Ex Vivo Equine Medial Tibial Plateau Contact Pressure With an Intact Medial Femoral Condyle,With a Medial Femoral Condylar Defect,and After Placement of a Transcondylar Screw Through the Condylar Defect          下载免费PDF全文

Alvaro G. Bonilla DVM  MS  Jarred M. Williams DVM  MS  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  Alan S. Litsky MD  ScD  Elizabeth M. Santschi DVM  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(3):289-296

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Mechanical Comparison of 3 Anchoring Techniques in the Muscular Process for Laryngoplasty in the Equine Larynx          下载免费PDF全文

Antoine Lechartier DVM  Fabrice Rossignol DVM  Diplomate ECVS  Olivier Brandenberger Dr Med Vet  Amelie Vitte DVM  Céline Mespoulhès‐Rivière DVM  Diplomate ECVS  Anthony Rossignol  Karl Joseph Boening Dr Med Vet  Diplomate ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(3):333-340

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Mechanical Evaluation of Hydrogen Peroxide Gas Plasma Sterilization of Nylon Lines Used for Extra-Articular Stabilization of the Canine Stifle Joint     

MATTHIEU GATINEAU  DMV    LOUIS HUNEAULT  DMV  MSc  Diplomate ACVS    BERTRAND LUSSIER  DMV  MSc  Diplomate ACVS    JOSIANE LEFEVRE-LAVOIE  MSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):48-53

Objective— To compare the effects of hydrogen peroxide gas plasma (HPGP) and ethylene oxide (EO) sterilizations on the mechanical properties of nylon lines used for stabilization of the canine stifle. Secondarily, to compare the performance of crimped and knotted lines.
Study Design— In vitro mechanical evaluation.
Sample Population— Nonsterilized, EO- and HPGP-sterilized specimens of 36.3 kg test nylon leader line (NLL) and 57.8 kg test nylon fishing line (NFL).
Methods— Single strands and looped specimens of NLL or NFL were positioned on a material testing machine. To create looped specimens, NLL were crimped using the Securos system, and NFL were knotted, as used clinically. Elongation (%) and ultimate load (N) variables were studied.
Results— Elongation and ultimate load of NLL groups were not significantly different between EO and HPGP. For NFL, HPGP sterilization led to slightly greater elongation than EO in loops only. Ultimate load of NFL single strands was not significantly different between EO and HPGP, but was higher after HPGP compared with EO in NFL loops. All NLL groups had less elongation and ultimate load than NFL.
Conclusion— The effects of HPGP on NLL compared positively to EO, making HPGP an attractive alternative. As HPGP led to a slightly greater elongation of NFL than EO, the latter could be favored to sterilize NFL. Crimped NLL minimized elongation better than knotted NFL.
Clinical Relevance— Sterilization with HPGP seems a good alternative to EO for NLL. EO may be a better choice for NFL; however, it is difficult to judge the clinical relevance of this result. Crimped NLL minimizes elongation and may help reducing the recurrence of stifle instability postoperatively.  相似文献   

Induration of the Cricoid Cartilage Complicates Prosthetic Laryngoplasty in a Horse     

DANE M. TATARNIUK  JAMES L. CARMALT  MA  VetMB  MVetSc  Diplomate ABVP & ACVS    ANDREW L. ALLEN  DVM  MVetSc  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):128-130

Objective— To report intraoperative complications during needle penetration and suture placement through the cricoid cartilage during a prosthetic laryngoplasty procedure.
Study Design— Case report.
Methods— An 11-year-old American Paint gelding with grade IV left laryngeal hemiplegia underwent a terminal prosthetic laryngoplasty for teaching purposes. Passage of the needle through the cricoid cartilage was difficult and resulted in needle breakage before eventual success using a new needle. The larynx was examined postmortem.
Results— Palpation of the larynx revealed hardening of the cricoid cartilage. Radiographic examination indicated the presence of diffuse radiopaque speckling. Histologic examination did not find accumulations of calcium salts, rather it revealed a loss of proteoglycans within the cricoid cartilage.
Conclusions— Laryngeal mineralization occurs in the horse and human with advancing age. The loss of proteoglycan and subsequent stiffening of the cricoid cartilage likely resulted in the intraoperative complications noted in this report.
Clinical Relevance— Radiographic examination of the larynx before performing a prosthetic laryngoplasty may reveal the presence of areas of increased radiodensity. The interpretation of this is to be made with caution as it may represent mineralization, or hardening due to the changes in proteoglycan concentration, monomer size or charge.  相似文献   

Evaluation of a Collagenase Generated Osteoarthritis Biomarker in the Synovial Fluid from Elbow Joints of Dogs with Medial Coronoid Disease and Unaffected Dogs     

ADAM PRINK  DVM    KEI HAYASHI  DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS    SUN-YOUNG KIM  DVM  MS    JAMES KIM  DVM    AMY KAPATKIN  DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):65-70

