Cytology of the healthy canine and feline ocular surface: comparison between cytobrush and impression technique          下载免费PDF全文

Anna Perazzi  Federico Bonsembiante  Maria Elena Gelain  Marco Patruno  Enzo Di Iorio  Angelo Migliorati  Ilaria Iacopetti 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2017,46(1):164-171

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Dr. William R. Lee (“Bill”) (1978–2016)          下载免费PDF全文

Erica Baravik‐Munsell 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(4):487-487

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A novel approach for regional anaesthesia of the auricular region in horses: an anatomic and imaging study     

Ilaria Cerasoli  Pieter Cornillie  Frank Gasthuys  Ingrid Gielen  Stijn Schauvliege 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(3):656-664

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The effect of prazosin on outcome in feline urethral obstruction          下载免费PDF全文

Erica L. Reineke VMD  DACVECC  Emily K. Thomas BA  VetMB  DACVECC  Rebecca S. Syring DVM  DACVECC  Jennifer Savini DVM  Kenneth J. Drobatz DVM  MSCE  DACVIM  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(4):387-396

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Characterization and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of industrial hemp varieties (Cannabis sativa L.)     

Lorenzo Nissen  Alessandro Zatta  Ilaria Stefanini  Silvia Grandi  Barbara Sgorbati  Bruno Biavati  Andrea Monti 《Fitoterapia》2010,81(5):413-419

The present study focused on inhibitory activity of freshly extracted essential oils from three legal (THC < 0.2% w/v) hemp varieties (Carmagnola, Fibranova and Futura) on microbial growth. The effect of different sowing times on oil composition and biological activity was also evaluated. Essential oils were distilled and then characterized through the gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Thereafter, the oils were compared to standard reagents on a broad range inhibition of microbial growth via minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. Microbial strains were divided into three groups: i) Gram (+) bacteria, which regard to food-borne pathogens or gastrointestinal bacteria, ii) Gram (?) bacteria and iii) yeasts, both being involved in plant interactions. The results showed that essential oils of industrial hemp can significantly inhibit the microbial growth, to an extent depending on variety and sowing time. It can be concluded that essential oils of industrial hemp, especially those of Futura, may have interesting applications to control spoilage and food-borne pathogens and phytopathogens microorganisms.  相似文献   

Short-term effects of group-selection harvesting on breeding birds in a northern hardwood forest     

Douglas C. Tozer  Dawn M. Burke  Erica Nol  Ken A. Elliott 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010

We used a before-after, control-impact design (one year pre-harvest, two years post-harvest) and unlimited-radius point counts to study the effects of typical group-selection harvesting (0.5 gaps ha⁻¹ placed near seed trees within a standard single-tree selection harvest) and intensive group-selection harvesting (4 gaps ha⁻¹ placed on a grid with no harvesting between gaps) on the composition and abundance of breeding birds in tolerant hardwood forests in Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario. Percent similarity between pre- and post-harvest bird communities was 5–9% lower in selection harvested stands than in reference stands. Differences in percent similarity among the three treatments were not significant, however, suggesting that the changes in the bird community in stands harvested with group selection were not substantially different than those in reference stands. Abundance of aerial foragers and tree-and-shrub nesters increased in response to typical and intensive group selection in the second year post-harvest. By contrast, bark foragers and cavity-nesters decreased in the first year post-harvest and then increased in the second year post-harvest in response to typical group selection. Abundance of 16 (73%) of 22 species was not affected by harvesting. Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata), Chestnut-sided Warbler (Dendroica pensylvanica), Least Flycatcher (Empidonax minimus), and White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis) increased in response to intensive group selection in the first or second year post-harvest, whereas Chestnut-sided Warbler, Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus), and White-throated Sparrow increased in response to typical group selection in the first or second year post-harvest. Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla) decreased slightly in response to typical group selection in the second year post-harvest. Our short-term data suggest that intensive, rather than typical, group-selection harvesting is preferred for maintaining densities of cavity-nesting birds and Ovenbird; whether these advantages continue through the remainder of the cutting cycle and beyond requires further investigation.  相似文献   

Characterization of progressive keratitis in Otariids     

Carmen M. H. Colitz  Michael S. Renner  Charles A. Manire  Bethany Doescher  Todd L. Schmitt  Steven D. Osborn  Lara Croft  June Olds  Erica Gehring  June Mergl  Allison D. Tuttle  Meg Sutherland‐Smith  Jens Christian Rudnick 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2010,13(Z1):47-53

