Mycotic omasitis and rumenitis as sequelae to sepsis in dairy cattle: six cases (1979-1986)     

R W Sweeney  T J Divers  D M Gillette  R H Whitlock 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1989,194(4):552-553

Medical records of 6 cows with mycotic rumenitis or omasitis, but no history of grain engorgement, were reviewed. A diagnosis was made at necropsy in all cows, although the condition was suspected before euthanasia in 3 cows. Common clinical findings included inappetence, rumen stasis, fluid rumen contents, and scant, pasty, or loose feces. Postmortem findings included severe ulcerative rumenitis or omasitis, with thrombosis of blood vessels in the submucosa, and branching, septate fungal hyphae abundant in inflamed tissues. In these cows, mycotic omasitis and rumenitis were thought to be sequelae of sepsis, with reflux of abomasal fluid into the forestomach and broad spectrum antimicrobial therapy as possible predisposing factors for mycotic infections.  相似文献   

Intracranial lymphosarcoma in a Holstein bull     

R W Sweeney  T J Divers  E Ziemer  C A Lichtensteiger 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,189(5):555-556

A 2-year-old Holstein bull was examined because of decreased appetite. Clinical signs included head tilt, circling, head pressing, ptosis, hypesthesia of the face, and dysfunction of the parasympathetic component of cranial nerve III. Necropsy revealed intracranial lymphosarcoma.  相似文献   

Clostridium botulinum type B toxicosis in a herd of cattle and a group of mules   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

T J Divers  R C Bartholomew  J B Messick  R H Whitlock  R W Sweeney 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,188(4):382-386

Clostridium botulinum type B toxicosis was diagnosed as the cause of generalized weakness and death in a group of cows and mules fed from the same batch of rye silage. One severely affected cow was treated and recovered, as did other less severely affected cows. All affected mules died. The remaining cattle in the herd were then vaccinated before continued feeding of the silage.  相似文献   

Serum gamma glutamyl transferase activity in horses with right or left dorsal displacements of the large colon     

Gardner RB  Nydam DV  Mohammed HO  Ducharme NG  Divers TJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2005,19(5):761-764

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that horses with right dorsal displacement of the large colon (RDDLC) have elevations in serum gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity when compared with horses with left dorsal displacement of the large colon (LDDLC). Medical records from 37 horses with RDDLC and 48 horses with LDDLC were reviewed. Horses were included for study if the RDDLC or LDDLC was confirmed by exploratory laparotomy or postmortem examination and if a serum GGT measurement was obtained within 24 hours before surgery. The proportion of horses with GGT activity within or above the reference range was determined. Of 37 horses, 18 (49%; exact binomial 95% confidence interval, 32-66%) with RDDLC and, of 48 horses, 1 (2%; 95% CI, 0-11%) with LDDLC had GGT above the reference range. Horses with RDDLC had higher serum GGT than did horses with LDDLC. Of 37 horses, 36 (97%) with RDDLC were discharged with a good prognosis and none returned as a result of hepatic disease. Evaluation of surgical and postmortem examinations revealed that positioning of the colon in horses with RDDLC results in compression of the bile duct, which can cause extrahepatic bile duct obstruction and a subsequent elevation in serum GGT activity.  相似文献   

Variations in serum sorbitol dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, and isoenzyme 5 of lactate dehydrogenase activities in horses given carbon tetrachloride     

W V Bernard  T J Divers 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(5):622-623

Seven horses were given 0.5 mg of carbon tetrachloride/kg of body weight via a nasogastric tube. Subsequent hepatocellular damage was monitored by serum enzyme determinations of sorbitol dehydrogenase, isoenzyme 5 of lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate transaminase activities. Creatinine kinase activity was evaluated as an indicator of muscle cell damage. Sorbitol dehydrogenase, isoenzyme 5 of lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate transaminase activities were significantly (P less than 0.05) increased by 24 hours after carbon tetrachloride administration. Isoenzyme 5 of lactate dehydrogenase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities returned to baseline several days before aspartate transaminase activity returned to baseline. Creatine kinase activity remained unchanged.  相似文献   

Kinetics of gentamicin elimination in two horses with acute renal failure     

R W Sweeney  M MacDonald  J Hall  T J Divers  C R Sweeney 《Equine veterinary journal》1988,20(3):182-184

  相似文献   

Disposition of gentamicin administered intravenously to horses with sepsis.     

