Small intestinal pseudodiverticulosis in a pony mare     

Hannah R. Leventhal  Anna M. Hassebroek  Francisco Carvallo  Harold C. McKenzie 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(6):1123

A 14-y-old pony mare was referred after 30-d duration of intermittent pyrexia, anorexia, weight loss, and change in manure consistency. Physical examination revealed a palpable but reducible ventral abdominal mass. Transabdominal ultrasonography revealed multiple distended, hypomotile, and thickened small intestinal loops in close approximation with numerous, well-defined, hyperechoic masses. There was a large amount of echogenic peritoneal fluid; abdominocentesis revealed a neutrophilic and macrophagic inflammatory exudate, and a mixed bacterial population was cultured. Given the poor prognosis, the mare was euthanized. The autopsy findings included a large abdominal abscess, serosanguineous peritoneal fluid with fibrin strands, and ~50 outpouches communicating with the lumen and extending from the anti-mesenteric aspect of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. These structures were classified as pseudodiverticula based on the histologic absence of the tunica muscularis layer of the intestinal wall. Pseudodiverticula should be included as a differential etiology in horses when clinical signs consistent with colic, diarrhea, or weight loss are recognized and, when on examination, one or more organized masses are palpated or visualized on transabdominal ultrasound, as well as visualization of small intestinal loops with thickened walls.  相似文献   

Soil moisture and water use by pastures and silvopastures in a sub-humid temperate climate in New Zealand   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

K. M. Pollock  Donald J. Mead  B. A. McKenzie 《Agroforestry Systems》2009,75(3):223-238

Soil moisture content from 0 to 2 m depth was monitored under 2–6 year old radiata pine (Pinus radiata) with three understoreys of bare ground, lucerne (Medicago sativa) and ryegrass/clover (Lolium perenne/Trifolium spp.) and under adjacent open-grown lucerne and ryegrass/clover pastures. By the fifth year soil moisture depletion/recharge pattern under the trees alone was similar to that under open pasture and under trees with pasture understoreys. Maximum plant available moisture storage was 207–223 mm in the top meter of this Templeton silt loam soil but only 69–104 mm at 1–2 m depth where coarse textures often predominated. Lucerne reduced soil moisture content (SMC) to lower levels during drier summers and extracted more water from 1 to 2 m depth than ryegrass/clover. Evapotranspiration (ET) during early summer when soil moisture was high was close to the Penman potential evapotranspiration (E _p ), but the difference increased when SMC in the top meter dropped below 200 mm. The silvopasture treatments had higher ET in winter than pasture alone but this was still less than E _p . Soil moisture deficits (SMD) at the end of each summer were sufficiently large to require slightly higher than normal winter rainfall and ET < E _p to recharge the soil to field capacity before the next summer. The soil moisture results, taken together with root and growth data, suggest that trees and understorey pastures are complementary in the first three or four growing seasons but this balance subsequently declines in favor of the pine trees. Management options, to extend the period that understorey pastures are productive, include reducing tree stockings, more vigorous pruning, using competitive understoreys and changing from pines to deciduous trees. Research on new silvopastoral combinations is suggested.  相似文献   

Aspiration of barium-impregnated polyethylene spheres by a dog     

V Greci  SA Bissett  CN Copple  EC Hawkins 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(5):166-168

This case report describes an 11-year-old Belgian Malinois dog with acute onset of cough caused by aspiration of barium-impregnated polyethylene spheres (BIPS) and pneumonia following an episode of suspected gastric dilation. Although bronchoscopic retrieval of the BIPS was largely unsuccessful, the dog recovered uneventfully, with most of the BIPS being coughed out and swallowed over a 1-month period. Aspiration of BIPS should be considered a potential complication of their administration. Furthermore, endoscopic removal of aspirated BIPS is challenging and may not be indicated because of their inert nature and possible self-clearance.  相似文献   

Targeted identification of genomic regions using TAGdb     

Daniel J Marshall  Alice Hayward  Dominic Eales  Michael Imelfort  Jiri Stiller  Paul J Berkman  Terry Clark  Megan McKenzie  Kaitao Lai  Chris Duran  Jacqueline Batley  David Edwards 《Plant methods》2010,6(1):1-6

Background

The introduction of second generation sequencing technology has enabled the cost effective sequencing of genomes and the identification of large numbers of genes and gene promoters. However, the assembly of DNA sequences to create a representation of the complete genome sequence remains costly, especially for the larger and more complex plant genomes.

Results

We have developed an online database, TAGdb, that enables researchers to identify paired read sequences that share identity with a submitted query sequence. These tags can be used to design oligonucleotide primers for the PCR amplification of the region in the target genome.

