The Royal Veterinary College, London     

May SA 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2003,30(3):215-217

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Immune modulation following immunization with polyvalent vaccines in dogs     

Strasser A  May B  Teltscher A  Wistrela E  Niedermüller H 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2003,94(3-4):113-121

A decline in T-cell-mediated immunity and transient state of immunosuppression after immunization has been reported in dogs. Nevertheless, dogs are still routinely vaccinated with polyvalent live vaccines and severe disease does not generally occur. In order to investigate these effects on the canine immune system and to elucidate possible mechanisms we determined the following immune parameters in the blood of 33 clinically sound German shepherd dogs before and after standard vaccination with a polyvalent vaccine against distemper, parvovirus, viral hepatitis, leptospirosis, kennel cough and rabies: white and differential blood cell count, the serum concentrations and/or activities of IL-1, IL-2, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, neopterin and IgG, natural killer (NK) cell activity, bactericidal activity and complement hemolytic activity, lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) and nitroblue tetrazolium test (NBT).Our major findings were that significant postvaccinal decreases in T-cell mitogenic response to PHA and in neutrophil function and neopterin serum concentration were accompanied by simultaneous increase in plasma IgG and hemolytic complement activity. This suggests a transient shift in the balance between cell-mediated and humoral (T(H)1/T(H)2) immunity rather than immunosuppression.These results do not imply that dogs should not receive live vaccines, as the response to vaccines just seems to create a state of altered homeostasis when immunization elicits protection by humoral and cell-mediated immunity. However, these recognized compromises of immune function should be considered and vaccines still be applied only in healthy animals and strictly according to the rules and regulations given by the manufacturer.  相似文献   

Purulent pericarditis as a sequela to clostridial myositis in a horse     

May KA  Cheramie HS  Howard RD  Duesterdieck K  Moll HD  Pleasant RS  Pyle RL 《Equine veterinary journal》2002,34(6):636-640

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Pharmacokinetics of penicillin G procaine versus penicillin G potassium and procaine hydrochloride in horses     

Uboh CE  Soma LR  Luo Y  McNamara E  Fennell MA  May L  Teleis DC  Rudy JA  Watson AO 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(7):811-815

OBJECTIVE: To compare the pharmacokinetics of penicillin G and procaine in racehorses following i.m. administration of penicillin G procaine (PGP) with pharmacokinetics following i.m. administration of penicillin G potassium and procaine hydrochloride (PH). ANIMALS: 6 healthy adult mares. PROCEDURE: Horses were treated with PGP (22,000 units of penicillin G/kg of body weight, i.m.) and with penicillin G potassium (22,000 U/kg, i.m.) and PH (1.55 mg/kg, i.m.). A minimum of 3 weeks was allowed to elapse between drug treatments. Plasma and urine penicillin G and procaine concentrations were measured by use of high-pressure liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Median elimination phase half-lives of penicillin G were 24.7 and 12.9 hours, respectively, after administration of PGP and penicillin G potassium. Plasma penicillin G concentration 24 hours after administration of penicillin G potassium and PH was not significantly different from concentration 24 hours after administration of PGP. Median elimination phase half-life of procaine following administration of PGP (15.6 hours) was significantly longer than value obtained after administration of penicillin G potassium and PH (1 hour). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that i.m. administration of penicillin G potassium will result in plasma penicillin G concentrations for 24 hours after drug administration comparable to those obtained with administration of PGP Clearance of procaine from plasma following administration of penicillin G potassium and PH was rapid, compared with clearance following administration of PGP.  相似文献   

Exercise-induced changes in proteoglycan metabolism of equine articular cartilage     

Bird JL  Platt D  Wells T  May SA  Bayliss MT 《Equine veterinary journal》2000,32(2):161-163

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Management of disc-associated wobbler syndrome with a partial slot fenestration and position screw technique     

J. P. Queen    A. R. Coughlan  C. May  †  D. Bennett  ‡ J. Penderis  ‡ 《The Journal of small animal practice》1998,39(3):131-136

A previously unpublished surgical technique for the management of disc-associated wobbler syndrome is described. A series of 17 middle-aged dobermanns (mean age 7·4 years) with this condition were managed by a technique of partial slot fenestration and position screw fixation of the affected disc space (C6/7 in all cases). One patient was lost to follow-up and, of the remaining 16 cases, 13 improved following surgery (81 per cent). The three failures were a consequence of incorrect placement of one of the screws. Careful evaluation of immediate postoperative radiographs allows this problem to be identified; the screw can then be correctly repositioned with an immediate return to surgery.  相似文献   

