Comparison between predictions of C and N contents in tropical soils using a Vis–NIR spectrometer including a fibre-optic probe versus a NIR spectrometer including a sample transport module     

Didier Brunet  Martial Bernoux  Bernard G. Barths 《Biosystems Engineering》2008,100(3):448-452

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Above-ground earthworm casts affect water runoff and soil erosion in Northern Vietnam   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pascal Jouquet  Pascal Podwojewski  Nicolas Bottinelli  Jérôme Mathieu  Maigualida Ricoy  Didier Orange  Toan Duc Tran  Christian Valentin 《CATENA》2008

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Myeloperoxidase assay in plasma and peritoneal fluid of horses with gastrointestinal disease   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Sigrid Grulke  Thierry Franck  Monika Gangl  Fabrice Pters  Alexandra Salciccia  Ginette Deby-Dupont    Didier Serteyn 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(1):37-42

Gastrointestinal disorders, especially strangulating intestinal obstructions, are still a major cause of illness and death in the horse. Circulating lipopolysaccharides may activate both neutrophils and monocytes. The activated neutrophils release myeloperoxidase (MPO), a specific enzyme with strong oxidative activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate MPO concentrations in the plasma and peritoneal fluid (PF) of horses with colic and to check the hypothesis that these concentrations would be higher in a case of strangulating obstruction than in cases of nonstrangulating disease. By using a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for equine MPO, we determined the MPO concentrations in horses admitted to a clinic for colic. Horses with nonstrangulating or strangulating obstruction of the large intestine (NSLI or SLI), strangulating obstruction of the small intestine (SSI), or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were compared with healthy horses. The horses with SLI, SSI, or IBD had significantly higher MPO levels in plasma and PF than did those in the other 2 groups. The mean plasma level was significantly higher in the horses with NSLI than in the healthy horses. High MPO values in PF indicated necrotic bowel. These results show that neutrophil activation occurs during nonstrangulating and strangulating intestinal obstruction in horses and that the plasma and PF MPO concentrations may be a marker of the severity of the disease.  相似文献   

Transiliac approach for exposure of lumbosacral intervertebral disk and foramen: technique description     

Carozzo C  Cachon T  Genevois JP  Fau D  Remy D  Daniaux L  Collard F  Viguier E 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(1):27-31

Objective— To describe and evaluate a transiliac approach to the L7–S1 disk and intervertebral foramen in dogs.
Study Design— Cadaver study.
Animals— Fresh canine cadavers (n=10).
Methods— A craniolateral approach was made to each iliac wing of 10 fresh canine mixed breed cadavers. An 18 mm hole was drilled in a standardized position through the iliac wing. The musculature connected to the cranial aspects of the sacral wing was dissected and retracted cranially through this iliac window. Endoscopic exploration of the area was performed.
Results— The foramen and intervertebral disk were clearly observed in all specimens without iatrogenic injury of the L7 nerve branch. Access to the foramen was possible in 16 of 20 specimens without excision of the sacral wing; however, it was always partially excised to observe the intervertebral disk which lies more caudally and ventrally.
Conclusion— Transiliac approach to the lumbosacral joint allows direct exposure of the intervertebral disk and foramen through an iliac window. Endoscopic exploration provided good observation of the intervertebral disk and/or foramen.
Clinical Relevance— Transiliac approach could be used for lateral corpectomy and foraminotomy in dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis caused by ventral or ventrolateral disk protrusion, foramen stenosis, or OCD of the L7–S1 joint. Clinical study will be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of this approach.  相似文献   

Effect of sedation with butorphanol on variables pertaining to the ophthalmic examination in dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Jean‐Yves Douet  Alain Regnier  Agnès Dongay  Sophie Jugant  Géraldine Jourdan  Didier Concordet 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2018,21(5):452-458

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Is acetyl/butyrylcholine specificity a marker for insecticide‐resistance mutations in insect acetylcholinesterase?     

