Classification of some indigenous maize collections from Southern and Southeastern Europe   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R. J. Edwards  Earl R. Leng 《Euphytica》1965,14(2):161-169

A race classification, based on multiple variate analysis using 23 morphological characteristics, was applied to 42 indigenous maize strains from Southeastern Europe, 20 race collections from Spain and 2 Corn Belt Dent hybrids from the United States. Based on the evidence obtained and on comparisons with other studies, the Southeastern European strains were assigned to one of seven races or race groups, of which at least five appear on historical evidence to be derived directly or by recent hybridization from importations originating in North America. In contrast, the majority of the Spanish collections appeared to have their origins in importations from Central America or the West Indies. Very little similarity was observed between the Spanish and Southeastern European collections, when considered overall.Detailed classification and study of European maize appears highly desirable as an aid to utilization of this potentially valuable germ plasm in world maize breeding programs.  相似文献   

Impact of pesticide restrictions on regional production patterns     

Gary Vocke  Earl O. Heady 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1978,10(1):105-114

A national and interregional programming model is analyzing the effects of banning Chlordane and Heptachlor from U.S. agriculture. The model has sectors for land and water resources, crop and livestock production, commodity transportation and domestic and foreign demand. The central Corn Belt would be put at some disadvantage and lose production to other regions. Soybeans and small grains would replace corn on low lands and the imputed values of this land would decline. Crop rotations would include somewhat less corn.  相似文献   

Carotene and novel apocarotenoid concentrations in orange-fleshed Cucumis melo melons: determinations of β-carotene bioaccessibility and bioavailability     

Fleshman MK  Lester GE  Riedl KM  Kopec RE  Narayanasamy S  Curley RW  Schwartz SJ  Harrison EH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(9):4448-4454

Muskmelons, both cantaloupe (Cucumis melo Reticulatus Group) and orange-fleshed honeydew (C. melo Inodorus Group), a cross between orange-fleshed cantaloupe and green-fleshed honeydew, are excellent sources of β-carotene. Although β-carotene from melon is an important dietary antioxidant and precursor of vitamin A, its bioaccessibility/bioavailability is unknown. We compared β-carotene concentrations from previously frozen orange-fleshed honeydew and cantaloupe melons grown under the same glasshouse conditions, and from freshly harvested field-grown, orange-fleshed honeydew melon to determine β-carotene bioaccessibility/bioavailability, concentrations of novel β-apocarotenals, and chromoplast structure of orange-fleshed honeydew melon. β-Carotene and β-apocarotenal concentrations were determined by HPLC and/or HPLC-MS, β-carotene bioaccessibility/bioavailability was determined by in vitro digestion and Caco-2 cell uptake, and chromoplast structure was determined by electron microscopy. The average β-carotene concentrations (μg/g dry weight) for the orange-fleshed honeydew and cantaloupe were 242.8 and 176.3 respectively. The average dry weights per gram of wet weight of orange-fleshed honeydew and cantaloupe were 0.094 g and 0.071 g, respectively. The bioaccessibility of field-grown orange-fleshed honeydew melons was determined to be 3.2 ± 0.3%, bioavailability in Caco-2 cells was about 11%, and chromoplast structure from orange-fleshed honeydew melons was globular (as opposed to crystalline) in nature. We detected β-apo-8'-, β-apo-10', β-apo-12'-, and β-apo-14'-carotenals and β-apo-13-carotenone in orange-fleshed melons (at a level of 1-2% of total β-carotene). Orange-fleshed honeydew melon fruit had higher amounts of β-carotene than cantaloupe. The bioaccessibility/bioavailability of β-carotene from orange-fleshed melons was comparable to that from carrot (Daucus carota).  相似文献   

Erratum     

M. A. Lindsay  Ernest Marx  A. H. Eddins  Elmo Ragsdale  W. B. Ward  John R. Robertson  Shirley W. Anderson  H. R. Talmage  Verne C. Beverly  A. G. Tolaas  J. J. Shaughnessey  H. J. Evans  Earl B. Tussing  C. A. Henderson  W. C. Barnes  John Noonan 《American Journal of Potato Research》1946,23(8):313-313

