Activity of glutathione S-transferase toward some herbicides and its regulation by benoxacor in non-embryogenic callus and in vitro regenerated tissues of Zea mays     

Daniele Del Buono  Alvaro Standardi 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2006,85(2):61-67

A procedure was developed to obtain non-embryogenic callus and regenerated lines from root segments of Zea mays grown in aseptic conditions. The activity of glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs), for non-embryogenic callus, was determined toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) and it was compared with that obtained for corn seedlings grown without hormones. For the callus masses, increases of specific activity toward CDNB and the kinetic parameter V_max were observed with respect to corn seedlings. The procedure permitted the regenerating of tissues from callus explants, therefore the GST(CDNB) activity and the effect of the safener benoxacor on its expression were investigated for the regenerated tissues grown in agarized substrate and in liquid medium. These explants showed a constitutive GST(CDNB) activity higher than corn seedlings and this activity was increased, for both tissues, in response to the presence of the safener benoxacor in the growing medium. The GST activity for the above tissues was also assayed toward benoxacor and terbuthylazine, metolachlor and fluorodifen herbicides. Measurable GST activity was found toward some of the above chemicals and it was found to be significantly enhanced in response to benoxacor treatment.  相似文献   

A rapid chronometric assay of peroxidase activity in citrus leaf discs     

A. Torrecillas  A. Leon  F. Del Amor  M.C. Martinez-Mompean 《Scientia Horticulturae》1985,26(3):273-277

A rapid peroxidase assay is proposed, using 3-mm diameter leaf discs, and based on the chronometric measurement of the oxidation of ascorbic acid, which is detected by means of the appearance of the blue colour of the benzidine-coupled reaction.The proposed method is adequately reproducible and sensitive for the diagnosis of iron deficiency in citrus.  相似文献   

Closing wedge ostectomy and medial distal tibia plate application for treatment of severe bilateral angular limb deformities in the hindlimbs of an 8-month-old foal     

B. Lindt  A. E. Fürst  F. Del Chicca  A. Malbon  M. A. Jackson 《Equine Veterinary Education》2022,34(6):e218-e227

This case report describes the evaluation, surgical approach and outcome of an 8-month-old foal with severe angular limb deformities of both metatarsophalangeal joints (MTPJ). Radiography and computed tomography (CT) were used to diagnose a windswept deformity of the hindlimbs with associated bilateral physitis. The orthopaedic surgery was planned and rehearsed using three-dimensional (3D) bone models. A bilateral closing wedge ostectomy was performed on the distal MtIII, and 3.5 mm LCP^® medial distal tibia plates were used bilaterally for osteosynthesis. Even though convalescence was prolonged and complicated by partial unilateral implant failure and osteoarthritis (OA), reduction of the deformities was successful and resulted in a sound foal.  相似文献   

Closed reduction and surgical fixation of elbow joint luxation in an adult mare and in a 3-month-old foal using knotless bone anchors and FiberTape     

G. Fridel  A. E. Fürst  A. Pozzi  F. Del Chicca  M. A. Jackson 《Equine Veterinary Education》2022,34(7):e274-e281

This report describes the successful surgical stabilisation of elbow joint luxation using knotless bone anchors and FiberTape to repair the medial collateral ligament in an 11-year-old mare (Case 1) and both medial and lateral collateral ligaments in a 3-month-old foal (Case 2). Radiography (both cases) and computed tomography (Case 2) were used to diagnose subluxation (Case 1) and complete luxation (Case 2) with suspected rupture of both collateral ligaments. Case 1 was supported in a rescue sling for 7 weeks postoperatively to prevent recumbency. Recovery was good, and the mare was sound at the walk at the time of discharge 8 weeks after surgery and 1 year later at the follow-up visit. Case 2 was discharged 3 weeks after surgery and was sound at the trot when re-evaluated 2 and 6 months postoperatively. Although elbow luxation accompanied by torn collateral ligaments is rare in horses, successful outcomes have been described. In the present case report, joint stabilisation and a successful outcome were achieved, for the first time, with closed reduction and an open approach for placement of knotless bone anchors and FiberTape. Limitations of our study included inability to directly assess the integrity of the implants during healing and relying mainly on clinical signs to assess healing.  相似文献   

Relationship between root growth potential and field performance in Aleppo pine     

Antonio D. Del Campo  Rafael M. Navarro-Cerrillo  Javier Hermoso  Antonio J. Ibáñez 《Annals of Forest Science》2007,64(5):541-548

Commercial stocks of Aleppo pine in Spain vary in quality, but there is no accepted standard for evaluating quality. A RGP test was applied to six commercial seedling stocklots at two dates (November, February) and under two test conditions (growth-chamber, greenhouse). The RGP’s predictive ability was evaluated on two contrasting sites. There was a considerable variation in the RGP depending on application date, test conditions and stock factors. The RGP results for November were correlated with each other but they did not explain outplanting performance. The February results in the growth-chamber correlated well with survival at both sites. Regression models explained survival both in the lower (R ² = 97%) and in the higher (R ² = 92%) quality sites. RGP has a valid predictive ability for this species although it is sensitive to the test conditions. In this sense, a shorter and more intensive test performed right before planting may be more reliable.  相似文献   

