Expression of a glycoprotein hormone receptor gene in the ovary of the bullseye puffer (Sphoeroides annulatus)     

J.N. Gutiérrez  N.J. Duncan  N. García-Aguilar  P.V. Estañol  A. García-Gasca 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2003,28(1-4):341-342

A fragment of a glycoprotein hormone receptor (GpHR) gene was isolated from the ovary of the bullseye puffer. This cDNA fragment showed similarity to the thyrotropin (TSH) and gonadotropin (LH and FSH) receptors. GpHR mRNA expression in the ovary gradually increased during oocyte maturation.  相似文献   

Whole blood manganese concentrations in dogs with primary hepatitis     

S. Kilpatrick  A. Jacinto  R. D. Foale  S. W. Tappin  C. Burton  P. E. Frowde  C. M. Elwood  R. Powell  A. Duncan  R. J. Mellanby  A. G. Gow 《The Journal of small animal practice》2014,55(5):241-246

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Coil Embolization of a Palatine Artery Pseudoaneurysm in a Gelding     

Nathaniel R. McClellan DVM  Margaret C. Mudge VMD  Diplomate ACVS  ACVECC  Brian A. Scansen DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVIM  Stephen S. Jung MD  FACR  Duncan Russell BVMS  Diplomate ACVP 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2014,43(4):487-494

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Gamna‐Gandy bodies: a case of mistaken identity in the spleen of a cat     

Julia K. Ryseff  Colleen Duncan  Gabriella Sfiligoi  Paul R. Avery 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2014,43(1):94-100

A 4‐year‐old, female spayed Domestic Shorthair cat was presented for a 2‐day history of lethargy, anorexia, and vomiting. Diagnostic assessments revealed a severe, regenerative anemia and the presence of a solitary, 3 × 4 cm splenic mass. Cytologic examination of fine‐needle aspirates of the splenic mass showed sheets of pleomorphic histiocytic cells with numerous intracellular and extracellular, negatively staining to deeply basophilic, branching structures. These structures were typically of thin uniform thickness with random angled branching that formed geometrical shapes and fragments, occasionally with sharpened ends and a crystalline appearance. Septal‐like divisions were irregularly spaced along some of the linear branches. The cytology was interpreted as a probable histiocytic inflammatory response to the unidentified foreign material with histiocytic sarcoma as a differential diagnosis. Histopathologic evaluation of the splenic mass resulted in a diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma. The branching material stained positively for both iron and calcium, indicating that the material was compatible with Gamna‐Gandy bodies present secondary to tumor‐associated hemorrhage and the formation of calcium–iron complexes.  相似文献   

Effects of high‐fat and high‐carbohydrate diets on fat and carbohydrate oxidation and plasma metabolites in healthy cats     

M. A. Gooding  E. A. Flickinger  J. L. Atkinson  I. J. H. Duncan  A. K. Shoveller 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2014,98(3):596-607

High‐fat (HF) or high‐carbohydrate (HC) diets (30% fat, 18.9% carbohydrate; HF and 10% fat, 46.3% carbohydrate; HC) and lengths of adaptation were investigated in cats (Felis catus; 10 ± 2 months, 3.6 ± 0.3 kg). Cats randomly received each treatment for 14 days in a crossover design with a 14‐day washout period between each diet. Three 22‐h indirect calorimetry studies were conducted after acute (day 0), semichronic (day 4) and chronic (day 13) dietary exposure. Blood samples were collected after a 24‐h fast on days 1, 5 and 14. When cats consumed the HC and HF diet, oxidation of the restricted nutrient exceeded intake while oxidation of the nutrient in excess matched intake. Mean max energy expenditure (EE) of cats consuming the HF and HC diet were 107 and 102 kcal/kg^0.67/day and occurred at a mean of 4 and 12 h post‐feeding respectively. Maximal fat (0.90 g/h) and carbohydrate (carbohydrate; 1.42 g/h) oxidation were attained at 26 min and 10.4 h post‐feeding respectively. The changes observed in macronutrient oxidation and EE suggest that cats adapt whole‐body nutrient metabolism in response to changes in dietary macronutrient content, but may require longer than 14 day to adapt to a macronutrient that is present at a lower concentration in the diet.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary thyroid hormones on the red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)     

