New genotype of avian bornavirus in wild geese and trumpeter swans in Canada     

Delnatte P  Berkvens C  Kummrow M  Smith DA  Campbell D  Crawshaw G  Ojkic D  DeLay J 《The Veterinary record》2011,169(4):108

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Characteristics of phosphorus accumulation in soils under organic and conventional farming in plastic film houses in Korea     

Pil Joo Kim  Doug Young Chung  Douglas Malo 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):281-289

Organic farming (OF) is a fast growing alternative for sustainable agriculture in Korea. However, information on the effects of OF on the soil properties and environmental conservation is limited. In order to determine the effects of OF on the soil properties, 31 fields under OF (hereafter referred to as "OF fields") and 61 fields under conventional farming (CF) (hereafter referred to as "CF fields") in plastic film houses were selected throughout Korea and the soil chemical properties were investigated, including the P distribution characteristics. Average organic matter (OM) content was significantly higher (44 g kg^-1) in the OF fields then in the CF fields (24 g kg^-1). Bray-2 P values were 986 and 935 mg kg^-1 in the OF and CF soils, respectively, markedly exceeding the optimum range. Average total P (T-P) values were 2,973 mg kg^-1 in the OF fields and 1,830 mg kg^-1 in the CF fields. The high T-P values were due to repeated application of manure compost with a low N/P ratio. Inorganic P was the dominant fraction with 62–65% of T-P. The amounts of residual and organic P were significantly lower. The level of OF organic P was significantly higher (453 mg kg^-1) compared to the 106 mg kg^-1 value for the CF fields. Fractionation of soil inorganic P showed that Ca-P predominated with 1,332 mg kg^-1 in the OF fields, which was associated with soil pH values over 6.0. The main inorganic P fraction in the CF soils whose pH values were generally less than 6.0 consisted of Al-/Fe-P. The levels of water-soluble P was significantly higher (65 mg kg^-1) in the OF fields than in the CF fields (24 mg kg^-1). These results indicated that the OF system may lead to a serious degradation of the soil environment due to the accumulation of phosphorus and may be an important source of water pollution compared to the CF systems in Korea.  相似文献   

Comparison of spatially explicit forest landscape fire disturbance models     

Chao Li  Harinder Hans  Hugh Barclay  Jianwei Liu  Greg Carlson  Doug Campbell 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008

Comparisons of model behaviors are an efficient way of understanding the differences amongst various models and thus providing guidance to model users for selecting suitable models for their own purposes. This study focuses on a comparison of the most commonly used fire spread algorithms used in scenario fire regime models. This paper provides an overview of fire regime modeling and describes a simulation model, Ecological Disturbance Model, as a simulation shell for such a comparison using the Fort A La Corne forest area in central Saskatchewan, Canada, as the study area. Simulation results suggested that for a fire scenario modeling approach, various fire spread algorithms such as DISPATCH, percolation, and cellular automata (CA) may not result in significant differences between user-defined and simulated fire frequencies; however, significant differences in simulated forest dynamics could result when using different fire spread algorithms. The simulation results from DISPATCH and CA are more similar than those from the percolation algorithm; however, the latter appeared to be a better representative of observed fire spread processes due to its underlying assumption of fire spread mechanisms. Simulation results also suggested that the fire spread algorithms that replicate four or eight direction fire spread in percolation and CA will not make a significant difference in simulated fire regimes or forest dynamics. It is thus recommend that using simulation shells as a tool to take alternative assumptions or models into account to narrow down the uncertainty parameters and avoid the paradoxes in the modeling of natural resource management.  相似文献   

Contrasting influence of flow regime on freshwater fishes displaying diadromous and nondiadromous life histories     

Shannan K. Crow  Doug J. Booker  Ton H. Snelder 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2013,22(1):82-94

Flow variability structures freshwater fish community traits and life‐history patterns such as migration patterns between fresh and saltwater (diadromy). Few studies, however, have explored relationships between diadromy and flow regime while accounting for other abiotic covariables. The present paper used canonical ordinations to remove the shared variation between groups of explanatory variables that explain variation in fish communities and examine two objectives with New Zealand fishes: (i) to compare the unique contributions of Hydrological Regime, Climate, Habitat and Spatial‐Seasonal data sets to the variation of diadromous and nondiadromous fishes and (ii) to compare the relative contributions of a Hydrological Variability and Low‐Flow data set to community structure of both life‐history patterns. All explanatory variables explained a total of 20.15% and 29.58% of the variation in diadromous and nondiadromous fishes, respectively. Objective 1 analyses showed that the largest unique component of variation was explained by Hydrological Regime for nondiadromous fishes (12.17%), while Climate uniquely explained the most variation in diadromous fishes (4.3%), followed closely by Hydrological Regime (3.08%). Objective 2 analyses showed that Hydrological Variability uniquely explained five and 11 times more variation than the Low‐Flow data set in diadromous and nondiadromous fishes, respectively. Findings illustrate the importance of hydrological regime to New Zealand freshwater fishes. Specifically, aspects of hydrological variability uniquely account for more variation than aspects of low flow. Differing relative influences of hydrology between life‐history patterns suggest that diadromy may mediate the influence of flow regime. Results outline difficulties for environmental flow settings when biota display differing life histories.  相似文献   