Erythema multiforme associated with zonisamide in a dog          下载免费PDF全文

Amanda L. Ackermann  Linda A. Frank  Michael F. McEntee  Elizabeth R. May 《Veterinary dermatology》2015,26(5):391-e89

This report describes a dog that developed erythema multiforme in temporal association with administration of the sulphonamide‐based anticonvulsant drug zonisamide. Similar adverse drug reactions have been associated with sulphonamide antimicrobial drugs. Caution should be exercised when prescribing this medication for dogs with known hypersensitivity to sulphonamides.  相似文献   

Making Use of Guava Seed (Psidium guajava L): The Effects of Pre-treatments on Its Chemical Composition     

Ying Ping Chang  May Ping Tan  Wai Li Lok  Suganthi Pakianathan  Yasoga Supramaniam 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(1):43-49

The guava processing industry in Malaysia produces by-products in the form of seed core and peel. These by-products can be regarded as underused resources but there are concerns about their composition that prevent their use in the food and feed industries. This study aims to analyze the respective effects of heat treatments (boiling or autoclaving) and germination periods on the nutritional composition and phytochemical content of guava seeds. The guava seeds were found to contain 618, 78, 72, and 5 mg/g dry weight total dietary fiber, fat, protein, and ash, respectively. The tannin and saponin contents, but not the phytic acid content, were below the respective anti-nutritional thresholds. The heat treatments did not affect the total dietary fiber and ash contents but reduced all other chemical components to different extents (15–91 %). Boiling did not reduce the phytic acid content substantially but autoclaving caused a reduction of 91 % to a level below the anti-nutritional threshold. Germination for 14 days caused a significant reduction in nutrient contents in the range of 16–79 %. Germination also reduced the phytic acid content by 90 % in the seed but did not significantly affect the saponin content. Thus, guava seed can be treated thermally or germinated to manipulate its chemical composition to enable its use in the food and feed industries.  相似文献   

Evaluation of dairy food processing wash water solids as a protein source: III. Nitrogen utilization by heifers fed medium-concentrate diets     

T May  J E Williams  J S Caton 《Journal of animal science》1991,69(8):3425-3434

Eight multicannulated heifers (average BW 415 +/- 34 kg) were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square to evaluate fluid milk processing wash water solids (WWS) as a dietary N source. Heifers were fed corn/cottonseed hull-based diets containing soybean meal (control, 0% WWS N) or WWS replacing soybean meal at 33, 67, or 100% of supplemental dietary N. Total tract and ruminal DM and OM digestibilities decreased linearly or cubically (P less than .05) as dietary WWS N increased. Total ruminal VFA concentration (P less than .05) and propionic acid molar proportion (P less than .10) were greater in heifers fed 0 vs 100% WWS N. Heifers fed 0% WWS N had the greatest (P less than .05) ruminal ammonia concentration at all sampling times. Dietary WWS did not affect (P greater than .10) ruminal pH, fluid dilution rate, fluid flow, fluid volume, or turnover time. Total tract N digestibility decreased quadratically (P less than .10) with increasing WWS N in the diet. Supplemental WWS N did not affect (P greater than .10) flow of duodenal ammonia N or bacterial N, or efficiency of microbial N synthesis. Diets containing WWS N resulted in a cubic increase (P less than .10) in duodenal flow of essential amino acids compared with 0% WWS N; however, there were no differences in small intestinal amino acid disappearance. Data indicate that WWS can replace 33% of the soybean meal N in a corn/cottonseed hull-based diet without decreasing ruminal fermentation, fluid digesta kinetics, microbial efficiency, or small intestinal amino acid utilization.  相似文献   

Serodiagnosis of Lyme disease in UK dogs     

C. May  S. D. Cartert†  A. Barnes †  S. Bell  D. Bennett 《The Journal of small animal practice》1991,32(4):170-174

Lyme disease is a chronic, multisystemic, inflammatory disorder of man and animals associated with infection by the tick-borne spirochaete, Borrelia burgdorferi. Lyme disease was recently reported for the first time in a dog in the UK (May and others 1990). Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we have performed a serological survey to investigate the prevalence of antibodies to B burgdorferi in UK dogs. The survey has shown that dogs from many areas in the UK have serum antibodies to B burgdorferi, that the presence of serum antibodies is associated with known exposure to ticks and that some dogs seropositive for B burgdorferi have clinical signs consistent with Lyme disease. High levels of serum anti-Borrelia antibodies are not diagnostic for canine Lyme disease, but, in association with appropriate clinical signs, they help to confirm the diagnosis in suspected cases.  相似文献