Objective— To evaluate whether synovial fluid concentrations of an osteoarthritis biomarker in dysplastic canine elbows with medial coronoid disease (MCD) are elevated compared with unaffected elbows and to determine if these concentrations correlate to the degree of articular cartilage damage.
Study Design— Cross sectional clinical study.
Animals— Dogs (n=19; 35 elbows) with MCD and dogs (8; 16 elbows) with unaffected elbows.
Methods— Concentrations of a collagenase-generated cleavage neoepitope of type II collagen (Col2-3/4C_{long mono}, or C2C) in joint fluid from elbows were analyzed and compared between dogs with MCD and unaffected dogs. Correlation of C2C concentration with subjective grading of articular cartilage surface damage was also evaluated.
Results— Mean (±SD) C2C concentration from MCD dogs was significantly higher (112.3±24.8 ng/mL) than in unaffected dogs (76.1±16.9 ng/mL; P <.05). There was a moderate correlation between cartilage damage grade and increasing C2C concentrations ( P <.05, r=0.62)
Conclusion— C2C concentrations are elevated in the synovial fluid of dogs with MCD compared with unaffected elbows, and a moderate, significant correlation was identified between these concentrations and subjective grading of articular cartilage damage.
Clinical Relevance— This preliminary data suggest that C2C concentrations in synovial fluid may have potential as a biomarker for diagnosis of articular cartilage damage associated with MCD and as a means of objectively determining the degree of articular cartilage damage.  相似文献   

Acquired Jejunal Pseudodiverticula in a Yearling Arabian Filly     

LOUISE L. SOUTHWOOD  BVSc  PhD  Diplomate ACVS  Diplomate ACVECC    JENNIFER COHEN  VMD    EVITA BUSSCHERS  DVM    PERRY HABECKER  VMD  Diplomate ACVP 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):101-106

Objective— To report a case of multiple acquired jejunal pseudodiverticula managed successfully by resection and jejunojejunostomy.
Study Design— Clinical report.
Animals— Arabian filly.
Methods— The filly was referred for signs of acute colic of several hours duration and had a 2-week history of inappetence and weight loss. Three meters of thickened, edematous, and dilated jejunum removed during exploratory celiotomy had an intussusception and numerous diverticula; jejunojejunostomy performed. The pathoanatomic diagnosis was proliferative enteropathy with pseudodiverticula formation and jejunal muscular hypertrophy and diverticulosis. The diverticula appeared to be acquired; however, the exact cause was not determined.
Results— There were no postoperative gastrointestinal complications and 1 year later, the filly was doing well.
Conclusion— Multiple acquired jejunal pseudodiverticula not associated with classic muscular hypertrophy can occur in young horses. Long-term prognosis seemingly can be excellent after resection and jejunojejunostomy.
Clinical Relevance— Compared with other reports of small intestinal diverticula in horses, this case is unique because it was not congenital or associated with classic muscular hypertrophy.  相似文献   

Comparison of 5 Surgical Techniques for Partial Liver Lobectomy in the Dog for Intraoperative Blood Loss and Surgical Time     

Marije Risselada DVM  PhD  Diplomate ECVS  Gary W. Ellison DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS  Maximilian M.R. Polyak M Phil  Jim Van Gilder BS  Kristin Kirkby MS  DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Stanley E. Kim BVSc  MS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(7):856-862

Objective: To compare surgical time and intraoperative blood loss for 5 partial liver lobectomy techniques in the dog. Study Design: Experimental in vivo study. Animals: Dogs (n=10). Methods: Five surgical techniques (SurgiTie^?; LigaSure^?; Ultracision^® Harmonic Scalpel [UAS]; Suction+Clip; Suction+thoracoabdominal stapler [TA]) for partial liver lobectomy in dogs were evaluated and compared for total surgical time and intraoperative blood loss. Body weight, activated clotting time (ACT), heart rate, and intraoperative blood pressure (BP) were recorded. Blood loss was determined by adding the weight of the blood soaked sponges during surgery (1 g=1 mL) to the amount of suctioned blood (mL). Surgical time (in seconds) was determined from the start of the lobectomy until cessation of bleeding from the stump. Mean surgical time and mean blood loss for each technique were compared using a Tukey's multiple comparison test. Results: No significant differences were found between dogs for weight, ACT, heart rate, and intraoperative BP. No complications were seen with the SurgiTie^? technique in 9 of 10 cases. There was no significant difference in surgical time between techniques however there was a significant difference for blood loss; the Suction+Clip method had significantly more blood loss than the other techniques. Conclusions: Skeletonization of the lobar vessels before individually clipping them (Suction+Clip) resulted in a higher blood loss than using Suction+TA, UAS, SurgiTie^? or the LigaSure^? device. The SurgiTie^? appears to be an acceptable method for partial liver lobectomy. Clinical Relevance: Although skeletonization and individually clipping the vessels had the highest blood loss, it still was <7.5% of total blood volume. All 5 techniques should be safe for clinical use in small to medium sized dogs up to 26 kg.  相似文献   

Thoracoscopic Lung Biopsies in Heaves‐Affected Horses Using a Bipolar Tissue Sealing System     

