Evaluation of Transmittance and Reflectance Pulse Oximetry in a Canine Model of Hypotension and Desaturation     

Linda J. Barton DVM  Jennifer J. Devey DVM  Steven Gorski BSt  Louis Mainiero MSt  Daniel DeBehnke MD  FACEP 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》1996,6(1):21-28

Ten, anesthetized dogs were instrumented with three pulse oximeter probes; two lingual transmittance probes and one rectal reflective probe. Arterial oxygen desaturation was produced by decreasing the inspired oxygen concentration. Hypotension was produced with an infusion of nitroprusside. Simultaneous pulse oximeter readings (SpO₂) were compared to co-oximeter measured arterial saturation (SaO₂) collected over a range of SaO₂ (50–100%) and mean arterial pressures (40–100mmHg). Each of the monitors and means of evaluating SpO₂ studied provided accurate SpO₂ measurements over a range of mean arterial pressure from 40–100mmHg. All of the monitors tested tended to overestimate the SaO₂ when the arterial saturation was less than 70%.  相似文献   

In vivo kinetic study on uptake and distribution of intramuscular tritium-labeled polysulfated glycosaminoglycan in equine body fluid compartments and articular cartilage in an osteochondrial defect model     

Daniel J. Burba DVM  Michael A. Collier DVM  Lawrence E. Default PhD  Olivia Hanson-Painton PhD  Harold C. Thompson Jr.  Claude L. Holder 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1993,13(12):696-703

The uptake and distribution of intramuscularly (IM) administered tritium-labeled polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (³H-PSGAG) in serum, synovial fluid, and articular cartilage of eight horses was quantitated, and hyaluronic acid (HA) concentration of the middle carpal joint was evaluated in a pharmacokinetic study. A full-thickness articular cartilage defect, created on the distal articular surface of the left radial carpal bone of each horse served as an osteochondral defect model. ³H-PSGAG (500 mg) was injected IM, between 14 and 35 days after creation of the defects. Scintillation analysis of serum and synovial fluid, collected from both middle carpal joints at specific predetermined times up to 96 hours post-injection, revealed mean ³H-PSGAG concentrations peaked at 2 hours post-injection. ³H-PSGAG was detected in cartilage and subchondral bone 96 hours post-injection in samples from all eight horses. There were no statistically significant differences in ³H-PSGAG concentration of synovial fluid or cartilage between cartilage defect and control (right middle carpal) joints.

HA assay of synovial fluid revealed concentrations significantly increased at 24, 48, and 96 hours post-injection in both joints. The concentration nearly doubled 48 hours post-injection. However, no statistically significant differences were found between synovial concentrations of HA in cartilage defect and control joints.

³H-PSGAG administered IM to horses, was distributed in the blood, synovial fluid, and articular cartilage. HA concentrations in synovial fluid increased after IM administration of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan.  相似文献   

The ticks of the natural focus of tick-borne encephalitis of sheep and man in the Rhodope Mountains (Bulgaria)     

B Georgiev  B Rosicky  P Pavlov  M Daniel  D Arnaudov 《Folia parasitologica》1971,18(3):267-273

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Ixodid ticks of Barun Glacier region (the Nepal Himalaya)     

M Daniel 《Folia parasitologica》1979,26(4):337-341

During the 3rd Czechoslovak mountaineering expedition to the Himalaya in the spring 1973 ticks of the family Ixodidae were collected from small mammals and additionally from pastured sheep, and humans. The tick material represented the following species: Ixodes (P.) ovatus Neumann, 1899, Ixodes (I.) acutitarsus (Karsch, 1880) and Haemaphysalis (A.) aponommoides Warburton, 1921. Ecological and zoogeographical characteristics of the ticks found are given and their potential medical importance is discussed.  相似文献   

Hepatic vascular anomaly in a calf          下载免费PDF全文

Olchowy TW  Daniel GB  Tucker RL  Petersen MG 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1992,33(2):131-133

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Apoplastic redox metabolism: Synergistic phenolic oxidation and a novel oxidative burst     

C. Jacyn Baker  Daniel P. Roberts  Norton M. Mock  Bruce D. Whitaker  Kenneth L. Deahl  Andrey A. Aver&#x;yanov 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2005,67(6):1322

The plant apoplast is an important mediator of communication between the cell cytoplasm and its surroundings. Plant cell suspensions offer a convenient model system to gain insight into apoplastic physiology. Here, we describe a novel phenomenon that took place when two naturally occurring phenolics were added together to either soybean or tobacco cell suspensions. Acetosyringone (AS) and/or hydroxyacetophenone (HAP), phenolics found in the extracellular/apoplast of tobacco cells, were added to soybean or tobacco cell suspensions undergoing an oxidative burst. Individually, AS appeared to be utilized as a typical peroxidase substrate to scavenge hydrogen peroxide, while HAP was utilized at a much lower rate. However, when added together the rate of utilization of both phenolics increased and surprisingly resulted in the production of hydrogen peroxide. We have further characterized this novel phenomenon in suspension cells. This study demonstrates that certain phenolics in plants can cause co-oxidation which, as in animals, could alter the structure and bioactivity of surrounding phenolics.  相似文献   

