Laryngoplasty in Standing Horses          下载免费PDF全文

Fabrice Rossignol DVM  Dipl EVCS  Amélie Vitte DVM  Josef Boening DVM  Dipl ECVS  Michael Maher DVM  Antoine Lechartier DVM  Olivier Brandenberger DVM  Manuel Martin‐Flores DVM  Dipl ACVA  Hayley Lang DVM  Wade Walker DVM  Norm G. Ducharme DVM  Dipl ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(3):341-347

  相似文献   

Superficial digital flexor tendon lesions in racehorses as a sequela to muscle fatigue: a preliminary study     

Butcher MT  Hermanson JW  Ducharme NG  Mitchell LM  Soderholm LV  Bertram JE 《Equine veterinary journal》2007,39(6):540-545

REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Racing and training related lesions of the forelimb superficial digital flexor tendon are a common career ending injury to racehorses but aetiology and/or predisposing causes of the injury are not completely understood. OBJECTIVES: Although the injury takes place within the tendon, the lesion must be considered within the context of the function of the complete suspensory system of the distal limb, including the associated muscles. METHODS: Both muscle and tendon function were investigated in vivo using implanted strain gauges in 3 Thoroughbred horses walking, trotting and cantering on a motorised treadmill. These data were combined with assessments of muscle architecture and fibre composition to arrive at an overview of the contribution of each muscle-tendon unit during locomotion. RESULTS: The superficial digital flexor muscle has fatigue-resistant and high force production properties that allow its tendon to store and return elastic energy, predominantly at the trot. As running speed increases, deep digital flexor tendon force increases and it stabilises hyperextension of the fetlock, thus reinforcing the superficial digital flexor in limb load support. The deep digital flexor muscle has fast contracting properties that render it susceptible to fatigue. CONCLUSION: Based on these measurements and supporting evidence from the literature, it is proposed that overloading of the superficial digital flexor tendon results from fatigue of the synergistic, faster contracting deep digital flexor muscle. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Future research investigating distal limb system function as a whole should help refine clinical diagnostic procedures and exercise training approaches that will lead to more effective prevention and treatment of digital flexor tendon injuries in equine athletes.  相似文献   

Complication of partial stylohyoidectomy for treatment of temporohyoid osteoarthropathy and an alternative surgical technique in three cases     

Pease AP  van Biervliet J  Dykes NL  Divers TJ  Ducharme NG 《Equine veterinary journal》2004,36(6):546-550

  相似文献   

Arthroscopic reattachment of osteochondritis dissecans lesions using resorbable polydioxanone pins     

Nixon AJ  Fortier LA  Goodrich LR  Ducharme NG 《Equine veterinary journal》2004,36(5):376-383

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Debridement of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) cartilage lesions results in fibrocartilage and imperfect hyaline repair tissue, and forms a permanent irregularity to the subchondral bone plate. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical, radiographic and outcome effects of OCD cartilage flap reattachment for select lesions as an alternative to OCD debridement. HYPOTHESIS: Separated cartilage flaps resulting from OCD lesions may be re-incorporated into the hyaline cartilage surface by reattachment rather than debridement and removal. METHODS: Resorbable polydioxanone pins were used to reattach OCD flap lesions in 16 joints of 12 horses. Criteria for attachment, rather than removal, included an unmineralised cartilage flap on preoperative radiographs and a relatively smooth surface with some residual perimeter attachment at surgery. RESULTS: There were 12 subjects, 6 males and 6 females, 7 Thoroughbred or Standardbred weanlings, 3 Warmbloods, 1 Arabian and 1 Quarter Horse, mean age at surgery 6.8 months. All horses had effusion of the affected femoropatellar joint (n = 9), tarsocrural joint (n = 1) or fetlock (n = 2). Radiographic lesions varied in length between 1.8-6.3 cm; reattachment was used in 16 of 18 affected joints and the OCD cartilage was not satisfactory for salvage in 2 stifles. Number of pins required was 2-10. One horse was subjected to euthanasia due to a tendon laceration 8 weeks after surgery; of the remaining 11 horses, mean duration of follow-up was 3.9 years (range 4 months-8 years). Nine of these were sound and had entered work, while 2 were sound but remained unbroken 4 and 6 months post operatively, respectively. Radiographic resolution of the OCD lesion occurred in 14 of 16 pinned joints in the 9 horses with long-term follow-up. The 2 remaining joints had a 3 and a 5 mm mineralised flap in the original defect sites. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated cartilage flap reattachment was an alternative to removal in selected OCD lesions. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Relatively smooth OCD cartilage flaps may be salvaged by reattachment and can result in normal radiographic subchondral contour and a high likelihood of athletic performance. Further case numbers are required to determine which lesions are too irregular or contain too much mineral for effective incorporation after reattachment.  相似文献   

