Lameness in three-year-old standardbred trotters—Influence of parameters determined during the first year of life     

G. Gaustad DVM  P. Kjrsgaard MSc  N.I. Dolvik DVM  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1995,15(5)

The aim of the study was to use parameters determined during the first year of life in order to predict risk of lameness at three years of age. A total of 265 Standardbred trotters with previously recorded radiographic changes of the tarsocrural, metacarpo- and metatarsophalangeal joints were randomly examined as three-year-olds for an epidemiologic study of lameness. Eighty horses were classified as sound and 185 horses as lame with moderate and severe symptoms in 138 and 47 horses, respectively. The variables included in the study were gender, radiographic groups, period of birth, feeding rations in the first winter and sire index calculated as the frequency of lame horses in each progeny group.A significant difference in sire index and period of birth was found in the initial statistical analysis between sound, moderately and severely lame horses. All the variables were entered in a multivariate logistic regression model. A stepwise procedure was performed and resulted in contribution of the sire index (p<0.01) and group 2 (p=0.05) (presence of radiographic changes other than palmar/plantar bony fragments in the metacarpo- and metatarsophalangeal joints). The risk of lameness increased with approximately a factor of 2.0 for every 10% increase in sire index for the presence of the actual radiographic change. At a given value of sire index, the risk of lameness increased with a factor of 5.3 if radiographic changes other than palmar/plantar bony fragments in the metacarpo- and metatarsophalangeal joints were present. Normal findings or other radiographic changes, gender, feeding rations and period of birth did not influence the risk of lameness.  相似文献   

降解地膜对南疆棉田土壤水热及棉花产量的影响   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

吴凤全  林涛  祖米来提&#;吐尔干  邓方宁  尔晨  何文清  汤秋香 《农业环境科学学报》2018,37(12):2793-2801

为探讨降解地膜对南疆棉田土壤水热及棉花产量的影响,选取3种氧化-生物双降解地膜[天壮1号(T-1)、天壮2号(T-2)、天壮3号(T-3)]及一种新型生物降解地膜(HS),以PE普通地膜为对照,通过测定棉田降解地膜的降解情况及土壤水热,计算其棉田耗水及土壤生长度日,筛选适宜南疆棉田生产的降解地膜。结果表明:在棉花进入吐絮期时,T-3和HS的降解率达88.6%和58.7%,而T-1和T-2仅为15.9%和13.4%。不同降解地膜对棉田的水热状况也存在一定影响,对于生育期总耗水量而言,T-3和PE的耗水量较大,为688.6 mm和690.7 mm,但T-3的耗水模数明显高于PE处理。在土壤生长度日上,4种降解地膜在棉花全生育期土壤生长度日均低于PE地膜,其中T-3和HS的土壤生长度日比PE地膜低了294.3℃·d和222.8℃·d。在棉花产量和水分利用效率上,T-1比PE高6.2%和7.2%,HS明显低于PE地膜,但T-3和PE地膜差异不大。综上,T-1和T-2增温保墒效果好,产量较高,但降解效果差。T-3降解速度较好,增温保墒的性能低于PE地膜,但能够满足作物对温度和水分的需求,使棉花产量和水分利用效率接近PE地膜。因此,在南疆棉田降解地膜T-3替代PE地膜应用于棉花生产具有一定的可行性。  相似文献   

单宁酶的研究进展   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

苏二正  夏涛  张正竹 《茶业通报》2004,26(1):16-19

详细介绍了单宁酶的来源、生产、提取、纯化及其物理化学和生物学性质,并概述了它的固定化技术。  相似文献   

Fortification of pork loins with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and its effect on flavour     

William J Meadus  Tyler D Turner  Michael ER Dugan  Jennifer L Aalhus  Pascale Duff  David Rolland  Bethany Uttaro  Lorna L Gibson 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2013,4(1):46