Franois Villatte  Philippe Ziliani  Sandino Estrada‐Mondaca  Philippe Menozzi  Didier Fournier 《Pest management science》2000,56(12):1023-1028

Substrate specificity has been widely studied in vertebrate cholinesterases and it has been shown that two phenylalanines in the acyl pocket of acetylcholinesterase govern the acceptance of the acetyl/butyryl moiety of the choline esters. As an insecticide‐resistance mutation has been evidenced in the acyl pocket of Drosophila melanogaster and Musca domestica acetylcholinesterase we investigated the possibility of linking changes in acetyl/butyrylthiocholine specificity with mutations in insect acetylcholinesterase. We thus analyzed the effect of 28 mutations in Drosophila enzyme on acetyl/butyrylthiocholine, N‐methyl/N‐propyl‐carbamates and ethyl/methyl‐paraoxon preference. It appeared that the highest changes on acetyl/butyrylthiocholine and N‐propyl/N‐methyl‐carbamates preference were due to mutations in the acyl pocket. Nevertheless, other insecticide‐resistance mutations, not located in the acyl pocket, also modified these substrate preferences. Moreover, the effect of mutations in the acyl pocket was hidden when some other insecticide‐resistance mutations were combined in the enzyme. Consequently, acetyl/butyrylthiocholine preference alteration cannot be used as a marker to localize a mutation in the insect AChE. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Partial substitution of fish meal with soybean and cottonseed meals in diets for African bonytongue,Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) fingerlings: effects on growth,feed efficiency and body composition     

Serge‐Eric Monentcham  Jean Kouam  Didier Chuba  Bernard Wathelet  Victor Pouomogne  Patrick Kestemont 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(10):e385-e392

A feeding trial was conducted to examine the suitability of soybean meal (SBM) and cottonseed meal (CSM) as a partial substitute for the dietary protein supplied by fish meal for H. niloticus fingerlings. Fish were fed with four isonitrogenous (350 g kg^?1 crude protein) and isoenergetic (18.8 kJ g^?1 GE) diets in which fish meal protein was gradually replaced by plant protein from a mixture of SBM and CSM (0%, 25%, 50% and 75% in diets 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively). Triplicate groups of fingerlings H. niloticus (mean weight of 5 g) were handfed twice daily to apparent satiation for 60 days inside net hapas. Growth performances (SGR varied from 3.09% to 3.16% day^?1) of fingerlings fed diets containing 0%, 25% and 50% plant protein were not significantly different (P>0.05). At 75% fish meal substitution, growth and feed utilization efficiency indicators were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The carcass composition were also significantly (P<0.05) affected by the replacement level of fish meal, except dry matter and ash. Results suggest that the dietary fish meal protein could efficiently be substituted by a mixture of soybean and cottonseed meals up to 50%, without adverse effects on maximal growth in practical diets for H. niloticus fingerlings.  相似文献   

High colonization by native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of rubber trees in small-holder plantations on low fertility soils in North East Thailand     

Laetitia Herrmann  Lambert Bräu  Agnès Robin  Henri Robain  Wanpen Wiriyakitnateekul  Didier Lesueur 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(7):1041-1048

Rubber tree is a very important crop in Thailand, representing an essential source of income for farmers. In the past two decades, rubber tree plantations have been greatly expanding in unfavorable areas, where climate conditions are difficult and soil fertility is very poor. To optimize latex yields, mineral fertilizers have been widely used. A better understanding of the roles of the biological compartment in soil fertility is essential to determine alternative management practices to sustain soil fertility and optimize latex yields. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widely recognized as beneficial for plants, mainly through their role in improving plant nutrient uptake. The objective of this study was to assess the AMF populations in rubber tree plantations and the impact of both soil characteristics and plantation age on these communities. Our results showed that all rubber trees were highly colonized, regardless of the soil structure and nutrient contents. AMF colonization was not affected by the age of the trees, suggesting that maintaining the symbiosis is likely to be beneficial at all stages. A better understanding and management of the microbial communities would contribute to maintaining or restoring soil fertility, leading to a better tree growth and optimized latex yield.  相似文献   

Evaluation of low-molecular-weight heparin for the prevention of equine laminitis after colic surgery     

