Yoshio EHARA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2000,66(4):335-344

A variant of Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV(Y/GM2), was isolated from a tobacco plant with mild green mosaic symptoms that was regenerated in vitro from a yellow strain of CMV [CMV(Y)]-infected tobacco leaves by tissue culture. CMV(Y/GM2) has two amino acid substitutions at 36 and 111 positions in the coat protein encoded on RNA3. CMV, assembled by mixing in vitro transcribed CMV(Y) RNA1 and RNA2 plus infectious RNA3 transcribed in vitro from cDNA to RNA3 of CMV(Y/GM2), was prepared and designated as CMV(Y/GM2)tr. When tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi nc) plants were inoculated with CMV(Y/GM2)tr, large necrotic local lesions in which the virus was localized, developed on the inoculated leaves. This host response unique to CMV(Y/GM2)tr was similar to the hypersensitive response (HR), which is a common resistance response to avirulent pathogens and was observed in five cultivars of Nicotiana tabacum and eight Nicotiana species. The revertant virus, however, accumulated to quite different levels in the various hosts. CMV(Y/GM2)tr induced pathogenesis-related 1 (PR-1) protein accumulation and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) which were generally observed in the HR. However, when tobaccos were inoculated with CMV(S36P)tr and CMV(V111I)tr, which have an amino acid substitution at either the 36 or 111 position in the coat protein of CMV(Y), respectively, CMV(S36P)tr was restricted to the primary infection site without necrotic local lesion formation and PR-1 protein and SAR induction. CMV(V111I)tr, however, systemically spread and induced mild green mosaic symptoms, while the host had the HR to CMV(Y/GM2)tr. The localization of CMV(Y/GM2)tr at the primary infection site may not only be caused by the HR, but also by the restriction of virus systemic movement resulting from the amino acid substitution at position 36 in the coat protein of CMV(Y). Received 15 December 1999/ Accepted in revised form 18 April 2000  相似文献   

Immunocytochemical evaluation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition in epithelial tumors of dogs and cats     

Yu FURUSAWA  Masashi TAKAHASHI  Mariko SHIMA-SAWA  Hitoshi HATAI  Noriaki MIYOSHI  Osamu YAMATO  Akira YABUKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(9):1363

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in metastasis of epithelial tumors; however, it is challenging to detect EMT by cytology. In the present study, EMT was visualized by fluorescence-immunocytochemistry (FICC). Air-dried smears from epithelial tumors of dogs (n=22) and cats (n=9) were stained using mouse monoclonal anti-E-cadherin and rabbit monoclonal anti‐vimentin antibodies. Enzymatic immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed that 51.6% (8/22 in dogs, 8/9 in cats) of the cases showed EMT. In dogs, FICC could detect EMT in 62.5% (5/8) of those cases. In cats, FICC could detect EMT in 100% (8/8) of the cases. In conclusion, the present FICC method could successfully detect EMT using conventional air-dried cytology smear slides.  相似文献   

Factors Affecting the Development of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos in Cattle     

Satoshi AKAGI  Kazutsugu MATSUKAWA  Seiya TAKAHASHI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(5):329-335

Nuclear transfer is a complex multistep procedure that includes oocyte maturation, cell cycle synchronization of donor cells, enucleation, cell fusion, oocyte activation and embryo culture. Therefore, many factors are believed to contribute to the success of embryo development following nuclear transfer. Numerous attempts to improve cloning efficiency have been conducted since the birth of the first sheep by somatic cell nuclear transfer. However, the efficiency of somatic cell cloning has remained low, and applications have been limited. In this review, we discuss some of the factors that affect the developmental ability of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos in cattle.  相似文献   

Effective Treatment for Improving the Survival Rate of Raccoon Dogs Infected with Sarcoptes scabiei     

Nobuhide KIDO  Tomoko OMIYA  Chihiro KAMEGAYA  Yuko WADA  Maya TAKAHASHI  Yasuhiko YAMAMOTO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(8):1169-1172

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Hemagglutination reaction by the phosphatide of the tubercle bacillus     

TAKAHASHI Y  ONO K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1958,127(3305):1053-1054

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