Effects of sex and season in haematological parameters and cellular composition of spleen and head kidney of pejerrey (Odontesthes bonariensis)     

Fabricio A. Vigliano  Adolfo M. Araujo  Andrés J. Marcaccini  María V. Marengo  Eliana Cattaneo  Carina Peirone  Lucrecia G. M. Dasso 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(2):417-426

Phylogenetic diversity in fish determines high interspecific variability in morphology as well as in physiological parameters. Moreover, several haematological variables and the organ composition of haemolymphopoietic sites may vary according to sex or season. The aim of this study was to establish the haematological parameters and the cellular composition of haemolymphopoietic organs in Odontesthes bonariensis, a commercially valuable fish species in Argentina, and also to determine gender or seasonal variations. Haematocrit exhibited the highest value in summer, while haemoglobin concentration was greater in summer and autumn. Erythrocyte count was higher in spring than autumn and winter, but did not differ with summer. The increase in these variables in seasons with higher water temperatures might be a compensatory mechanism to compensate the lower level of oxygen in the environment. Leucocyte formula and blast haemolymphopoietic cells in spleen and head kidney also showed annual variations since cells related to specific immune response, i.e., lymphocytes and thrombocytes, decrease in winter, whereas cells of the non-specific immune pathways, such as granulocyte, rise. The elevation of a particular type of circulating leucocyte was preceded by an increase in values of its precursor in blood in the previous season. Both, spleen and head kidney were active in haemolymphopoiesis, although with some differences in their activity during different seasons. Males showed higher values of circulating lymphoblasts and granulocytes than females, whereas females exhibited higher values of thrombocytes. This study corroborates the high interspecific variations in haematological parameters in fish that underlines the needing of basic studies in order to assess fish health status in new promising species for aquaculture.  相似文献   

The metamorphosis of supernova SN 2008D/XRF 080109: a link between supernovae and GRBs/hypernovae     

Mazzali PA  Valenti S  Della Valle M  Chincarini G  Sauer DN  Benetti S  Pian E  Piran T  D'Elia V  Elias-Rosa N  Margutti R  Pasotti F  Antonelli LA  Bufano F  Campana S  Cappellaro E  Covino S  D'Avanzo P  Fiore F  Fugazza D  Gilmozzi R  Hunter D  Maguire K  Maiorano E  Marziani P  Masetti N  Mirabel F  Navasardyan H  Nomoto K  Palazzi E  Pastorello A  Panagia N  Pellizza LJ  Sari R  Smartt S  Tagliaferri G  Tanaka M  Taubenberger S  Tominaga N  Trundle C  Turatto M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5893):1185-1188

The only supernovae (SNe) to show gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) or early x-ray emission thus far are overenergetic, broad-lined type Ic SNe (hypernovae, HNe). Recently, SN 2008D has shown several unusual features: (i) weak x-ray flash (XRF), (ii) an early, narrow optical peak, (iii) disappearance of the broad lines typical of SN Ic HNe, and (iv) development of helium lines as in SNe Ib. Detailed analysis shows that SN 2008D was not a normal supernova: Its explosion energy (E approximately 6x10(51) erg) and ejected mass [ approximately 7 times the mass of the Sun (M(middle dot in circle))] are intermediate between normal SNe Ibc and HNe. We conclude that SN 2008D was originally a approximately 30 M(middle dot in circle) star. When it collapsed, a black hole formed and a weak, mildly relativistic jet was produced, which caused the XRF. SN 2008D is probably among the weakest explosions that produce relativistic jets. Inner engine activity appears to be present whenever massive stars collapse to black holes.  相似文献   

Seasonal Changes in Carbohydrate and Protein Content of Seeded Bermudagrasses and Their Effect on Spring Green‐Up          下载免费PDF全文

M. Schiavon  S. Macolino  B. Leinauer  U. Ziliotto 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2016,202(2):151-160

The widespread use of warm‐season turfgrasses in transition zones of Europe, such as northern Italy, has been hampered by the long dormancy periods. To encourage the conversion from cool‐ to warm‐season grasses, research is needed to identify cultivars that exhibit early spring green‐up. A 2‐year study was conducted at the agricultural experimental farm of Padova University from November 2006 to October 2008 to compare water‐soluble carbohydrate and protein content in stolons of four bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] cultivars and determine their effect on spring green‐up. Samples of ‘La Paloma’, ‘NuMex Sahara’, ‘Princess 77’ and ‘Yukon’ were collected monthly, and water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and crude protein (CP) content of stolons were measured. Dry weight values of WSC and CP for each cultivar were regressed against days needed to reach 80 % green cover in spring (D80). ‘Yukon’ exhibited the highest rhizome dry weight and WSC content during the winter months and was the fastest to reach 80 % green cover. Conversely, ‘Princess 77’ was the slowest cultivar to green‐up in both years. Regression analysis revealed a stronger relationship between D80 and WSC than between CP content and D80.  相似文献   

