Clinicopathologic and radiographic features in 33 cats with aspiration and 26 cats with bronchopneumonia (2007‐2017)     

Jonathan D. Dear  William Vernau  Eric G. Johnson  Sean E. Hulsebosch  Lynelle R. Johnson 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2021,35(1):480-489

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Data standardization implementation and applications within and among diagnostic laboratories: integrating and monitoring enteric coronaviruses     

Giovani Trevisan  Leticia C. M. Linhares  Kent J. Schwartz  Eric R. Burrough  Edison de S. Magalhes  Bret Crim  Poonam Dubey  Rodger G. Main  Phillip Gauger  Mary Thurn  Paulo T. F. Lages  Cesar A. Corzo  Jerry Torrison  Jamie Henningson  Eric Herrman  Rob McGaughey  Giselle Cino  Jon Greseth  Travis Clement  Jane Christopher-Hennings  Daniel C. L. Linhares 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(3):457

Every day, thousands of samples from diverse populations of animals are submitted to veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs) for testing. Each VDL has its own laboratory information management system (LIMS), with processes and procedures to capture submission information, perform laboratory tests, define the boundaries of test results (i.e., positive or negative), and report results, in addition to internal business and accounting applications. Enormous quantities of data are accumulated and stored within VDL LIMSs. There is a need for platforms that allow VDLs to exchange and share portions of laboratory data using standardized, reliable, and sustainable information technology processes. Here we report concepts and applications for standardization and aggregation of data from swine submissions to multiple VDLs to detect and monitor porcine enteric coronaviruses by RT-PCR. Oral fluids, feces, and fecal swabs were the specimens submitted most frequently for enteric coronavirus testing. Statistical algorithms were used successfully to scan and monitor the overall and state-specific percentage of positive submissions. Major findings revealed a consistently recurrent seasonal pattern, with the highest percentage of positive submissions detected during December–February for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, porcine deltacoronavirus, and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). After 2014, very few submissions tested positive for TGEV. Monitoring VDL data proactively has the potential to signal and alert stakeholders early of significant changes from expected detection. We demonstrate the importance of, and applications for, data organized and aggregated by using LOINC and SNOMED CTs, as well as the use of customized messaging to allow inter-VDL exchange of information.  相似文献   

Disease diagnostic coding to facilitate evidence-based medicine: current and future perspectives     

Rachel J. Derscheid  Michael C. Rahe  Eric R. Burrough  Kent J. Schwartz  Bailey Arruda 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(3):419

Technologic advances in information management have rapidly changed laboratory testing and the practice of veterinary medicine. Timely and strategic sampling, same-day assays, and 24-h access to laboratory results allow for rapid implementation of intervention and treatment protocols. Although agent detection and monitoring systems have progressed, and wider tracking of diseases across veterinary diagnostic laboratories exists, such as by the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN), the distinction between detection of agent and manifestation of disease is critical to improved disease management. The implementation of a consistent, intuitive, and useful disease diagnosis coding system, specific for veterinary medicine and applicable to multiple animal species within and between veterinary diagnostic laboratories, is the first phase of disease data aggregation. Feedback loops for continuous improvement that could aggregate existing clinical and laboratory databases to improve the value and applications of diagnostic processes and clinical interventions, with interactive capabilities between clinicians and diagnosticians, and that differentiate disease causation from mere agent detection, remain incomplete. Creating an interface that allows aggregation of existing data from clinicians, including final diagnosis, interventions, or treatments applied, and measures of outcomes, is the second phase. Prototypes for stakeholder cooperation, collaboration, and beta testing of this vision are in development and becoming a reality. We focus here on how such a system is being developed and utilized at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory to facilitate evidence-based medicine and utilize diagnostic coding for continuous improvement of animal health and welfare.  相似文献   

Efficacy of a pilot-scale wastewater treatment plant upon a commercial aquaculture effluent: I. Solids and carbonaceous compounds   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Simonel Sandu  Brian Brazil  Eric Hallerman   《Aquacultural Engineering》2008,39(2-3):78-90

A pilot-scale wastewater treatment station was built and operated at a commercial recirculating aquaculture facility in order to initiate, characterize and optimize the operation of a treatment strategy for effluent recovery and reuse. The treatment train consisted of sedimentation, denitrification, ozonation, trickling filter treatment, and chemical flocculation. The study consisted of four different sets of treatment conditions, differentiated by alternative use of 6 or 4 lpm flow and recycling rates, ozone doses between 36.6 and 82.5 mg O₃/l water, and 6- or 9-min ozonation time. The effects of treatment on solids and dissolved organic compounds are reported here. Over 70% of solids were removed by sedimentation under all experimental conditions. At the end of treatment, up to 99% of TSS was removed due to the combined action of ozonation and chemical flocculation. COD removal was not significantly different among experimental conditions by sedimentation (59.2–62.7%, p > 0.05), but was positively correlated with ozone dose (slope = 0.452, r² = 0.99), yielding total COD removal η(CODt) of 19.8–40.7%. Of these amounts, 60.4–66.5% of COD was removed with foam, while the balance was mineralized. The ozone reactivity was 83.7% at a dose of 82.5 mg O₃/l water. The ozone consumption coefficient Y(O₃/CODox) for COD oxidized was 1.92–2.23 g/g O₃ COD and 0.70–0.78 g O₃/g COD when total COD removed was considered. Overall, 87.9–92.4% of COD was removed by the treatment train, to an average of 44 mg/l at the highest ozone dose, a value 3.3–3.9 times less than in fish tanks. Under the same conditions, cBOD₅ was reduced by 88%, 3.8–4.1 times less than in fish tanks. The water’s biodegradability was increased by over 20%. DOC did not change significantly through the treatment train, and fluctuated through the system due to methanol addition to support denitrification. Work with the pilot station showed that the treatment strategy employed could support effective recovery and recycling of aquaculture effluent, although salts and refractory organics may accumulate in the system.  相似文献   