HaeYoung Lee Moon  Duncan S. MacKenzie  Delbert M. Gatlin III 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1994,12(5):369-380

Four separate 8-week feeding trials were conducted to assess the effects of supplementing semipurified diets with either triiodothyronine (T₃) or thyroxine (T₄) at 0, 2, 10, and 50 mg/kg on growth and body composition of juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) held in artificial brackish water (6‰) and artificial seawater (32‰). At both levels of salinity, increasing doses of T₃ resulted in fish with reduced weight gain, feed efficiency, condition factor (weight × 100/length³), and muscle ratio (muscle weight × 100/body weight), as well as a lighter body color. Significant (p < 0.05) effects of T₃ on the proximate composition of whole body, liver, and muscle were variable, generally reflecting decreased lipid and protein storage in liver and muscle, respectively. The two highest doses of T₃ given to seawater adapted fish increased survival. Dietary T₄ supplementation had no distinctive effects on appearance, growth or proximate body composition. These results indicate that whereas T₃ may function to regulate protein and lipid metabolism in red drum, dietary supplementation with T₃ leads to a hyperthyroidism-induced catabolic state. The elevated endogenous thyroid hormone levels found in fish fed optimal diets may thus adequately supply tissue needs during juvenile growth.  相似文献   

Feasibility and repeatability of cold and mechanical quantitative sensory testing in normal dogs     

Jessica D. Briley  Morika D. Williams  Mila Freire  Emily H. Griffith  B. Duncan X. Lascelles 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2014,199(2):245-250

Feasibility and inter-session repeatability of cold and mechanical quantitative sensory testing (QST) were assessed in 24 normal dogs. Cold thermal latencies were evaluated using a thermal probe (0 °C) applied to three pelvic limb sites. Mechanical thresholds were measured using an electronic von Frey anesthesiometer (EVF) and a blunt-probed pressure algometer (PA) applied to the dorsal aspect of the metatarsus. All QST trials were performed with dogs in lateral recumbency. Collection of cold QST data was easy (feasible) in 19/24 (79%) dogs. However, only 18.4%, 18.9% and 13.2% of cold QST trials elicited a response at the medial tibia, third digital pad and plantar metatarsal regions, respectively. Collection of mechanical QST data was easy (feasible) in 20/24 (83%) dogs for both EVF and PA.At consecutive sampling times, approximately 2 weeks apart, the average EVF sensory thresholds were 414 ± 186 g and 379 ± 166 g, respectively, and the average PA sensory thresholds were 1089 ± 414 g and 1028 ± 331 g, respectively. There was no significant difference in inter-session or inter-limb threshold values for either mechanical QST device. The cold QST protocol in this study was achievable, but did not provide consistently quantifiable results. Both mechanical QST devices tested provided repeatable, reliable sensory threshold measurements in normal, client-owned dogs. These findings contribute to the validation of the EVF and PA as tools to obtain repeated QST data over time in dogs to assess somatosensory processing changes.  相似文献   

Treatment of shrimp farm effluent with omnivorous finfish and artificial substrates   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dirk Erler  Peter Pollard  Peter Duncan  & Wayne Knibb 《Aquaculture Research》2004,35(9):816-827

Long‐term environmental sustainability and community acceptance of the shrimp farming industry in Australia requires on‐going development of efficient cost‐effective effluent treatment options. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a shrimp farm treatment system containing finfish and vertical artificial substrates (VAS). This was achieved by (1) quantifying the individual and collective effects of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) and VASs on water and sediment quality, and (2) comparing the retention of N in treatment systems with and without the presence of finfish (M. cephalus and the siganid Siganus nebulosus (Quoy & Gaimard)), where light was selectively removed. Artificial substrates were found to significantly improve the settlement of particulate material, regardless of the presence of finfish. Mullet actively resuspended settled solids and reduced the production of nitrate when artificial substrates were absent. However, appreciable nitrification was observed when mullet were present together with artificial substrates. The total quantity of N retained by the mullet was found to be 1.8– 2.4% of the incoming pond effluent N. It was estimated that only 21% of the pond effluent N was available for mullet consumption. When S. nebulosus was added, total finfish N retention increased from 1.8% to 3.9%, N retention by mullet also improved (78±16 to 132±21‐mg N day^?1 before and after siganid addition respectively). Presence of filamentous macroalgae (Enteromorpha spp.) was found to improve the removal of N from pond effluent relative to treatments where light was excluded. Denitrification was also a significant sink for N (up to 24% N removed). Despite the absence of algal productivity and greater availability of nitrate, denitrification was not higher in treatments where light was excluded. Mullet were found to have no effect on the rates of denitrification but significantly reduced macroalgal growth on the surface of the water. When mullet were absent, excessive macroalgal growth led to reduced dissolved oxygen concentrations and nitrification. This study concludes that the culture of mullet alone in shrimp farm effluent treatment systems does not result in significant retention of N but can contribute to the control of macroalgal biomass. To improve N retention and removal, further work should focus on polyculturing a range of species and also on improving denitrification.  相似文献   