How to perform transvenous electrical cardioversion in horses with atrial fibrillation   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

M. Kimberly J. McGurrin DVM  Dipl ACVIM  Peter W. Physick-Sheard BVSc  MSc  FRCVS  Daniel G. Kenney DVM  Dipl ACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2005,7(2):109

Electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation is a well-established technique for restoration of sinus rhythm in humans. While transthoracic cardioversion is more commonly used, transvenous electrical cardioversion (TVEC) has been reported as having higher efficacy at substantially lower energy levels. In horses, treatment of atrial fibrillation has essentially been limited to the administration of quinidine salts either orally or intravenously. TVEC provides an alternative to quinidine salts, especially for those animals in which quinidine is neither effective nor tolerated. The present report details this technique in horses, discusses possible complications of the procedure, and provides guidance for successful outcome. Still and video images are used to illustrate details with regard to TVEC techniques in horses. Please view supplemental material for the videos.  相似文献   

Effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentration antibiotic levels and temperature on growth kinetics and outer membrane protein expression in Mannheimia haemolytica and Haemophilus somnus          下载免费PDF全文

Brenda Y. Reeks  Franklin R. Champlin  Daniel B. Paulsen  Daniel W. Scruggs    Mark L. Lawrence 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2005,69(1):1-10

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of 2 veterinary antibiotic preparations, chlortetracycline (CTC) and chlortetracycline-sulfamethazine (CTC + SMZ), on growth kinetics and outer membrane protein expression in Mannheimia haemolytica and Haemophilus somnus at normal and febrile body temperatures. Sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of both antibiotics reduced the growth rates of M. haemolytica and H. somnus. Growth of both species was not inhibited when grown at 41 degrees C compared to 37 degrees C. There was no detectable consistent effect of antibiotic or temperature on outer membrane protein expression for either species. Our study indicates that sub-MIC levels of CTC and CTC + SMZ markedly impair growth of clinical M. haemolytica and H. somnus isolates, potentially allowing more effective host clearance during infection.  相似文献   

Corrigendum to “A placebo-controlled trial of two intranasal vaccines to prevent tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) in dogs entering a humane shelter” [Prev. Vet. Med. 62 (2004) 89–99]     

Charlotte H. Edinboro  Michael P. Ward  Larry T. Glickman 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,69(3-4):309-310

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The urbanization of wildlife management: Social science, conflict, and decision making     

Michael E. Patterson  Jessica M. Montag  Daniel R. Williams 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2003,1(3):171-183

Increasing urbanization of rural landscapes has created new challenges for wildlife management. In addition to changes in the physical landscape, urbanization has also produced changes in the socio-cultural landscape. The greater distancing from direct interaction with wildlife in urbanized societies has led to the emergence of a culture whose meanings for wildlife are less grounded in the utilitarian/instrumental orientation of rural agrarian systems. Urban perspectives on wildlife are comprised of more highly individualized emotional/symbolic values. This shift creates two problems with respect to managing wildlife in an urbanizing landscape. First the increased diversity in values and meanings increases the likelihood for social conflicts regarding wildlife management while at the same time making socially acceptable resolutions more intractable. This in turn requires fundamental changes in decision-making paradigms and the research approaches used to inform decision making. Second, as remaining rural communities feel the pressures of urbanization, wildlife conflicts become conflicts not just over wildlife but conflict over larger socio-political concepts such as equity, tradition, private property rights, government control, power, and acceptable forms of knowledge. This paper examines the wildlife management implications of changes associated with increasing urbanization and employs two case studies to illustrate these issues. First a study of a controversy over urban deer management provides insights into how to map conflicting values and search for common ground in an urban culture with increasingly individualistic values for wildlife. Specifically, the analysis illustrates that common ground may, at times, be found even among people with conflicting value systems. The second case study examined a ranching community faced with predator reintroduction. This case study illustrates tensions that occur when the community of interest (i.e. a national public) is broader than the community of place in which the problem occurs. In this latter situation, the debate centers around more than just different views about the rights of animals. It also entailed the rights of individuals and communities to decide their future. The conclusion discusses the need for wildlife institutions to adapt their underlying decision making philosophy including the way science is integrated into decision making processes in light of the changes in social context caused by urbanization.  相似文献