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Potato notes     

Lombard  P. M.  Werner  H. O.  Jones  Earl  Sperle  Chas  Zimmerly  H. H. 《American Journal of Potato Research》1926,3(4):135-138

American Journal of Potato Research -  相似文献   

Bone development in black ducks as affected by dietary toxaphene     

Paul M. Mehrle  Mack T. Finley  J.Larry Ludke  Foster L. Mayer  T.Earl Kaiser 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1979,10(2):168-173

Black ducks, Anas rubripes, were exposed to dietary toxaphene concentrations of 0, 10, or 50 μg/g of food for 90 days prior to laying and through the reproductive season. Toxaphene did not affect reproduction or survival, but reduced growth and impaired backbone development in ducklings. Collagen, the organic matrix of bone, was decreased significantly in cervical vertebrae of ducklings fed 50 μg/g, and calcium conentrations increased in vertebrae of ducklings fed 10 or 50 μg/g. The effects of toxaphene were observed only in female ducklings. In contrast to effects on vertebrae, toxaphene exposure did not alter tibia development. Toxaphene residues in carcasses of these ducklings averaged slightly less than the dietary levels.  相似文献   

Representation of the quantity of visual items in the primate prefrontal cortex   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Nieder A  Freedman DJ  Miller EK 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,297(5587):1708-1711

Deriving the quantity of items is an abstract form of categorization. To explore it, monkeys were trained to judge whether successive visual displays contained the same quantity of items. Many neurons in the lateral prefrontal cortex were tuned for quantity irrespective of the exact physical appearance of the displays. Their tuning curves formed overlapping filters, which may explain why behavioral discrimination improves with increasing numerical distance and why discrimination of two quantities with equal numerical distance worsens as their numerical size increases. A mechanism that extracts the quantity of visual field items could contribute to general numerical ability.  相似文献   

Life members announced     

Don G. Anderson  Robert L. Plaisted  Earl F. Spencer  Geoff Rowberry 《American Journal of Potato Research》1981,58(12):661-669

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Some factors influencing the culinary quality of Irish potatoes II. Physical characters     

Earl P. Barrios  D. W. Newsom  J. C. Miller 《American Journal of Potato Research》1963,40(6):200-208

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Influence of exercise on thermographically determined surface temperatures of thoracic and pelvic limbs in horses     

Simon EL  Gaughan EM  Epp T  Spire M 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2006,229(12):1940-1944

OBJECTIVE: To determine the amount of time required for surface temperatures of thoracic and pelvic limbs in horses to return to pre-exercise temperatures after high-speed treadmill exercise, as detected via infrared thermographic imaging. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 6 Thoroughbreds. PROCEDURES: All horses had been trained on and conditioned to use of a high-speed treadmill. Baseline thermographic images were obtained 3 days prior to exercise (baseline). Horses were exercised on a treadmill at a walk for 5 minutes, a slow trot (3 m/s) for 5 minutes, a trot (5 to 6 m/s) for 5 minutes, and a slow gallop (6 to 8 m/s) for 5 minutes, then back to a trot for 3 minutes, a slow trot for 3 minutes, and a walk for 3 minutes prior to stopping. Thermal images were obtained immediately after stopping exercise (0 minutes) and 5, 15, 45, and 60 minutes and 6 hours after stopping exercise. Ambient temperature surrounding each horse was recorded. RESULTS: In all regions, significant differences in surface temperatures were detected between thermograms obtained before exercise and those obtained immediately after, 5 minutes after, and 15 minutes after exercise was stopped. There were no significant differences in surface temperatures between thermograms obtained before exercise and those obtained > or = 45 minutes after exercise was stopped. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In horses, images generated via infrared thermography are not influenced by exercise-generated heat > or = 45 minutes after exercise is stopped.  相似文献