Objective To characterize a form of progressive keratitis that occurs commonly in otariids. Materials and methods One hundred and thirteen captive otariids were evaluated by ophthalmologic examination and digital photography. Results Forty‐six females and 67 males were in the reference population, average age of 14 years. California sea lions predominated (n = 100); there were also six Steller sea lions, five brown fur seals, one Guadalupe fur seal and one northern fur seal. Three stages of progressive keratitis are described. Overall, 64.6% animals and 142 eyes from 113 animals (62.8%) were affected with one of three stages. The mildest form, Stage 1 keratitis, occurred in 78 of 226 eyes (34.5%); the intermediate Stage 2 keratitis occurred in 30 of 226 eyes (13.3%); and the most severe, Stage 3 keratitis, occurred in 34 of 226 eyes (15%). All but six animals had bilateral disease. Animals with Stage 1 keratitis were significantly younger than those in more advanced stages. Discussion ‘Otariid Keratitis’ occurs in all populations of eared seals evaluated. A large‐scale epidemiological study is ongoing to identify the risk factors that contribute to this disease. Exposure to chronic sunlight appears to be an important risk factor as shade diminishes clinical signs; animals kept out of sunlight the majority of the time have less severe clinical signs. Age may be important since exposure accumulates with aging. Progression of the disease is also associated with secondary opportunistic bacterial and fungal infections. The surface immune system may be imbalanced contributing to these infections and progression.  相似文献   

Methods of assessing the incidence of Armillaria root rot across viticultural areas and the pathogen's genetic diversity and spatial–temporal pattern in northern Italy     

Ilaria Pertot  Davide Gobbin  Federica De Luca  Daniele Prodorutti 《Crop Protection》2008,27(7):1061-1070

Armillaria mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P. Kumm. is the causal agent of root rots of numerous perennial woody plants, including grapevine. In grapevine, A. mellea infections cause reduced plant vigour, poor grape quality and, in the last stage of the disease, plant death. No post-infection control agents are available for use against this disease. Disease management programmes rely solely on prophylactic measures. Therefore, knowledge of the distribution pattern of the disease over time, disease incidence and actual losses due to the disease across geographical areas is crucial. We evaluated the use of aerial photographs, surveys of growers’ experiences and field assessments to estimate the incidence of Armillaria root rot in a viticultural area (140 ha) situated in the Piana Rotaliana region (Italy). Results of the 4-year assessment were that 25% of the vineyards (36 ha) were infected by Armillaria, 2% of the cultivated vines exhibited disease symptoms and 0.25% of the vines died each autumn. The causal agent was almost exclusively A. mellea but, in two cases, Armillaria gallica was also isolated. The genetic diversity of the Italian population, according to IGS sequencing and somatic incompatibility testing, was very high, suggesting multiple pathogen introduction sites and the slow, vegetative underground spread of the fungus. Fungal clones were found within individual vineyards. Even if, within a particular area, the disease is spreading very slowly and crop losses are limited (one vine out of 400 dies each year), an effective agronomic plan for the prevention of infections should be implemented.  相似文献   

Postmortem Metabolic,Physicochemical, and Lipid Composition Changes in Litopenaeus vannamei in Response to Harvest Procedures     

Saúl Zamora-Méndez  Arlett Robles-Romo  Erica Marin-Peralta  Olivia Arjona  Juan P. Apún-Molina  Ana I. Beltrán-Lugo 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(9):1093-1106

Ante-mortem stress is recognized as one of the factors that could reduce shelf life in fish, although this topic has been scarcely addressed in crustaceans, particularly in cultivated penaeid shrimp where common harvest practices involves stressful conditions such as chasing, emersion, and confinement. This study analyzes indices of freshness in shrimp in response to such practices before storage in ice for six days. During ice storage, several indicators follow the typical postmortem pattern, although most of them (hypoxanthine, change in pH, and color) did not reach critical levels at day 6. Adenosine-5’-triphosphate (ATP) and degradation products (adenosine monophosphate, AMP, and inosine monophosphate, IMP), as well as several indicators of freshness (pH, expressible water, hardness, color, and the overall fatty acid composition) were not significantly affected by harvest. Other variables such as lower springiness, higher hypoxanthine, lipid hydroperoxides, and 20:4n-6/20:5n-3 ratio were observed in shrimp subjected to common harvest practices. However, under the current conditions of harvesting, these effects were marginal and probably do not substantially affect meat quality for human consumption, but care should be taken at higher environmental temperatures (e.g. harvest in summer) and for a duration of ice-storage over 6 days.  相似文献   

Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated from dogs with neurological signs     

da Silva AV  Pezerico SB  de Lima VY  d'Arc Moretti L  Pinheiro JP  Tanaka EM  Ribeiro MG  Langoni H 《Veterinary parasitology》2005,127(1):23-27

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