Soil organic carbon in cropping sequences with predominance of soya bean in the argentinean humid Pampas     

Juan P. Martinez  Cecilia Crespo  Hernán Sainz Rozas  Hernán Echeverría  Guillermo Studdert  Fernado Martinez  Graciela Cordone  Pablo Barbieri 《Soil Use and Management》2020,36(1):173-183

Soya bean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) monoculture can lead to a decrease in labile fractions of soil organic carbon (SOC). This study sought to evaluate the effects of cover crops (CC), application of fertilizer, and crop rotation on SOC, particulate organic carbon (POC), and soil carbon input in soya bean-based crop sequences under a no-till cropping system in the Argentinean Humid Pampas. Five crop sequences at two sites differing in initial SOC were evaluated: continuous soya bean (Sb), continuous soya bean fertilized with phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) (Sbf), grass CC / PS-fertilized soya bean (CC/Sbf), nitrogen (N)-fertilized CC / PS-fertilized soya bean (CCf/Sbf) and NPS-fertilized crop rotation with high intensification sequence index (ISI) (Rot). At 0–5 cm, SOC and POC were higher (p < .05) in the sequences with higher residue-C supply (CC/Sbf; CCf/Sbf and Rot) at both sites. Changes in SOC at 0–20 cm simulated by AMG model closely tracked measured results at 0–20 cm. Findings from this study suggest that the inclusion of CC or crop rotation with high ISI improved C balance in soils under crop sequences with soya bean predominance.  相似文献   

Hemangiosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a dog     

S A Martinez  A J Schulman 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1988,192(5):655-656

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ARE WASHING and PREINCUBATION OF BOAR SPERMATOZOA REALLY NECESSARY TO PENETRATE PIG OOCYTES UNDER IN VITRO CONDITIONS?     

E. Martinez  J.M. Vàzquez  C. Matas  J. Roca 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1996,31(2):317-320

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Evaluation of the milling technique on the component‐bone interface in the TATE elbow     

Mark J. Gosling  Fernando Martinez‐Taboada  Gerard te Lintelo  Neil J. Burton 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2019,48(1):50-56

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Tendon Volume Determination on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Supraspinatus Tendinopathy          下载免费PDF全文

Benjamin F. Spall  Boel A. Fransson  Steve A. Martinez  Thomas E. Wilkinson 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2016,45(3):386-391

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Achievements and future perspectives of embryo transfer technology in pigs     

Emilio A. Martinez  Cristina A. Martinez  Josep M. Cambra  Carolina Maside  Xiomara Lucas  Jose L. Vazquez  Juan Maria Vazquez  Jordi Roca  Heriberto Rodriguez‐Martinez  Maria Antonia Gil  Inmaculada Parrilla  Cristina Cuello 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(Z4):4-13

Commercial embryo transfer (ET) has unprecedented productive and economic implications for the pig sector. However, pig ET has been considered utopian for decades mainly because of the requirements of surgical techniques for embryo collection and embryo deposition into recipients, alongside challenges to preserve embryos. This situation has drastically changed in the last decade since the current technology allows non‐surgical ET and short‐ and long‐term embryo preservation. Here, we provide a brief review of the improvements in porcine ET achieved by our laboratory in the past 20 years. This review includes several aspects of non‐surgical ET technology and different issues affecting ET programmes and embryo preservation systems. The future perspectives of ET technology are also considered. We will refer only to embryos produced in vivo since they are the only type of embryos with possible short‐term use in pig production.  相似文献   

Genetic characterization of the autochthonous sheep populations from Chiapas, Mexico     

J. Quiroz  A.M. Martinez  L. Zaragoza  R. Perezgrovas  J.L. Vega-Pla  J.V. Delgado 《Livestock Science》2008,116(1-3):156-161

The Tzotziles, a Mayan native group located in Chiapas, Southern Mexico, have sheep breeding as one of their principal means of subsistence. Sheep were introduced in the Americas by the Spaniards in the first half of the XVI Century. Three populations of sheep from Chiapas—Café, Chamula and Chiapas—were typed with 27 microsatellites. Genetic distances were calculated for three Iberian breeds, Spanish Merino, Churra, two Canary Islands breeds, Canaria and Palmera, and the French Mutton Merino (Precoce). In the case of Chiapas sheep most of the markers showed Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and the fixation index of Fst (0.095) showed a moderate level of genetic differentiation. The three distinct sheep subpopulations (Café, Chamula and Chiapas) are genetically differentiated inside the Chiapas sheep population. These breeds could be historically related to Spanish sheep populations, but have diverged significantly as a result of genetic drift and selection.  相似文献   

Partially defatted black soldier fly larva meal inclusion in piglet diets: effects on the growth performance,nutrient digestibility,blood profile,gut morphology and histological features     