Stilbenes and tyrosol as target compounds in the assessment of antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity of Vitis vinifera red wines from southern Brazil     

Gris EF  Mattivi F  Ferreira EA  Vrhovsek U  Filho DW  Pedrosa RC  Bordignon-Luiz MT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(14):7954-7961

The contents of stilbene monomers, cis-resveratrol, trans-resveratrol, cis-piceid, trans-piceid, and tyrosol, were quantified in Vitis vinifera red wines, cvs. Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Sangiovese, and Syrah, 2006 and 2007 vintages, from the Sa?o Joaquim region, a new grape-growing region at southern Brazil. Moreover, the effect of chronic consumption of these wines on the antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities was monitored in C57BL6 LDL receptor knockout mice and treated with a hypercholesterolemic diet. Red wines from this region had substantial levels of resveratrols (the predominant forms were glycoside and trans) and tyrosol. Biomonitoring of antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities in vivo revealed that consumption of these wines increased the antioxidant capacity and reduced the hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia promoted by the hypercholesterolemic diet. Significant correlations were found between the increase of antioxidant capacity markers, the decrease of lipid levels promoted by wine consumption, and the contents of stilbenes and tyrosol, supporting the important biological activity of these compounds.  相似文献   

The riverine thruway hypothesis: rivers as a key mediator of gene flow for the aquatic paradoxical frog Pseudis tocantins (Anura,Hylidae)     

Fonseca  Emanuel M.  Garda  Adrian A.  Oliveira  Eliana F.  Camurugi  Felipe  Magalhães  Felipe de M.  Lanna  Flávia M.  Zurano  Juan Pablo  Marques  Ricardo  Vences  Miguel  Gehara  Marcelo 《Landscape Ecology》2021,36(10):3049-3060

Landscape Ecology - Rivers, landscape, and climate can alter patterns of gene flow and consequently, shape intraspecific genetic variation. While rivers are predicted to halt gene flow in...  相似文献   

Melatonin membrane receptors MT1 and MT2 are expressed in ram spermatozoa from non-seasonal breeds     

Carvajal-Serna  Melissa  Neira-Rivera  Eliana  Cardozo  Jaime Antonio  Grajales-Lombana  Henry  Cebrián-Pérez  José Álvaro  Muiño-Blanco  Teresa  Pérez-Pé  Rosaura  Casao  Adriana 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(5):2549-2557

Tropical Animal Health and Production - In mammals, many melatonin biological functions are mediated through its interaction with the membrane receptors MT1 and MT2. We have previously reported...  相似文献   

Inter-population variation on the accumulation and translocation of potentially harmful chemical elements in Cistus ladanifer L. from Brancanes,Caveira, Chança,Lousal, Neves Corvo and São Domingos mines in the Portuguese Iberian Pyrite Belt     

Erika S. Santos  Maria Manuela Abreu  Maria João Batista  M. Clara F. Magalhães  Eliana Fernandes 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(4):758-772

Purpose

This study aimed to compare the variation on the accumulation and translocation of potentially harmful chemical elements and nutrients (As, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in Cistus ladanifer L. belonging to populations growing in different mine areas from the Portuguese Iberian Pyrite Belt (Brancanes, Caveira, Chança, Lousal, Neves Corvo, São Domingos). These mines are abandoned (except Neves Corvo that is still operating) and have different contamination levels.

Materials and methods

Composite samples of soils (n?=?31), developed on different mine wastes and/or host rock, and C. ladanifer plants (roots and shoots) were collected in the mine areas. Soils were characterized for pH, NPK and organic C, by classical methodologies. Soils (total fraction—four acid digestion, and available fraction—extracted with aqueous solution of diluted organic acids, simulating rizosphere conditions) and plants (ashing followed by acid digestion) elemental concentrations were determined by ICP. Soil–plant transfer and translocation coefficients were calculated. Principal components analysis in both ways, the classical method and a second approach with adaptations used mostly in multivariate statistical processes control data, were done in order to compare the plants populations.