Pork is traditionally low in docosahexanoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) and deficient in omega-3 fats for a balanced human diet. DHA as triglycerides was commercially prepared from the microalgae Schizochytrium and injected into fresh pork loins. Treatments of a mixed brine control (CON), 3.1% sunflower oil in mixed brine (SF) and a 3.1% DHA oil in mixed brine (DHA) were injected into pork loins at 10 mL/100 g and grilled at 205°C. After cooking, the CON and SF pork loins contained 0.03 to 0.05 mg DHA/g of pork and the DHA injected loins contained approximately 1.46 mg DHA/g. This also changed the fatty acid profile of omega-6: omega-3 from, 5 to 1 in the CON pork, to a ratio of 1.7 to 1 in DHA pork. The appearance, odor, oxidation rates and sensory taste, as judged by a trained panel, determined the DHA injected meat to be, ''slightly desirable’ and gave lower ''off flavour’ scores, relative to the CON and SF injected pork. Pork can be fortified with DHA oil to 146 mg/100 g serving, which would meet half the recommended daily omega 3 fatty acid requirements for adult humans and would be desirable in taste.  相似文献   

Differential Rotation and Dynamics of the Solar Interior     

MJ Thompson  J Toomre  ER Anderson  HM Antia  G Berthomieu  D Burtonclay  SM Chitre  J Christensen-Dalsgaard  T Corbard  M DeRosa  CR Genovese  DO Gough  DA Haber  JW Harvey  F Hill  R Howe  SG Korzennik  AG Kosovichev  JW Leibacher  FP Pijpers  J Provost  EJ Rhodes  J Schou  T Sekii  PB Stark  PR Wilson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,272(5266):1300-1305

Splitting of the sun's global oscillation frequencies by large-scale flows can be used to investigate how rotation varies with radius and latitude within the solar interior. The nearly uninterrupted observations by the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) yield oscillation power spectra with high duty cycles and high signal-to-noise ratios. Frequency splittings derived from GONG observations confirm that the variation of rotation rate with latitude seen at the surface carries through much of the convection zone, at the base of which is an adjustment layer leading to latitudinally independent rotation at greater depths. A distinctive shear layer just below the surface is discernible at low to mid-latitudes.  相似文献   

Effects of Prolonged in vitro Culture and Cryopreservation on Viability,DNA Fragmentation,Chromosome Stability and Ultrastructure of Bovine Cells from Amniotic Fluid and Umbilical Cord     

ER da Cunha  CF Martins  CG Silva  HC Bessler  SN Báo 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(5):806-812

The objective of this work was to study cellular types that did not participated in the gastrulation process, amniotic fluid cells (AFCs) and umbilical cord cells (UCCs), in conditions of long‐term culture and cryopreserved with different solutions. The AFCs and UCCs were used in a comparative study with ear fibroblast cells (EFCs) that were cultured in vitro until 20 cellular passages and cryopreserved in 10% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), 5% dimethyl formamide (DMF) and 7% glycerol (Gly) solutions. The cellular viability, ultrastructure, DNA fragmentation and chromosome stability were evaluated to determine the cellular type most resistant. In all cell types, it was possible to evaluate the AFCs until 15 passages and UCCs until 20 passages with different periods of cellular growth to reach the confluence phase. Solutions containing 10% DMSO ensured viability of 90.33 ± 5.58%, 90.56 ± 4.40% and 81.90 ± 3.31%, respectively for EFCs, AFCs and UCCs, being significantly more efficient and with less variation than other cryoprotectant solutions. The AFCs were more sensitive to cryopreservation and presented low viability rate at the passage 20 (17.2 ± 8.87%). There was no change in karyotype and nuclear fragmentation was low in all cellular passages studied. With the scanning electron analysis was possible the characterization of AFCs and UCCs in suspension. The three cellular types of cells presented different shapes and characteristics on the surface. The results demonstrate that bovine AFCs and UCCs can be isolated, cultured in vitro and cryopreserved in 10% DMSO, not causing damage to DNA and chromosomes. The UCCs were more resistant than AFCs in all aspects.  相似文献   

Genetic improvement in beef cattle using a progeny testing system based on carcase merit     

