Factors influencing fallback by adult Atlantic salmon following transport into a novel river reach     

Danielle M. Frechette  Elsa Goerig  Normand E. Bergeron 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2020,27(1):20-31

Transport of salmonids allows upstream migrating adults to bypass barriers to migration, for example hydroelectric dams or adverse habitats. Downstream movement (“fallback”) after transport is common and removes individuals from spawning populations, with possible detrimental consequences for population productivity. Time‐to‐event analysis was used to determine effects of fish characteristics, transport conditions and environmental variables on fallback by adult Atlantic salmon transported to an inaccessible river reach as a population enhancement strategy on the Rivière Sainte‐Marguerite Nord‐Est (Québec, Canada). Of 68 salmon transported, 19 exhibited post‐transport fallback within seven days of transport. Fork length (FL) was the only factor that increased risk of post‐transport fallback; there was a 5% increase in the proportion of large salmon (≥780 mm FL) exhibiting post‐transport fallback relative to individuals of median size (750 mm FL). Although the present study was limited by small sample size, the findings will help inform design of transport programmes in freshwater systems.  相似文献   

Assessment of different levels of green and brown seaweed meal in experimental diets for whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei,Boone) in recirculating aquaculture system     

Jessie Vargas Cárdenas  Alfredo Olivera Gálvez  Luis Otavio Brito  Elsa Vega Galarza  David Cano Pitta  Victor Vergara Rubin 《Aquaculture International》2015,23(6):1491-1504

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Community genomics among stratified microbial assemblages in the ocean's interior   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

DeLong EF  Preston CM  Mincer T  Rich V  Hallam SJ  Frigaard NU  Martinez A  Sullivan MB  Edwards R  Brito BR  Chisholm SW  Karl DM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5760):496-503

Microbial life predominates in the ocean, yet little is known about its genomic variability, especially along the depth continuum. We report here genomic analyses of planktonic microbial communities in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, from the ocean's surface to near-sea floor depths. Sequence variation in microbial community genes reflected vertical zonation of taxonomic groups, functional gene repertoires, and metabolic potential. The distributional patterns of microbial genes suggested depth-variable community trends in carbon and energy metabolism, attachment and motility, gene mobility, and host-viral interactions. Comparative genomic analyses of stratified microbial communities have the potential to provide significant insight into higher-order community organization and dynamics.  相似文献   

Comparison of white blood cell differential percentages determined by the in-house LaserCyte hematology analyzer and a manual method     

Papasouliotis K  Cue S  Crawford E  Pinches M  Dumont M  Burley K 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2006,35(3):295-302

BACKGROUND: The LaserCyte hematology analyzer (IDEXX Laboratories, Chalfont St. Peter, Bucks, UK) is the first in-house laser-based single channel flow cytometer designed specifically for veterinary practice. The instrument provides a full hematologic analysis including a 5-part WBC differential (LC-diff%). We are unaware of published studies comparing LC-diff% results to those determined by other methods used in practice. OBJECTIVE: To compare LC-diff% results to those obtained by a manual differential cell count (M-diff%). METHODS: Eighty-six venous blood samples from 44 dogs and 42 cats were collected into EDTA tubes at the Forest Veterinary Centre (Epping, UK). Samples were analyzed using the LaserCyte within 1 hour of collection. Unstained blood smears were then posted to Langford Veterinary Diagnostics, University of Bristol, and stained with modified Wright's stain. One hundred-cell manual differential counts were performed by 2 technicians and the mean percentage was calculated for each cell type. Data (LC-diff% vs M-diff%) were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank tests, Deming regression, and Bland-Altman difference plots. RESULTS: Significant differences between methods were found for neutrophil and monocyte percentages in samples from dogs and cats and for eosinophil percentage in samples from cats. Correlations (r) (canine/feline) were .55/.72 for neutrophils, .76/.69 for lymphocytes, .05/.29 for monocytes and .60/.82 for eosinophils. Agreement between LC-diff% and Mdiff% results was poor in samples from both species. Bland-Altman plots revealed outliers in samples with atypical WBCs (1 cat), leukocytosis (2 dogs, 9 cats), and leukopenia (16 dogs, 11 cats). The LaserCyte generated error flags in 28 of 86 (32.6%) samples, included 7 with leukopenia, 8 with lymphopenia, 7 with leukocytosis, 1 with anemia, and 1 with erythrocytosis. When results from these 28 samples were excluded, correlations from the remaining nonflagged results (canine/feline) were .63/.65 for neutrophils, .67/.65 for lymphocytes, .11/.33 for monocytes, and .63/.82 for eosinophils. CONCLUSION: Although use of a 100-cell (vs 200-cell) M-diff% may be a limitation of our study, good correlation between WBC differentials obtained using the LaserCyte and the manual method was achieved only for feline eosinophils.  相似文献   

