Antimicrobial resistance and recovery of Salmonella,Campylobacter, and Escherichia coli from chicken egg layer flocks in Canadian sentinel surveillance sites using 2 types of sample matrices     

Agnes Agunos  Sheryl P. Gow  David F. Lger  Logan Flockhart  Danielle Daignault  Andrea Desruisseau  Erin Zabek  Frank Pollari  Richard J. Reid-Smith 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2021,85(1):27

Eggs are important to the diet of Canadians. This product is one of the supply-managed commodities in Canada, but unlike other commodities, where food safety risks are extensively explored and reported, information on the prevalence of enteric organisms (e.g., Salmonella, Campylobacter) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in layers in Canada are limited. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of select bacteria and the associated AMR patterns in layer flocks using 2 sample matrices. Farms were located within FoodNet Canada and the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance sentinel sites (SS). Fecal samples (Ontario: ON_SS1a, ON_SS1b) and environmental sponge swabs (British Columbia: BC_SS2a) were collected. Salmonella prevalence was 29% and 8% in ON_SS1a and ON_SS1b, respectively, and 7% in BC_SS2a. S. Kentucky and S. Livingstone were the most frequently isolated serovars and no S. Enteritidis was detected. Campylobacter was not detected in the BC sponge swabs but was isolated from 89% and 53% of Ontario fecal samples (ON_SS1a and ON_SS1b, respectively). Seven C. jejuni from Ontario were ciprofloxacin-resistant. Escherichia coli prevalence was high in both sample types (98%). Overall, tetracycline resistance among E. coli ranged from 26% to 69%. Resistance to ceftiofur (n = 2 isolates) and gentamicin (n = 2) was relatively low. There were diverse resistance patterns (excludes susceptible isolates) observed among E. coli in Ontario (10 patterns) and British Columbia (14 patterns). This study revealed that fecal samples are more informative for farm-level monitoring of pathogen and AMR prevalence. Without further validation, sponge swabs are limited in their utility for Campylobacter detection and thus, for public health surveillance.  相似文献   

Low profile vascular plug for transarterial occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus in small dogs     

Alma H. Hulsman  Johannes M. P. J. Breur  Viktor Szatmri 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2021,35(1):98-106

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Matrix metalloproteinase‐2, ‐7, and ‐9 activities in dogs with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis compared to healthy dogs and dogs with other respiratory diseases     

Merita Mtt  Henna P. Laurila  Saila Holopainen  Kaisa Aaltonen  Liisa Lilja‐Maula  Sanna Viitanen  Minna M. Rajamki 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2021,35(1):462-471

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Causes of death in beef cattle in southern Brazil     

Francili A. Molossi  Bianca S. de Cecco  Camila B. Pohl  Rogrio B. Borges  Luciana Sonne  Saulo P. Pavarini  David Driemeier 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(4):677

We determined the prevalence of diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in beef cattle in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, based on pathology laboratory submissions. Postmortem examinations were conducted on 1,277 beef cattle that died between 2008 and 2018. Information regarding age, time of the year, breed, and regional location were analyzed statistically. Most cattle were from the surrounding region of Porto Alegre, and 78.7% of the analyzed cases had diagnostic value. The diagnostic category with most cases was infectious and/or parasitic diseases (60%), followed by toxic and toxicoinfectious (25%). Most cases occurred in the fall. Major disease conditions identified included hemoprotozoal infection (18.2%), rabies (8.2%), and plant intoxications by Senecio spp. (8.5%) and Pteridium arachnoideum (4.6%). Hemoprotozoal infection occurred at a higher frequency in young cattle, mainly in animals up to 1 y old. Intoxication by Senecio spp. was more frequent in cattle 2–3 y old.  相似文献   

Hemodynamic effects of incremental doses of acepromazine in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs     

Julia P.P. Rangel  Eduardo R. Monteiro  Flavia S. Bitti  Juarez S.N. Junior  Daniela Campagnol 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(2):167-173

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of incremental doses of acepromazine on hemodynamics in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs.Study designProspective, experimental study.AnimalsHealthy, adult, mixed-breed dogs (two male and four female) weighing 16.8 ± 5.1 kg (mean ± standard deviation).MethodsDogs were anesthetized with propofol (7 mg kg^–1) intravenously (IV) and isoflurane. Thermodilution and arterial catheters were placed for hemodynamic monitoring and arterial blood sampling for blood gas analysis. Baseline measurements were performed with stable expired concentration of isoflurane (Fe′Iso) at 1.8%. Each dog was then administered four incremental acepromazine injections (10, 15, 25 and 50 μg kg^–1) IV, and measurements were repeated 20 minutes after each acepromazine injection with Fe′Iso decreased to 1.2%. The four acepromazine injections resulted in cumulative doses of 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg kg^–1 (time points ACP₁₀, ACP₂₅, ACP₅₀ and ACP₁₀₀, respectively).ResultsCompared with baseline, cardiac index (CI) increased significantly by 34%, whereas systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) decreased by 25% at ACP₅₀ and ACP₁₀₀. Arterial oxygen content (CaO₂) was significantly lower than baseline after all acepromazine injections (maximum decreases of 11%) and was lower at ACP₅₀ and ACP₁₀₀ than at ACP₁₀. No significant change was found in heart rate, stroke index, oxygen delivery index and systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressures. Hypotension (mean arterial pressure < 60 mmHg) was observed in one dog at baseline, ACP₁₀, ACP₂₅ and ACP₁₀₀, and in two dogs at ACP₅₀.Conclusions and clinical relevanceCompared with isoflurane alone, anesthesia with acepromazine–isoflurane resulted in increased CI and decreased SVRI and CaO₂ values. These effects were dose-related, being more pronounced at ACP₅₀ and ACP₁₀₀. Under the conditions of this study, acepromazine administration did not change blood pressure.  相似文献   