Ilaria Biasato  Manuela Renna  Francesco Gai  Sihem Dabbou  Marco Meneguz  Giovanni Perona  Silvia Martinez  Ana Cristina Barroeta Lajusticia  Stefania Bergagna  Luca Sardi  Maria Teresa Capucchio  Enrico Bressan  Andrea Dama  Achille Schiavone  Laura Gasco 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2019,(3)

Background: The aim of this trial was to investigate the effects of different inclusion levels of a partial y defatted black soldier fly(BSF, Hermetia il ucens L.) larva meal on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile, gut morphology and histological features of piglets. A total of 48 newly weaned piglets were individual y weighed(initial body weight(IBW): 6.1 ± 0.16 kg) and randomly al ocated to 3 dietary treatments(4 boxes as replicates/treatment and 4 animals/box). BSF larva meal was included at increasing levels(0% [BSF0], 5% [BSF5] and 10% [BSF10]) in isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets formulated for two feeding phases: I(from d 1 to d 23) and I(from d 24 to d 61). The weight gain(WG), average daily gain(ADG), average daily feed intake(ADFI) and feed conversion ratio(FCR) were calculated for each feeding phase and for the whole trial. The haematochemical parameters and nutrient digestibility of the piglets were also evaluated. A total of 3 piglets per box were slaughtered on d 61 and the slaughtered piglets were submitted to morphometric investigations and histopathological examinations.Results: No overal significant differences were observed for growth performance(P 0.05), except for the ADFI of phase I, which showed a linear response to increasing BSF meal levels(P 0.05, maximum for the BSF10 group). Dietary BSF meal inclusion did not significantly influence the blood profile, except as far as monocytes and neutrophils are concerned,and these showed a linear and quadratic response, respectively, to increasing BSF meal levels(P 0.05, maximum for the BSF10 and BSF5 groups, respectively). On the other hand, the nutrient digestibility, gut morphology and histological features were not affected by dietary BSF meal inclusion(P 0.05).Conclusions: The obtained results show that a partial y defatted BSF larva meal can be used as a feed ingredient in diets for weaned piglets without negatively affecting their growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile, gut morphology or histological features.  相似文献   

Mathematical modeling and simulation in animal health. Part III: Using nonlinear mixed‐effects to characterize and quantify variability in drug pharmacokinetics          下载免费PDF全文

C. Bon  P. L. Toutain  D. Concordet  R. Gehring  T. Martin‐Jimenez  J. Smith  L. Pelligand  M. Martinez  T. Whittem  J. E. Riviere  J. P. Mochel 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(2):171-183

A common feature of human and veterinary pharmacokinetics is the importance of identifying and quantifying the key determinants of between‐patient variability in drug disposition and effects. Some of these attributes are already well known to the field of human pharmacology such as bodyweight, age, or sex, while others are more specific to veterinary medicine, such as species, breed, and social behavior. Identification of these attributes has the potential to allow a better and more tailored use of therapeutic drugs both in companion and food‐producing animals. Nonlinear mixed effects (NLME) have been purposely designed to characterize the sources of variability in drug disposition and response. The NLME approach can be used to explore the impact of population‐associated variables on the relationship between drug administration, systemic exposure, and the levels of drug residues in tissues. The latter, while different from the method used by the US Food and Drug Administration for setting official withdrawal times (WT) can also be beneficial for estimating WT of approved animal drug products when used in an extralabel manner. Finally, NLME can also prove useful to optimize dosing schedules, or to analyze sparse data collected in situations where intensive blood collection is technically challenging, as in small animal species presenting limited blood volume such as poultry and fish.  相似文献   

Detection of hepatitis E virus RNA in saliva for diagnosis of acute infection          下载免费PDF全文

A. Rivero‐Juarez  M. Frias  P. Lopez‐Lopez  A. Martinez‐Peinado  M. Á. Risalde  T. Brieva  I. Machuca  Á. Camacho  I. García‐Bocanegra  J. C. Gomez‐Villamandos  A. Rivero 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(5):584-588

Diagnosis of acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is established by detection of anti‐HEV IgM antibodies by ELISA or by amplification of serum viral RNA. Here, we evaluate the diagnostic value of testing HEV RNA in saliva to identify patients with acute HEV infection. Prospective proof‐of‐concept study including patients with acute hepatitis. Whole blood and neat saliva samples were obtained from all patients. Saliva samples were processed and analysed for HEV RNA by RT‐PCR within 2 hr after collection. A total of 34 patients with acute hepatitis and 12 healthy donors were included in the study. HEV RNA in serum was confirmed by RT‐PCR in eight of these patients (23.5%; 95% CI: 12.2%–40.2%). HEV was isolated in the saliva of eight of 34 patients (23.5%; 95% CI: 12.2%–40.2%). All patients with HEV RNA amplified in saliva had detectable HEV RNA in serum. HEV was isolated neither in the saliva of any of the 26 patients without detectable HEV RNA in serum nor in healthy donors. Our study suggests that acute HEV infection could be diagnosed by assessing viral load in saliva.  相似文献