R W Sweeney  T J Divers  Y Rossier 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,200(4):503-506

Plasma concentration of gentamicin was measured 1, 4, and 6 hours after IV administration in 35 hospitalized adult horses on days 1, 3, 5, and 10 of treatment. The mean apparent elimination rate constant beta was 0.53 +/- 0.10 h-1 on day 1 for horses with normal plasma creatinine concentration and 0.41 +/- 0.13 h-1 for horses with abnormally high plasma creatinine concentration. There was no significant difference between beta of the hospitalized horses and of 6 healthy horses treated with gentamicin, but total clearance for the hospitalized horses with normal plasma creatinine concentration was significantly greater than that of the healthy horses and the hospitalized horses with abnormally high plasma creatinine concentration. Gentamicin clearance was significantly correlated with plasma creatinine concentration for healthy horses and hospitalized horses, and beta was significantly correlated with plasma creatinine concentration for hospitalized horses. Twelve of the 35 hospitalized horses required an adjustment in gentamicin dosage. Ten required a reduction, 1 an increase, and 1 a change in dosage and interval with no net change in total daily dose. One horse of 35 (2.9%) developed signs compatible with nephrotoxicosis on day 14 of treatment, despite appropriate gentamicin concentrations on day 10.  相似文献   

Extradural undifferentiated sarcoma causing spinal cord compression in 2 horses     

Van Biervliet J  Alcaraz A  Jackson CA  Njaa B  de Lahunta A  Divers TJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2004,18(2):248-251

  相似文献   

Fell Pony syndrome in a pony in North America     

Gardner RB  Hart KA  Stokol T  Divers TJ  Flaminio MJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(1):198-203

A 5-week-old Fell Pony colt was examined for fever, lethargy, and anemia. The colt had been lethargic for 1 week before examination, had continued to nurse, had a temperature of 104°F (40°C), and was treated with ceftiofur (5 mg/kg IM q12h). Approximately 36 hours before examination, the colt developed watery diarrhea. Blood work performed by the referring veterinarian on the day of admission revealed a PCV of 10%.  相似文献   

Fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum) hepatotoxicosis in horses and sheep     

Johnson AL  Divers TJ  Freckleton ML  McKenzie HC  Mitchell E  Cullen JM  McDonough SP 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(6):1414-1421

BACKGROUND: Fourteen horses at a boarding stable in Virginia were diagnosed with hepatic disease and locally grown hay was implicated as the cause. HYPOTHESIS: Panicum dichotomiflorum, the predominant grass species in the hay, is hepatotoxic to horses. ANIMALS: Naturally occurring cases were adult horses of various breeds. Two healthy adult horses and 2 healthy adult sheep were used in feeding trials. METHODS: Blood and liver specimens collected from affected animals during the outbreak were analyzed. Some of the affected animals were treated supportively; the main intervention was hay withdrawal. Feeding trials were not blinded and no treatments were provided. Blood and liver specimens were collected and analyzed throughout the trials. RESULTS: Five affected animals were euthanized, whereas the others recovered. One research horse was euthanized for postmortem examination, and the other research animals recovered after hay withdrawal. All affected animals had evidence of hepatic disease with abnormally high aspartate aminotransferase (AST), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Evaluation of liver biopsy specimens disclosed mild lymphocytic and histiocytic inflammation, mild vacuolar change (hydropic degeneration), prominently clumped chromatin, and necrosis of individual hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Severe hepatotoxicosis developed rapidly after Panicum hay exposure. Patchy hepatocyte necrosis was observed, implicating apoptosis as the mechanism of hepatotoxicosis. Absence of fibrosis in the research animals indicates that immediate withdrawal of Panicum hay should allow all but severely affected animals to recover from acute exposure.  相似文献