Eight urgent,fundamental and simultaneous steps needed to restore ocean health,and the consequences for humanity and the planet of inaction or delay     

Dan Laffoley  John M. Baxter  Diva J. Amon  Duncan E.J. Currie  Craig A. Downs  Jason M. Hall‐Spencer  Harriet Harden‐Davies  Richard Page  Chris P. Reid  Callum M. Roberts  Alex Rogers  Thorsten Thiele  Charles R.C. Sheppard  Rashid U. Sumaila  Lucy C. Woodall 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2020,30(1):194-208

1. The ocean crisis is urgent and central to human wellbeing and life on Earth; past and current activities are damaging the planet's main life support system for future generations. We are witnessing an increase in ocean heat, disturbance, acidification, bio‐invasions and nutrients, and reducing oxygen levels. Several of these act like ratchets: once detrimental or negative changes have occurred, they may lock in place and may not be reversible, especially at gross ecological and ocean process scales.
2. Each change may represent a loss to humanity of resources, ecosystem function, oxygen production and species. The longer we pursue unsuitable actions, the more we close the path to recovery and better ocean health and greater benefits for humanity in the future.
3. We stand at a critical juncture and have identified eight priority issues that need to be addressed in unison to help avert a potential ecological disaster in the global ocean. They form a purposely ambitious agenda for global governance and are aimed at informing decision‐makers at a high level. They should also be of interest to the general public.
4. Of all the themes, the highest priority is to rigorously address global warming and limit surface temperature rise to 1.5°C by 2100, as warming is the pre‐eminent factor driving change in the ocean. The other themes are establishing a robust and comprehensive High Seas Treaty, enforcing existing standards for Marine Protected Areas and expanding their coverage, especially in terms of high levels of protection, adopting a precautionary pause on deep‐sea mining, ending overfishing and destructive fishing practices, radically reducing marine pollution, putting in place a financing mechanism for ocean management and protection, and lastly, scaling up science/data gathering and facilitating data sharing.
5. By implementing all eight measures in unison, as a coordinated strategy, we can build resilience to climate change, help sustain fisheries productivity, particularly for low‐income countries dependent on fisheries, protect coasts (e.g. via soft‐engineering/habitat‐based approaches), promote mitigation (e.g. carbon storage) and enable improved adaptation to rapid global change.

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Pathophysiology of Haemonchus placei infection in calves.     

S M Gennari  M C Bressan  J R Rogero  J M MacLean  J L Duncan 《Veterinary parasitology》1991,38(2-3):163-172

This study was conducted to investigate the pathophysiology of Haemonchus placei infection in Friesian calves. Seven calves were divided into two groups, three uninfected calves (control group) and four infected animals. The latter group were infected orally with 500 H. placei larvae kg-1 body weight. Five weeks after infection they were all housed in metabolic crates and injected with 125I-bovine albumin. 51Cr-red cells and 59Fe-transferrin, to study albumin metabolism, erythrokinetics and ferrokinetics. The results showed that there was a significant reduction in the mean haematocrit values and reduced weight gains in the infected calves compared with the controls. There was also a change in the distribution of albumin from the extravascular to the intravascular pool and a significant increase in the plasma and blood volumes of infected calves although the blood and albumin loss via the gastrointestinal tract recorded in this study was similar in both groups.  相似文献