Can an external device prevent dorsal displacement of the soft palate during strenuous exercise?     

Woodie JB  Ducharme NG  Hackett RP  Erb HN  Mitchell LM  Soderholm LV 《Equine veterinary journal》2005,37(5):425-429

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) is a common condition in racehorses for which various surgical treatments are often performed. In light of recent findings that suggested the position of the larynx may influence the occurrence of DDSP, we investigated whether a noninvasive mean of affecting the position of the larynx could be effective in the management of DDSP. HYPOTHESIS: An external device (laryngohyoid support; LHS) positioning the larynx in a more rostral and dorsal location and preventing caudal displacement of the basihyoid bone would be effective in preventing DDSP during strenuous exercise. METHODS: Ten horses were exercised on a high-speed treadmill under 4 different treatment conditions: control (n = 10); control with external device (n = 10); after bilateral resection of thyrohyoid (TH) muscles (n = 7); and after bilateral resection of TH muscles with external device (n = 7). Two trials were performed randomly for each of the 4 conditions. In Trial 1, videoendoscopic images of the upper airway, pharyngeal and tracheal static pressures, and arterial blood gases were collected. In Trial 2, airflow measurement combined with mask and tracheal static pressure was obtained, and upper airway impedance calculated. The trials allowed calculation of airway impedance and respiratory frequency, and assessment of ventilation using arterial PO2 and PCO2. RESULTS: Under control conditions, none of the 10 horses developed DDSP. There was no statistically significant effect from the LHS on airway impedance or respiratory frequency, nor on arterial PO2 and PCO2. Seven of the 10 horses developed DDSP during exercise after resection of the TH muscles. None of these 7 horses continued to experience DDSP during exercise with the external device. In the latter group and condition, the LHS significantly improved inspiratory and expiratory flow and impedance. CONCLUSIONS: The LHS helped prevent experimentally induced DDSP at exercise, probably by statically positioning the larynx in a more rostral and dorsal position. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Field studies are required to investigate whether the LHS can successfully prevent DDSP in horses with naturally occurring disease.  相似文献   

Activity of selected rostral and caudal hyoid muscles in clinically normal horses during strenuous exercise     

Morello SL  Ducharme NG  Hackett RP  Warnick LD  Mitchell LM  Soderholm LV 《American journal of veterinary research》2008,69(5):682-689