Results and discussion

Soils had large heterogeneity in their characteristics. Caveira, Lousal, Neves Corvo and São Domingos soils showed the highest total concentrations of As, Cu, Pb and Zn. Independently of the mine, available fractions of elements were low. Intra- and inter-population variations in accumulation and translocation of elements were evaluated. Plants were not accumulators of the majority of the analysed elements. Nutrients were mainly translocated from roots to shoots, while trace elements were stored in roots (except in Neves Corvo for As and Pb, and São Domingos for As). Elements concentrations in plant populations from Lousal, Chança and São Domingos did not present much variation. Brancanes soils and plants presented strong differences compared to other areas.

Conclusions

Cistus ladanifer plants are able to survive in mining areas with polymetallic contamination at different elements concentrations in total and available fraction. This species presented variations inter- and intra-populations in accumulation and translocation of chemical elements; however, all studied populations, except Brancanes, can belong to the same population cluster.  相似文献   

Molecular characterization of an extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from a corn culture soil     

João Pedro Rueda FURLAN  Eliana Guedes STEHLING 《土壤圈》2021,31(6):973-976

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Business intelligence tools to optimize the appropriateness of the diagnostic process for clinical and epidemiologic purposes in a multicenter veterinary pathology service     

Nicola Pozzato  Laura D&#x;Este  Laura Gagliazzo  Marta Vascellari  Monia Cocchi  Fabrizio Agnoletti  Luca Bano  Antonio Barberio  Debora Dellamaria  Federica Gobbo  Eliana Schiavon  Alexander Tavella  Karin Trevisiol  Laura Viel  Denis Vio  Salvatore Catania  Gaddo Vicenzoni 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(3):439

Laboratory tests provide essential support to the veterinary practitioner, and their use has grown exponentially. This growth is the result of several factors, such as the eradication of historical diseases, the occurrence of multifactorial diseases, and the obligation to control endemic and epidemic diseases. However, the introduction of novel techniques is counterbalanced by economic constraints, and the establishment of evidence- and consensus-based guidelines is essential to support the pathologist. Therefore, we developed standardized protocols, categorized by species, type of production, age, and syndrome at the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), a multicenter institution for animal health and food safety. We have 72 protocols in use for livestock, poultry, and pets, categorized as, for example, “bovine enteric calf”, “rabbit respiratory”, “broiler articular”. Each protocol consists of a panel of tests, divided into ‘mandatory’ and ‘ancillary’, to be selected by the pathologist in order to reach the final diagnosis. After autopsy, the case is categorized into a specific syndrome, subsequently referred to as a syndrome-specific panel of analyses. The activity of the laboratories is monitored through a web-based dynamic reporting system developed using a business intelligence product (QlikView) connected to the laboratory information management system (IZILAB). On a daily basis, reports become available at general, laboratory, and case levels, and are updated as needed. The reporting system highlights epidemiologic variations in the field and allows verification of compliance with the protocols within the organization. The diagnostic protocols are revised annually to increase system efficiency and to address stakeholder requests.  相似文献   

Germplasm characterization of Sesbania accessions based on multivariate analyses     

Elizabeth Ann Veasey  Eliana Aparecida Schammass  Roland Vencovsky  Paulo Sodero Martins  Gerhard Bandel 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(1):79-91

Nineteen Sesbania accessions were investigated, in a total of six species, to characterize the accessions based on morphological and agronomic data using multivariate methods, to identify a core set of morphological and agronomic attributes to be used in germplasm characterization of Sesbania spp., and to evaluate the forage potential of these accessions. Plots, in randomized block design, consisted of single 16 m-long rows of eight plants, spaced at 2 m between plants and 3 m between rows. Morphological data were obtained from the first four plants in each plot. The four remaining plants, submitted to four cuts at a height of 1 m, provided agronomic data. Principal component analysis indicated that variance accumulated by the first two components for morphological and agronomic data was 74.4% and 77.0%, respectively. Two large groups of accessions were formed in the cluster analysis for morphological data, one consisting of S. virgata, subgenus Daubentonia and the second group comprising the other five species. Cluster analysis using agronomic data classified higher yielding perennial species in three groups, and the annual species, which stood out principally in relation to seed production, in three other groups. Accession n° 8 of S. sesbanwas classified in an isolated group due to its forage superiority. A character discard resulted in the selection of eight characters: floral initiation, pod and leaf length, number of leaflet pairs, plant regrowth height, leaf dry matter yield, seed production and vigour, indicated as a core set of attributes for Sesbania germplasm characterization.  相似文献