The use of canine models of inherited retinal degeneration to test novel therapeutic approaches     

William A. Beltran 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2009,12(3):192-204

Inherited retinal degenerations (RDs) are a common cause of blindness in dogs and in humans. Over the past two decades numerous genes causally associated with these diseases have been identified and several canine models have been used to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of RDs, as well as to test the proof of principle and safety of novel therapies. This review briefly summarizes the drug delivery approaches and therapeutic strategies that have been and are currently tested in dogs, with a particular emphasis on corrective gene therapy, and retinal neuroprotection.  相似文献   

Effect of organic acids and nitrogen source on alcoholic fermentation: study of their buffering capacity   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Torija MJ  Beltran G  Novo M  Poblet M  Rozès N  Mas A  Guillamón JM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(4):916-922

The effect of tartaric acid and other organic acids on alcoholic fermentation was studied. Organic acids in media with high sugar concentrations and ammonium as the sole nitrogen source had an enormous impact on Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism during alcoholic fermentation. The main effect on yeast metabolism was the quick acidification of the media in the absence of organic acids. All of the organic acids used in this study (tartaric, malic, citric, and succinic acids) showed a buffering capacity, but not all of the acids had the same one. However, the results suggested that buffering should not be considered the only effect of organic acids on yeast metabolism. Nitrogen source also had a great influence on media pH. Ammonium consumption by yeasts produced a greater acidification of the media than when amino acids were used.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity of Colombian quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.): implications for breeding programs     

Manjarres-Hern&#;ndez  Elsa Helena  Morillo-Coronado  Ana Cruz 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(7):2447-2458

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Chenopodium quinoa Willd. is a species of great interest for global food security because of its ability to adapt to different environmental conditions and...  相似文献   

Germplasm transfer from the wild tetraploid speciesSolanum acaule bitt. to the cultivated potato,S. tuberosum L. using 2N eggs     

Elsa L. Camadro  Juan C. Espinillo 《American Journal of Potato Research》1990,67(11):737-749

Solanum acaule Bitt. (acl ¹, 2n=4x=48 and 2n=6x=72) is a wild potato species in which resistance to adverse biotic and abiotic agents has been found. The tetraploid subspeciesacaule andaemulans cannot be easily crossed with the common potato,S. tuberosum L. Grouptuberosum (tbr, 2n=4x=48) because the development of the endosperm in the hybrid seed is abnormal. Since 4xacl behaves as a diploid in intra and interploidy crosses, it was postulated that the hybridization barrier withtbr could be overcome if the wild species produced 2n gametes. One hundred and ninety-seven plants of 4xacl (22 introductions) were screened for pollen of heterogeneous size; only two plants produced this type of pollen, with 3% and 5% of pollen in the large class, respectively. On the other hand, 427 plants (47 introductions) were screened for 2n eggs through controlled crosses withtbr. Forty-one plants (13 introductions) produced 219 berries of which 46 contained at least one plump seed. Seed from berries with low seed set gave rise to hexaploid hybrids possibly through the functioning of 2n eggs from 4xacl. A sample of these hybrids was successfully backcrossed as female parents totbr, giving rise to 5x BC₁ progenies. These BC₁ progenies could be easily back-crossed totbr, yielding tetraploid or near tetraploid BC₂ plants.  相似文献   

Genetics. Simple sleepers     

Youngsteadt E 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5887):334-337

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Barking in home alone suburban dogs (Canis familiaris) in New Zealand     

Elsa L. Flint  Edward O. Minot  Mark Stevenson  Paul E. Perry  Kevin J. Stafford 《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2013,8(4):302-305

The aim of this study was to establish expected average parameters for barking in normal suburban dogs in New Zealand (defined as dogs with no history of problem or nuisance barking) that are left alone for 8 hours during the day, with indoor/outdoor access, and are walked daily. Parameters evaluated over the 8-hour period were the average number of barking episodes, average length of each episode, and average total amount of barking (in seconds). The effects of age and sex on these parameters were assessed. Clients from 2 different Auckland veterinary practices were offered the opportunity to participate in the study (n = 60). Participants were provided with a voice-operated tape recorder (Sony M-200MC Microcassette Recorder) and a written instruction sheet. They recorded their dogs daily over 8 hours for 5 days. Data were then recorded onto a spreadsheet by the investigator, and averages were evaluated using the Windows XLS system. Further analysis was done using the PASW 18 statistical analysis system. Box plots were constructed to evaluate variation between and within dogs. On average, dogs barked between 4 and 5 times over 8 hours. The average length of each episode was 30 seconds, and the average total amount of barking in 8 hours was 129 seconds. Younger dogs (younger than 5 years) tended to bark more frequently than older dogs. These parameters provide a baseline against which barking complaints may be measured.  相似文献