OBJECTIVE: To determine the phase and quantitate the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the genioglossus, geniohyoideus, hyoepiglotticus, omohyoideus, sternohyoideus, sternothyroideus, and thyrohyoideus muscles of clinically normal horses during strenuous exercise. ANIMALS: 7 clinically normal adult horses (2 Thoroughbreds and 5 Standardbreds). PROCEDURES: Bipolar electrodes were surgically implanted in the aforementioned muscles, and horses were subjected to an incremental exercise test on a high-speed treadmill. The EMG, heart rate, respiratory rate, and static pharyngeal airway pressures were measured during exercise. The EMG was measured as mean electrical activity (MEA). The MEA values for maximal exercise intensity (13 or 14 m/s) were expressed as a percentage of the MEA measured at an exercise intensity of 6 m/s. RESULTS: MEA was detected during expiration in the genioglossus, geniohyoideus, sternohyoideus, and thyrohyoideus muscles and during inspiration in the hyoepiglotticus and sternothyroideus muscles. Intensity of the MEA increased significantly with exercise intensity in the genioglossus, geniohyoideus, and hyoepiglotticus muscles. Intensity of the MEA increased significantly in relation to expiratory pharyngeal pressure in the geniohyoideus and hyoepiglotticus muscles. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Once exercise intensity reached 6 m/s, no quantifiable additional increase in muscular activity was detected in the omohyoideus, sternohyoideus, sternothyroideus, and thyrohyoideus muscles. However, muscles that may affect the diameter of the oropharynx (genioglossus and geniohyoideus muscles) or rima glottis (hyoepiglotticus muscle) had activity correlated with the intensity of exercise or expiratory pharyngeal pressures. Activity of the muscles affecting the geometry of the oropharynx may be important in the pathophysiologic processes associated with nasopharyngeal patency.  相似文献   

Analysis of factors influencing prognosis in foals with septic arthritis     

Vos NJ  Ducharme NG 《Irish veterinary journal》2008,61(2):102-106

The purpose of this paper was to identify factors that would positively or negatively affect the short-term survival rate of foals with septic arthritis. Medical records of 81 foals (≤seven months of age) with a clinical diagnosis of septic arthritis, referred to the equine hospital at Cornell University Hospital for Animals, between 1994 and 2003 were reviewed. Signalment, age at presentation, number of affected joints, joint fluid parameters, bacterial agents, treatment modalities and year of treatment were compared between survivors and nonsurvivors. Sixty-two of 81 foals (77%) were discharged from the hospital and classified as 'survivors'. Multiple joint involvement and detection of intra-articular Gram-negative, mixed bacterial infection and degenerate neutrophils were negatively associated with short-term survival. Initiation of treatment within 24 hrs of onset of clinical signs and combination of treatment modalities were positively correlated with survival. Further investigation is needed to determine if these two factors have a similar influence on athletic performance.  相似文献   

Colonic atresia in cattle: A prospective study of 43 cases          下载免费PDF全文

Ducharme NG  Arighi M  Horney FD  Barker IK  Livesey MA  Hurtig MH  Johnson RP 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(10):818-824

This prospective study was initiated to document the success rate obtained in the treatment of colonic atresia in calves, identify factors that influence survival rate, and to report the histopathological appearance of the proximal blind end of the ascending colon. Forty-three calves with intestinal obstruction due to colonic atresia were admitted to the Ontario Veterinary College between September 1982 and May 1986. Parameters recorded prospectively in this study included age, breed, sex, history, vital signs, acid-base and electrolyte status, location of intestinal atresia, medical and surgical management, and outcome. The typical history and clinical signs included failure to pass meconium or feces, decreased appetite, and progressive depression and abdominal distension. The most common site of colonic atresia was the midportion of the spiral loop of the ascending colon (n = 25). Of the 43 calves, three (7%) were euthanized at surgery, 21 (49%) died in the hospital, and 19 (44%) survived and were discharged from the hospital. Four of the surviving calves died subsequent to discharge giving an overall long-term (mean 15.9 months) survival rate of 35%. No significant risk factors were identified, although experienced surgeons showed a trend towards increased survival rate.  相似文献   

Theriogenology question of the month     

RM Radcliffe  TH Witte  SL Fubini  NG Ducharme  SH Cheong  RO Gilbert 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2012,241(4):439-442

  相似文献   

Management of postoperative dysphagia after prosthetic laryngoplasty or arytenoidectomy     

Lauren K. Luedke DVM  Jonathan Cheetham VetMB  PhD  DACVS  Hussni O. Mohammed PhD  Norm G. Ducharme DVM  DACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(3):529-539

  相似文献