施肥技术对稻米产量与品质的影响     

林华  吴春赞  叶定池 《勤云标准版测试》2005,(1)

除品种本身外,栽培技术尤其是施肥技术正以一种不容忽视的力量影响着稻米品质。通过不同施肥量、不同施肥方法等试验研究表明:增施氮肥,能有效提高稻米蛋白质含量,在施肥水平相同情况下,分次施用氮肥,其稻米的蛋白质含量高于一次性施用,生育期间均匀施氮的蛋白质含量显著高于两促施氮法,特别是穗肥追施氮肥时提高稻米蛋白质含量和降低直链淀粉含量效果最佳,从而提高稻米品质。  相似文献   

Fire-driven dynamic mosaics in the Great Victoria Desert,Australia – I. Fire geometry     

Haydon  Daniel T.  Friar  John K.  Pianka  Eric R. 《Landscape Ecology》2000,15(4):373-382

The dominant ground cover in the Great Victoria Desert is porcupine grass or spinifex, a fire-prone perennial grass that grows in hummocks or tussocks. Lightning sets hundreds of wildfires annually in inland arid Australia, generating an ever changing spatial-temporal patchwork of habitats that differ in their state of post-fire recovery. The spatial configuration of this patchwork is determined by the size, shape, frequency and inter-spatial relationships of fires, and is likely to play a vital role in the maintenance of the desert biota. Chronosequences of satellite imagery spanning the years 1972–1991 are used to extract and describe the geometry of over 800 fires from fire scars. In the imagery study area, an average of 43 fires occur annually, fire size frequency distributions are roughly log-normal with mild right skew, with average area of 28 km², burning between 2 and 5% of the burnable landscape each year. Average fire return interval is estimated to be at least 20 years. These empirical findings are an important prerequisite for developing a more sophisticated understanding of the dynamics of the fire cycle in this ecosystem.  相似文献   

The effects of human trampling on the fauna of grassland litter     

Eric Duffey 《Biological conservation》1975,7(4):255-274

The effects of trampling on the invertebrate fauna of grassland litter was studied using two levels of treading intensity over a period of 12 months. Changes in the structure of the litter after treatment (fall in total volume, proportion of air space) were measured with a Quantimet Image Analysing Computer. The total volume fell by 81% and the proportion of air space fell from 63% to 38% in the litter samples receiving 10 treads/month. The overall effect of treading on the fauna was a substantial decline in numbers and species, although this did not apply to all groups. At the species level there was considerable variation in sensitivity to treading. The differences in the fauna between the two levels of treading were small and non-significant with the exception of the spiders. The invertebrate fauna of grassland litter appears to be affected by levels of trampling much lower than those required to produce changes in the structure and species frequency of living plants.  相似文献   

The management and treatment of environmental streptococcal mastitis.     

J Eric Hillerton  Elizabeth A Berry 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2003,19(1):157-169

Environmental streptococci are responsible for at least one third of all cases of clinical mastitis, with the proportion varying widely between herds. Each dairy farmer should know the etiology of mastitis in the herd to allow for appropriate management. Control requires lowering the prevalence of infection, and includes shortening the duration of and preventing new infections. Prompt and aggressive treatment of clinical cases may achieve a high clinical and bactriologic rate of cure. Dry-cow treatment remains highly effective in eliminating infection. Prophylactic dry-cow treatment remains of substantial benefit in preventing new intramammary infections and clinical mastitis. An internal teat sealant has shown a comparable effect in uninfected cows in field studies. Management of exposure to environmental streptococci is essential and requires assessment of the risk of exposure (especially in bedding and other lying areas), reduction of teat-end contamination, and good hygienic milking practices. The key is in the quality of application of management.  相似文献   

G. Daniel Boon (1945–2001)     

Holly Bender  Eric Mills  Dennis DeNicola  Claire Andreasen  Kurt Zimmerman  Diane Boon 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2001,30(3):102-102

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Unusual lactones from Cananga odorata (Annonaceae).     

Eric Caloprisco  Jean-Dominique Fourneron  Robert Faure  Frédéric-Emmanuel Demarne 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(1):78-80

Two lactone compounds have been isolated from the leaves and branches of ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata forma genuina Hook. f. et Thomson, Annonaceae). One was already known as isosiphonodin 1. The other, canangone 2, is a new terpenoid spirolactone with an unusual backbone. Its structure has been established as 6-hydroxy-1-oxo-2-oxaspiro[4.5]dec-7-ene-8-carbaldehyde by using 1-D and 2-D NMR.  相似文献