The identification of a barley haze active protein that influences beer haze stability: The genetic basis of a barley malt haze active protein   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Louise H. Robinson  Peter Healy  Doug C. Stewart  Jason K. Eglinton  Chris M. Ford  David E. Evans 《Journal of Cereal Science》2007,45(3):335-342

In bright beers, the formation of haze is a serious quality problem, which places limitations on the storage life of the product. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) immunoblot analysis using an antiserum that was raised against a silica eluate (SE) protein fraction (obtained from silica gel, used for the colloidal stabilisation of beer), detected a range of protein bands in barley, malt, beer and haze. A polymorphism was observed in which some barley varieties contained a molecular weight (MW) 12,000 band (SE +ve) while in other varieties this band was absent (SE −ve). A survey of 219 Australian and international barley varieties, including a comprehensive selection of current and past malting varieties, identified 181 varieties as SE +ve, and 38 varieties as SE −ve. Previous pilot brewing trials demonstrated that SE −ve varieties are desirable as the beer brewed from the malt of these varieties formed less haze after accelerated ageing than beers brewed using SE +ve malt varieties. The genetic basis for the absence of the SE protein was conferred by a recessive allele at a single locus. Interval mapping analysis showed that the MW 12,000 band mapped to the short arm of chromosome 3H.  相似文献   

Serum lactoferrin and immunoglobulin G concentrations in healthy or ill neonatal foals and healthy adult horses     

Barton MH  Hurley D  Norton N  Heusner G  Costa L  Jones S  Byars D  Watanabe K 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(6):1457-1462

BACKGROUND: Lactoferrin is a colostral glycoprotein with antimicrobial properties. HYPOTHESES: (1) Serum lactoferrin and immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations are correlated and increase in healthy foals after ingestion of colostrum; (2) compared to healthy foals, ill foals will have lower lactoferrin concentrations that correlate with their IgG concentration, neutrophil count, the diagnosis of sepsis, and survival; and (3) plasma concentrations of lactoferrin will be less than serum concentrations. ANIMALS: Healthy foals (n = 16), mature horses (n = 10), and ill foals 1-4 days old (n = 111) that were examined for suspected sepsis were used for blood collection. Colostrum was obtained from 10 healthy mares unrelated to the foals. METHODS: Blood was obtained from the healthy foals at birth and 1-3 days of age and from the ill foals at admission. Serum IgG was quantified by single radial immunodiffusion (SRID). Lactoferrin concentrations in colostrum and blood were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. The sepsis score, blood culture results, neutrophil counts, and survival were obtained on ill foals. RESULTS: The mean colostral lactoferrin concentration was 21.7 microg/mL. Compared to values at birth, serum IgG (18+/-2 versus 2,921+/-245 mg/dL, SEM) and lactoferrin (249+/-39 versus 445+/-63 ng/mL, SEM) concentrations were significantly greater in healthy foals 1-3 days old. Serum lactoferrin concentration in 1-3-day-old healthy foals was not different from mature horses or ill foals. IgG and lactoferrin concentrations were significantly correlated only in healthy foals. Serum lactoferrin concentrations were significantly lower in ill neutropenic foals. The serum IgG concentration was significantly lower in ill foals as compared to healthy foals. Only serum IgG was significantly less in ill foals with a positive sepsis score and in nonsurvivors, Plasma lactoferrin concentrations were lower than serum concentrations, although values were significantly correlated. CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Although both serum IgG and lactoferrin concentrations increase in healthy foals after ingestion of colostrum, only serum IgG is significantly correlated with the sepsis score and outcome.  相似文献   

Effect of kennel noise on hearing in dogs     

Scheifele P  Martin D  Clark JG  Kemper D  Wells J 《American journal of veterinary research》2012,73(4):482-489

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Journal impact factor     

Hare D 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2005,46(8):679-681

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Transparency in publications     

Hare D 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2005,46(10):863-864

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A new Journal feature — Student Papers          下载免费PDF全文

Doug Hare 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1998,39(10):605

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