The thermal antinociceptive effects of a high-concentration formulation of buprenorphine alone or followed by hydromorphone in conscious cats     

Kara L. Moreno  Elizabeth M. Scallan  Beatriz P. Monteiro  Paulo V. Steagall  Bradley T. Simon 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(4):570-576

ObjectiveTo evaluate the thermal antinociceptive effects of a high-concentration formulation of buprenorphine alone or followed by hydromorphone in conscious cats.Study designRandomized, blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study design.AnimalsA total of six purpose-bred, adult female ovariohysterectomized Domestic Short Hair cats.MethodsCats were allocated into three treatments each consisting of two injections, subcutaneous then intravenous (IV) administration, 2 hours apart: treatment SS, two injections of 0.9% saline; treatment BS, buprenorphine (0.24 mg kg^–1, 1.8 mg mL^–1) and saline; and treatment BH, buprenorphine (0.24 mg kg^–1) and hydromorphone (0.1 mg kg^–1). Skin temperature (ST) and thermal threshold (TT) were recorded before (baseline) and for 24 hours following first injection. TT data were analyzed using mixed linear models and a Benjamini–Hochberg sequential adjustment procedure (p < 0.05).ResultsThere were no significant differences among treatments for baseline ST and TT values, treatment SS over time and between treatments BS and BH. Compared with baseline, TT was significantly increased at all time points in treatments BH and BS except at 2 hours in treatment BS. TT was significantly higher than SS at 3–18 hours and 4–12 hours for treatments BS and BH, respectively. Maximal increases in TT were 47.5 °C at 2 hours, 53.9 °C at 3 hours and 52.4 °C at 6 hours in treatments SS, BS and BH, respectively.Conclusions and clinical relevanceAdministration of IV hydromorphone following high-concentration buprenorphine provided no additional antinociception and decreased the duration of effect when compared with high-concentration buprenorphine alone. Alternative analgesics should be considered if additional analgesia is required after administration of high-concentration buprenorphine.  相似文献   

The influence of feeding and gastroprotectant medications on the Factor Xa inhibitory activity of orally administered rivaroxaban in normal dogs     

Alex M. Lynch  Laura K. Ruterbories  Emily Griffith  Rita M. Hanel  Alyssa P. Stablein  Marjory B. Brooks 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2021,31(1):59-65

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‘Star Ruby’ grapefruit and ‘Clemenules’ mandarin trees show different physiological and agronomic responses to irrigation with saline water     

J. G. Pérez-Pérez  F. García-Sánchez  J. M. Robles  P. Botía 《Irrigation Science》2015,33(3):191-204

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Describing Human–Wildlife Interaction from a European Perspective     

Maria Johansson  Sabrina Dressel  Emma Kvastegård  Göran Ericsson  Anke Fischer  Bjørn P. Kaltenborn 《Human Dimensions of Wildlife》2016,21(2):158-168

European researchers from both the natural and social sciences show growing interest in studying interactions between society and wildlife. A wealth of theoretical frameworks, concepts, and methods are used, but an integration of perspectives is lacking. This research note summarizes results from two workshops that included 63 delegates from 25 European countries, as well as a follow-up survey of 41 respondents. Two main theoretical approaches to the study of human–wildlife interactions were identified. One approach focuses on the collective societal level relying on theories of governance, social representation, deliberative procedures, and commons theory. The other approach targets individuals or groups, and is based on theories such as the cognitive hierarchy, theory of reasoned action, and theory of planned behavior. Interdisciplinary collaboration is needed to identify the best options for wildlife conservation and management in a more politically integrated Europe.  相似文献   

A SURVEY OF RADIOLOGISTS AND REFERRING VETERINARIANS REGARDING IMAGING REPORTS          下载免费PDF全文

Andrea Weissman  Mauricio Solano  Olivier Taeymans  Shannon P. Holmes  David Jiménez  Bruce Barton 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(2):124-129

An imaging report is a vital communication tool between a radiologist and clinician. In a field where in‐person communication may not be readily available, it is imperative that the report clearly relays pertinent clinical information in a timely manner. The purpose of this observational study was to describe and compare opinions and expectations of small animal general practitioners, veterinary specialists, and veterinary radiologists regarding the imaging report. Online surveys were distributed, and data were collected from 202 veterinary clinicians and 123 veterinary radiologists. The majority (89%) of clinicians were satisfied with their imaging reports and stated that they read the radiology report as soon as it was available (92%). Just less than half (48%) of clinicians indicated it was standard of care that a board‐certified veterinary radiologist read all imaging studies. Radiologists and clinicians agreed that a clinical history (98% and 94%, respectively) and clinical question (82% and 68%, respectively) were needed to generate a good radiology report. Fifty‐five percent to 70% of clinicians prefer red bulleted reports, which included incidental findings (96%); while radiologists slightly favored prose reporting (37–46%). Clinicians found it helpful when additional imaging (86%), medical (71%), and surgical recommendations (73%) were made. About one‐third of specialists who had been in practice for >11 years thought they were better able to interpret imaging for their own specialty than the radiologist. Clinicians voiced discontentment with reports that were not completed in a timely manner or did not give a prioritized differential list. Further studies are warranted to provide a more in‐depth evaluation of veterinary radiology reporting structure and style.  相似文献