Conclusions

The ability to produce large numbers of paired read genome tags using second generation sequencing provides a cost effective method for the identification of genes and promoters in large, complex or orphan species without the need for whole genome assembly.  相似文献   

Efficacy of Hyperimmunized Plasma in the Treatment of Horses with Acute Colitis     

Rachel P. Atherton  Martin O. Furr  Harold C. McKenzie  Anne M. Desrochers 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2011,31(1):19-25

Colitis in the adult horse is a life-threatening clinical condition that can be caused by any of several enteric pathogens. This study was conducted to determine whether treating horses with plasma obtained from donors that were hyperimmunized against the common equine diarrheal pathogens Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella sp shortens the duration of diarrhea in acute colitis. To evaluate the efficacy of plasma treatment, 42 horses with acute onset of diarrhea were studied. Horses were enrolled if they were of age >1 year, duration of diarrhea at presentation was <72 hours, and they had not received equine plasma within the last 3 months. In addition, the serum cortisol concentrations of horses with acute diarrhea were studied.Horses were randomized to receive hyperimmunized plasma, control plasma (collected from nonimmunized horses), or no plasma therapy. Clinical parameters and fecal consistency were observed until resolution, discharge, or death, and complete blood counts (CBCs) and biochemical profiles were collected throughout the study. A total of 38 horses completed the study. The mean duration of diarrhea was 40.7 ± 9.8 (mean ± SEM) hours, 119.2 ± 56.1 hours, and 72.0 ± 24.5 hours for the hyperimmunized plasma, normal plasma (NP), and control groups, respectively. Using survival analysis techniques, this difference did not achieve statistical significance (P = .374). Serum cortisol was found to be increased in all horses at presentation and to decrease with time in all treatment groups. There was no difference in cortisol concentrations between the three treatment groups studied (P = .237).  相似文献   

Biofortification of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit with the anticancer compound methylselenocysteine using a selenocysteine methyltransferase from a selenium hyperaccumulator     

Brummell DA  Watson LM  Pathirana R  Joyce NI  West PJ  Hunter DA  McKenzie MJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(20):10987-10994

Methylselenocysteine (MeSeCys) is an amino acid derivative that possesses potent anticancer activity in animals. Plants that can tolerate growth on soils with high Se content, known as Se hyperaccumulators, do so by converting inorganic Se to MeSeCys by the enzyme selenocysteine methyltransferase (SMT). A cDNA encoding the SMT from a Se hyperaccumulator was overexpressed in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Transgenic plants were provided with selenite or selenate to the roots during fruit development, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to show that MeSeCys accumulated in the fruit but not in the leaves. Depending on the transgenic line and Se treatment, up to 16% of the total Se in the fruit was present as MeSeCys. MeSeCys was produced more effectively from selenite on a percentage conversion basis, but greater accumulation of MeSeCys could be achieved from selenate due to its better translocation from the roots. MeSeCys was heat stable and survived processing of the fruit to tomato juice.  相似文献   

Norsesquiterpene glycosides in bracken ferns (Pteridium esculentum and Pteridium aquilinum subsp. wightianum) from Eastern Australia: reassessed poisoning risk to animals     

Fletcher MT  Brock IJ  Reichmann KG  McKenzie RA  Blaney BJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(9):5133-5138

Austral bracken Pteridium esculentum contains three unstable norsesquiterpene glycosides: ptaquiloside, ptesculentoside, and caudatoside, in variable proportions. The concentration of each of the glycosides was determined in this study as their respective degradation products, pterosin B, pterosin G and pterosin A, by HPLC-UV analysis. Samples of P. esculentum collected from six sites in eastern Australia contained up to 17 mg of total glycoside/g DW, with both ptaquiloside and ptesculentoside present as major components accompanied by smaller amounts of caudatoside. Ratios of ptaquiloside to ptesculentoside varied from 1:3 to 4:3, but in all Australian samples ptesculentoside was a significant component. This profile differed substantially from that of P. esculentum from New Zealand, which contained only small amounts of both ptesculentoside and caudatoside, with ptaquiloside as the dominant component. A similar profile with ptaquiloside as the dominant glycoside was obtained for Pteridium aquilinum subsp. wightianum (previously P. revolutum ) from northern Queensland and also P. aquilinum from European sources. Ptesculentoside has chemical reactivity similar to that of ptaquiloside and presumably biological activity similar to that of this potent carcinogen. The presence of this additional reactive glycoside in Australian P. esculentum implies greater toxicity for consuming animals than previously estimated from ptaquiloside content alone.  相似文献   

Factors associated with the risk of positive blood culture in neonatal foals presented to a referral center (2000-2014)     

Martin Furr  Harold McKenzie III 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(6):2738-2750

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Pharmacokinetics and safety of repeated oral dosing of acetaminophen in adult horses     

M. A. Mercer  H. C. McKenzie  J. L. Davis  K. E. Wilson  D. R. Hodgson  T. E. Cecere  B. J. McIntosh 《Equine veterinary journal》2020,52(1):120-125

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The influence of NH4 +‐N vs. NO3 ‐‐n nutrition on root reductant release by fe‐stressed sorghum 1     

D.B. McKenzie  L.R. Hossner  R.J. Newton 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10):1289-1301

The effect of NH₄ ⁺ ‐N on root reduction capacity developed during Fe stress was investigated in plants grown in a CaCO₃ buffered nutrient solution. After a 3‐day period of Fe stress, reduction capacity was not increased by the presence of NH₄ ⁺ ‐N in the growth medium or in the extracting solution. Since reductant degradation over time was pH dependent, experiments measuring root reductant release into nutrient solution would be confounded by treatments with different solution pH values. In an unbuffered nutrient solution a differential NH₄ ⁺ uptake due to the cultivar would affect solution pH and interfere with a reliable interpretation of reductant measurements.  相似文献