Effects of two different anesthetic protocols on 64‐MDCT coronary angiography in dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Randi Drees  Rebecca A. Johnson  Marie Pinkerton  Alejandro Munoz Del Rio  Jimmy H. Saunders  Christopher J. François 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2015,56(1):46-54

Heart rate is a major factor influencing diagnostic image quality in computed tomographic coronary artery angiography (MDCT‐CA), with an ideal heart rate of 60–65 beats/min in humans. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare effects of two different clinically applicable anesthetic protocols on cardiovascular parameters and 64‐MDCT‐CA quality in 10 healthy dogs. Scan protocols and bolus volumes were standardized. Image evaluations were performed in random order by a board‐certified veterinary radiologist who was unaware of anesthetic protocols used. Heart rate during image acquisition did not differ between protocols (P = 1), with 80.6 ± 7.5 bpm for protocol A and 79.2 ± 14.2 bpm for protocol B. Mean blood pressure was significantly higher (P > 0.05) using protocol B (protocol A 62.9 ± 9.1 vs. protocol B 72.4 ± 15.9 mmHg). The R‐R intervals allowing for best depiction of individual coronary artery segments were found in the end diastolic period and varied between the 70% and 95% interval. Diagnostic quality was rated excellent, good, and moderate in the majority of the segments evaluated, with higher scores given for more proximal segments and lower for more distal segments, respectively. Blur was the most commonly observed artifact and mainly affected the distal segments. No significant differences were identified between the two protocols for optimal reconstruction interval, diagnostic quality and measured length individual segments, or proximal diameter of the coronary arteries (P = 1). Findings indicated that, when used with a standardized bolus volume, both of these anesthetic protocols yielded diagnostic quality coronary 64‐MDCT‐CA exams in healthy dogs.  相似文献   

Two different approaches for novel extracapsular cranial cruciate ligament reconstruction: an in vitro kinematics study          下载免费PDF全文

F. Cinti  C. Signorelli  N. Lopomo  M. Baracchi  S. Del Magno  A. Foglia  S. Zaffagnini  L. Pisoni 《The Journal of small animal practice》2015,56(6):398-406

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Selective modification of clay minerals for the adsorption of herbicides widely used in olive groves     

Celis R  Trigo C  Facenda G  Hermosín Mdel C  Cornejo J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(16):6650-6658

Ground and surface water contamination by herbicides applied to olive groves in Spain and other Mediterranean countries is demanding strategies to prevent and remediate the environmental problems repeatedly caused by such herbicides. In this study, six different organic cations (L-carnitine, spermine, hexadimethrine, tyramine, phenyltrimethylammonium, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium) were incorporated into Na-rich Wyoming montmorillonite (SWy-2) and Ca-rich Arizona montmorillonite (SAz-1) at two different loadings (50% and 100% of the cation exchange capacity of the clays) as a strategy to enhance the affinity of the clay minerals for three herbicides widely used in olive groves: terbuthylazine, diuron, and MCPA. The modified montmorillonites were characterized and tested as adsorbents of the herbicides through batch adsorption tests. At the experimental conditions used, some of the modified montmorillonites removed more than 95% of the herbicide initially present in aqueous solution, whereas the unmodified clays removed less than 15%. All three herbicides displayed very strong affinities for SAz-1 exchanged with hexadecyltrimethylammonium cations, particularly when these were incorporated at 100% of the cation exchange capacity of the clay mineral. Terbuthylazine and diuron also displayed very strong affinities for SWy-2 exchanged with L-carnitine and spermine, respectively. The chemical characteristics of the organic cation greatly influenced the adsorptive properties of the resultant organoclay. The herbicides were in general reversibly adsorbed by the modified clays. The results indicate that some of the tested modified clays could be suitable for the removal of the assayed herbicides from contaminated water and also as possible supports for the design of slow release formulations of such herbicides to attenuate their environmental impact when used in high-risk scenarios such as olive groves.  相似文献   

Effects of agricultural practices on color, carotenoids composition, and minerals contents of sweet peppers, cv. Almuden     

Pérez-López AJ  López-Nicolas JM  Núñez-Delicado E  Del Amor FM  Carbonell-Barrachina AA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(20):8158-8164

Consumers demand organic products because they believe they are more flavorful and respectful to the environment and human health. The effects of conventional, integrated, and organic farming, grown in a controlled greenhouse, on color, minerals, and carotenoids of sweet pepper fruits ( Capsicum annuum), cv. Almuden, were studied. Experimental results proved that organic farming provided peppers with the highest (a) intensities of red and yellow colors, (b) contents of minerals, and (c) total carotenoids. Integrated fruits presented intermediate values of the quality parameters under study, and conventional fruits were those with the lowest values of minerals, carotenoids, and color intensity. As an example, the concentrations of total carotenoids were 3231, 2493, and 1829 mg kg (-1) for organic, integrated, and conventional sweet peppers, respectively. Finally, organic red peppers could be considered as those having the highest antioxidant activity of all studied peppers (agricultural farming and development stage).  相似文献   

Enhancing Pinus pinea cone production by grafting in a non-native habitat     

Loewe-Muñoz  Verónica  Del Río  Rodrigo  Delard  Claudia  Balzarini  Mónica 《New Forests》2022,53(1):37-55

New Forests - Pinus pinea is an interesting species for its valued pine nuts. Despite the high demand for this nut, the species is mostly harvested from natural forests, because the time elapsed...  相似文献