Geoffroy de la Rebière de Pouyade  DVM  MSc  ; Sigrid Grulke  DVM  PhD  DECVS  ; Johann Detilleux  DVM  MSc  PhD  DECVPH  ; Alexandra Salciccia  DVM  MSc  ; Denis R. Verwilghen  DVM  MSc  ; Isabelle Caudron  DVM  PhD  DECVS  ; Monika Gangl  MV  MSc  DECVS    Didier D.A. Serteyn  DVM  PhD  DECVA 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2009,19(1):113-119

Objectives – The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of postoperative laminitis in colic cases and to determine if low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is effective in preventing this complication.
Design – Retrospective clinical study.
Animals – Client-owned horses.
Interventions – SC administration of enoxaparin during the postoperative period.
Measurements and Main Results – Medical records of 360 horses undergoing surgery for colic and surviving at least 3 days were evaluated. Fifty-six horses admitted before 1995 did not receive LMWH (control group) and 304 admitted after 1995 received LMWH as a prophylaxis for laminitis (treatment group). Three grades of severity were defined for laminitis. Prevalence and severity of laminitis were compared between the 2 groups. Several parameters recorded on admission (sex, age, breed, site and nature of the disease, heart rate, PCV, gravity score, and shock score) and the administration of LMWH were tested as risk factors in the development of laminitis in a logistic regression procedure. Prevalence and grade of laminitis were significantly lower in the treatment group. Only the absence of LMWH was recognized as a significant risk factor in the logistic regression model.
Conclusions – The administration of LMWH appears to be effective in the prophylaxis of laminitis following colic surgery and may be useful in the postoperative management of these horses.  相似文献   

Defining output-based standards to achieve and maintain tuberculosis freedom in farmed deer, with reference to member states of the European Union     

Simon J. More  Angus R. Cameron  Matthias Greiner  Richard S. Clifton-Hadley  Sandra Correia Rodeia  Douwe Bakker  Mo D. Salman  J. Michael Sharp  Fabrizio De Massis  Alicia Aranaz  M. Beatrice Boniotti  Alessandra Gaffuri  Per Have  Didier Verloo  Michael Woodford  Martin Wierup 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2009,90(3-4):254-267

Within the European Union (EU), detailed legislation has been developed for cattle, but not deer, to minimise disease risks associated with trade in animals and animal products. This legislation is expressed as input-based standards, providing a detailed outline of the activity required (for example, testing of animals and application of defined control measures), on the expectation that an adequate output (for example, confidence in freedom) will be achieved. Input-based standards are at odds with the increasing shift towards output-based standards, particularly in OIE rules governing international trade. In this paper, we define output-based standards to achieve and maintain freedom from tuberculosis (TB) in farmed deer, with reference to EU member states. After considering the probability of freedom achieved for cattle under existing EU legislation, we defined a ‘free farmed deer holding’ as one with a probability of freedom from infection of at least 99%. We then developed an epidemiological model of TB surveillance systems for deer holdings, incorporating different surveillance strategies, including combinations of diagnostic tests, and a variety of different scenarios relating to the potential for introduction of infection. A range of surveillance strategies were identified to achieve and maintain a free farmed deer holding, and worked examples are presented. The surveillance system sensitivity for varying combinations of screening and confirmatory tests in live animals, animals at slaughter and on-farm deaths is also presented. Using a single test at a single point in time, none of the TB tests routinely used in farmed deer is able to achieve an acceptable probability of TB freedom. If repeat testing were undertaken, an acceptable probability of TB freedom could be achieved, with differing combinations of the surveillance system sensitivity, frequency of testing and risk of introduction. The probability of introduction of infection through the importation of infected deer was influenced by the use of a pre-movement test (assumed 90% test sensitivity and negative test results), the TB prevalence in the source herd and the number of animals imported. A surveillance system sensitivity of at least 81% was achieved with different combinations of annual live animal surveillance and surveillance of animals at slaughter or on-farm deaths. This methodology has broad applicability and could also be extended to other diseases in both deer and other species with relevance to trade in animals and animal products.  相似文献