Fabien Relave DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Florent David DVM  M Sc  Diplomate ACVS & ECVS  Mathilde Leclère DVM  Diplomate ACVIM  Kate Alexander DVM  M Sc  Diplomate ACVR  Pierre Hélie DVM  Diplomate ACVP  Michael Meulyzer DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Jean Pierre Lavoie DVM  Diplomate ACVIM  Marcel Marcoux DVM  M Sc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(7):839-846

Objective: To validate the use of the LigaSure? Vessel Sealing System (LVSS) to perform thoracoscopic lung tissue biopsies in heaves‐affected horses. Study design: Prospective clinical study. Animals: Heaves‐affected horses (n=12). Methods: Lung biopsies (n=34) were collected with the LVSS (2–4 biopsies/horse) in horses with and without clinical signs of heaves. Thoracoscope (13th intercostal space [ICS]) and 2 instruments (between the 12–15th ICS) portals were used. Selected clinical and arterial blood gas variables were monitored. Postoperative pneumothorax was evaluated. Depth of thermal injury to the surrounding tissue and representativeness of the biopsies were determined. Results: Mean surgical time was 22.9±8.0 minutes. The complication rate was 5.6%, and primarily related to a focal inadequate sealing of the biopsy margin. Five horses in exacerbation required intraoperative intranasal O₂. Mean PaO₂ was significantly lower in heaves‐affected horses with clinical signs compared with those without clinical signs. Postoperative pneumothorax was detected radiographically after 20 of the 34 procedures. One horse with clinical signs of heaves developed a fatal tension pneumothorax 5 days postoperatively despite close radiographic monitoring. Conclusion: Thoracoscopic lung biopsy using LVSS is a rapid and effective technique to harvest peripheral lung tissues from heaves‐affected horses. Although the complication rate was tolerable, tension pneumothorax was a potential life‐threatening complication because of incomplete lung sealing. Clinical Relevance: LVSS can be used with relative safety to perform thoracoscopic lung biopsy, but close postoperative monitoring is necessary to avoid tension pneumothorax.  相似文献   

Laparoscopic Splenectomy for Treatment of Splenic Hemangiosarcoma in a Dog     

Fabien Collard DVM  Marie‐Eve Nadeau Diplomate ACVIM  éric‐Norman Carmel DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(7):870-872

Objective: To report laparoscopic splenectomy in a dog. Study Design: Clinical report. Animals: Mixed breed dog (n=1). Methods: Hemangiosarcoma was diagnosed by ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration of a splenic mass in an 11‐year‐old, 30 kg, mixed breed dog. No metastatic disease was identified during complete staging (chest radiographs, echocardiogram, and abdominal ultrasonography); however, cystic calculi were identified. Laparoscopic splenectomy using Ligasure V was performed through 3 portals and the calculi were removed by laparoscopic‐assisted cystoscopy. Results: Total surgical time was 2 hours and for laparoscopic splenectomy, 65 minutes. The celiotomy incision for splenic removal was 7 cm. The dog recovered uneventfully and was ambulatory 2 hours postoperatively. Conclusion: Laparoscopy with Ligasure V facilitated successful removal of a spleen with a 3 cm mass. Clinical Relevance: Laparoscopic splenectomy in dogs is feasible for removal of a normal‐sized spleen with a moderate‐sized mass.  相似文献   

Right Dorsal Colon Resection and Bypass for Treatment of Right Dorsal Colitis in a Horse     

Jennifer K. Lane DVM  Jennifer M. Cohen VMD  Diplomate ACVS  Steven T. Zedler VMD  Diplomate ACVS  Anna R. Hollis BVetMed MRCVS  Diplomate ACVIM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(7):879-883

Objective: To describe a novel surgical technique for management of right dorsal colitis in the horse. Study Design: Clinical report. Animals: 14‐year‐old Warmblood gelding. Methods: The horse was referred for treatment of a stromal abscess and signs of right dorsal colitis. Plasma chemistry revealed marked hypoproteinemia. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination showed a thickened right dorsal colon (RDC). Medical treatment was unsuccessful. With the horse in left lateral recumbency under general anesthesia, an approach to the right side of the abdomen through a 16th rib resection was made. The thoracic cavity was entered during the approach. Surgical resection of the RDC and side‐to‐side anastomosis of the diaphragmatic flexure to the small colon (bypass) was performed. The thoracic cavity was closed by attaching the diaphragm to the body wall and air was removed at the completion of surgery. Results: Resection of the RDC and bypass of the resected area was successfully performed. The colic signs and hypoproteinemia resolved. Complications of surgery included a deep surgical site infection with development of a large intrathoracic abscess. The abscess was managed with drainage and long‐term antimicrobial treatment. Conclusion: Right dorsal colitis can be treated successfully with resection and bypass of the RDC. In cases where the thoracic cavity is penetrated during the abdominal approach, the diaphragm should be sutured to the body wall at the beginning of surgery to avoid development of an infection within the thoracic cavity. Clinical Relevance: RDC resection and bypass may be an alternative approach for management of horses with right dorsal colitis.  相似文献