ER JOHNSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,73(6):225-232

A progeny testing system to measure beef carcase merit, the Abtech Test, has been developed. Nine carcase characteristics are measured objectively at a slaughter age of 300 days on the carcases of 12 steer progeny per sire. Five carcase characteristics were used to quantify the carcase, namely, carcase composition as submitted, carcase composition (adjusted to 20% total carcase fat), estimated lean meat yield (adjusted to 20% total carcase fat), muscle-bone ratio (adjusted to a common muscle plus bone weight), and eye muscle volume index (adjusted for total carcase muscle weight). Four carcase measurements used to describe quality were evaluated: eye muscle area at the 10th rib (adjusted for total carcase muscle weight), marbling of the eye muscle at the 10th rib (chemically determined and adjusted to 20% total carcase fat), muscle texture at the 10th rib (mean muscle bundle diameter) and fat colour (determined on intermuscular fat at the 10th rib under standard conditions).
It is proposed that this testing system could be used for the genetic improvement of beef carcases.  相似文献   

玉米黄素双棕榈酸酯乳液制备及其稳定性研究     

温馨  李茉  ER?AN Sevcan  胡锐  耿娜  倪元颖 《农业机械学报》2018,49(6):354-361

为了探索适宜的玉米黄素双棕榈酸酯(ZDP)乳液制备工艺,通过高压均质方法,采用2种天然乳化剂:大豆卵磷脂(SL)和乳清分离蛋白(WPI)和4种合成乳化剂:十聚甘油单油酸酯(PGE18)、十聚甘油单月桂酸酯(PGE12)、蔗糖酯(SE15)和吐温80(T80),以及2种不同油相:大豆油(SO)和中链甘油三酯(MCT),分别制备了ZDP乳液,研究了不同乳化剂种类和质量分数以及油相种类对ZDP乳液性质和稳定性的影响。同时,在最佳乳化剂条件下,研究了ZDP添加量对乳液性质的影响。研究结果表明:天然乳化剂乳化制备所得ZDP乳液平均粒径大,且稳定性一般。小分子合成乳化剂制得的ZDP乳液平均粒径小,但稳定性差异大。其中,PGE18为乳化剂时制备的乳液各项指标较好,且在质量分数为0.8%时乳化效果最好。MCT为油相较SO为油相制备所得乳液稳定性好。因此,选择质量分数为0.8%的PGE18为乳化剂,MCT为油相,高压均质可以制得粒径小于200 nm的ZDP乳液,且在4℃下贮藏28 d仍可保留约90%的ZDP。ZDP添加量变化在4~32 nmol/g时对ZDP乳液的粒径和电位无显著影响。  相似文献   

Identification of Kagoshima and Chuzan viruses of Japan as Kasba virus, an orbivirus of the Palyam serogroup     

ER JUSA  Y. INABA  K. KADOI  H. KUROGI  E. FONSECA  RE SHOPE 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(2):57-57

  相似文献   

An investigation of the causes of parturient calf mortality in Shorthorn heifers     

CD GEE  ER GADEN†  PAW HARPER† 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(9):293-295

A study of parturient calf mortality in a herd of 250 Shorthorn cattle on the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales is reported. Death rates as high as 44% from heifer groups are described. There were 30 parturient deaths of which 27 were confirmed as due to maternal dystocia. Pathological changes in many of the dystocia-caused deaths were minimal, but a congested, swollen tongue was a definitive lesion. The death rate was not significantly higher in heifers mated at 14 to 16 months of age than in those mated at 20 to 22 months, but significantly more male than female calves died from maternal dystocia. As two dead calves were affected with goitre, a comparative trial using parenteral iodine was designed. Ratios of thyroid weight to calf body weight were examined for 24 of the calves where the mean was 0.52 gm/kg. Goitre was found not to be a contributing factor to the calving mortality problem. The use of a Jersey bull for heifer matings eliminated the dystocia problem. The Jersey cross allowed safe, early mating at 14 months of age.  相似文献