Effect of age and body weight on neurohumoral variables in healthy Cavalier King Charles spaniels.     

A S Eriksson  A K J?rvinen  K K Eklund  O J Vuolteenaho  M H Toivari  M S Nieminen 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(11):1818-1824

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of age and body weight on several neurohumoral variables that are commonly altered in heart failure in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. ANIMALS: 17 healthy privately owned Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, 10 males and 7 females, ranging in age from 0.4 to 9.7 years, and ranging in body weight from 6.6 to 12.2 kg. PROCEDURE: The clinical condition of the dogs was evaluated by physical examination, thoracic radiography, and echocardiography. Plasma nitrate and nitrite (P-NN), N-terminal atrial natriuretic and brain natriuretic peptides (NT-ANP and BNP, respectively), endothelin (ET-1), urine cyclic guanosine monophosphate (U-cGMP), and urine nitrate and nitrite (U-NN) concentrations were analyzed. RESULTS: Plasma concentrations of NT-ANP and P-NN increased significantly with age, but plasma NT-ANP and P-NN also correlated significantly, irrespective of age. A modest increase of left atrial size did not explain the increase of NT-ANP and P-NN with age. Concentration of ET-1 correlated positively with heart rate; heart rate did not change with age. Weight had a negative impact on NT-ANP, P-NN, and U-cGMP concentrations and left atrial relative size. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Age-matched controls are essential for evaluation of NT-ANP and P-NN concentrations and left atrial size. Weight may alter reference values of plasma NT-ANP, P-NN, and urine cGMP concentrations. Natriuretic peptides can be used as further evidence that heart failure exists. The increased plasma concentrations of NT-ANP (but not BNP) and P-NN with aging reflect neurohumoral physiologic changes that must be distinguished from pathologic changes in patients with heart failure.  相似文献   

In Vitro Maturation and Fertilization of Buffalo Oocytes: Effects of Storage of Ovaries, IVM Temperatures, Storage of Processed Sperm and Fertilization Media     

BM Ravindranatha  S Nandi  HM Raghu  SM Reddy 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2003,38(1):21-26

Studies were conducted to examine the possibility of preserving slaughterhouse‐derived buffalo ovaries at 4°C for 0 (control), 12 and 24 h to maintain the developmental competence of the oocytes (experiment 1), to assess the effect of incubation temperature during oocyte maturation on rates of in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) of buffalo oocytes and embryo development (experiment 2), and to examine the effect of storage at 25°C for 0 (control), 4 and 8 h of frozen–thawed buffalo sperm and BO and H‐TALP as sperm processing and fertilization media on cleavage and embryo development in vitro of buffalo oocytes (experiment 3) in order to optimize the IVF technology in buffalo. Results suggested that storage of ovaries at 4°C for 12 or 24 h significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the developmental potential of oocytes. Incubation temperatures during the IVM influenced the fertilization rate but had no significant effect on maturation and subsequent embryo development. The incubation temperature of 38.5°C during IVM was found to be optimum for embryo production in vitro. Storage of frozen–thawed sperm at 25°C for 8 h significantly (p < 0.05) decreased its ability to cleave the oocytes. Sperm processed in BO medium had significantly (p < 0.05) higher ability to cleave the oocytes than the H‐TALP medium.  相似文献   

Foreword     

José G. Borges  Ljusk Ola Eriksson 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2014,29(7)

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Faecal characteristics and milk production of dairy cows in early-lactation fed diets differing in forage types in commercial herds     

A. C. Mgbeahuruike  P. Nørgaard  T. Eriksson  M. Nordqvist 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2016,66(1):8-16

Effects of grass–clover silage (GCS) alone or combined with whole-crop cereal silage, maize silage (MS) or ensiled pressed sugar beet pulp (EPSB) on faecal characteristics and performance of early-lactation dairy cows were studied in 26 herds. Data were analysed with herd as the experimental unit and correlation coefficients among the variables were estimated. Feeding MS combined with GCS resulted in faeces of a firmer consistency (P?P?r?=?0.83, P?r?=??0.54, P?r?=?0.63, P?相似文献   

Lignin distribution in birch (Betula verrucosa) as determined by mercurization with SEM- and TEM-EDXA     

I. Eriksson  O. Lidbrandt  U. Westermark 《Wood Science and Technology》1988,22(3):251-257

Summary A new technique suitable for determination of lignin distribution in hardwoods has been developed. The technique is based on the mercurization of the aromatic nucleus of the lignin and a concomitant determination of the mercury content by the SEM- or TEM-EDXA technique. An incorporation of one mole mercury per mole lignin (C₉-unit) was obtained for the birch lignin. The concentration of lignin was found to be about 3 times higher in the cell corners of the middle lamella than in the secondary wall of the birch fibers. The cell wall of the vessels and the ray cells were almost equal in lignin concentration and had about 1.5–1.6 times higher concentration than the secondary wall of the fibers. No specific mass loss of the organically bound mercury during the electron beam bombardment was found under the conditions used in this work.  相似文献   

Biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Prof. K. -E. L. Eriksson 《Wood Science and Technology》1990,24(1):79-101

Summary Biotechnology implies the technical exploitation of biological processes. One of nature's most important biological processes is the degradation of wood and other lignocellulosic materials to carbon dioxide, water, and humic substances. Consequently, there should be possibilities to apply biotechnology to wood conversion. This article summarizes briefly the knowledge relating to the enzymic degradation of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. However, it is mainly focused upon biotechnological processes in commercial use or in various stages of development for the pulp and paper industry. Areas covered are ethanol and protein production, water purification, development of new bleaching techniques, microbial delignification (biopulping), and development of biosensors for analysis of pulp fiber surfaces.Academy lecture presented on May 18, 1989 at the Fourth International Conference on Biotechnology in the Pulp and Paper Industry. Raleigh, NC USA  相似文献   

Fiber swelling favoured by lignin softening     

I. Eriksson  I. Haglind  O. Lidbrandt  L. Sahnén 《Wood Science and Technology》1991,25(2):135-144

Summary The effect of temperature on the uptake of water by various pulps has been studied at temperatures from 20 to 95°C. In the case of lignin-containing pulps, i.e. pulps which have been chlorite-delignified to various degrees, the swelling increases rapidly above a temperature of 60 to 75°C. For a CTMP where the softening temperature of the lignin has been lowered, a maximum in swelling is obtained at 50 to 60°C. When no lignin is present, as in cotton linters and holocellulose, the temperature has no effect on the swelling but the level of swelling in the holocellulose pulp is very high. It is suggested that the increase in swelling above 60 to 75°C is due to the softening of the lignin, the flow of which makes swelling possible. Below its softening temperature, the stiff lignin restricts the swelling which is primarily promoted by water uptake in the hemicelluloses. Some implications for pulping processes are discussed.The authors thank Miss Madeleine Ansén for skilful experimental assistance and Dr. J. A. Bristow for the linguistic revision  相似文献   

Renal corticopapillary concentration gradient in calves     

L Eriksson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1972,13(2):197-205

From 31 calves samples were taken from blood, urine and kidneys in a slaughterhouse. The calves were divided into three age groups: A. Newborn calves, B. Grazing calves, C. Bulls and heifers. The renal cortical and papillary potassium concentrations were higher in younger than in older calves. The corticopapillary urea and sodium concentration gradients during antidiuresis give good information about renal concentrating ability. The urea gradient was fully developed in the newborn calves. The sodium gradient, however, showed a small, but statistically significant difference between the age groups. Thus the papillary sodium content was lower in the newborn calves than in the older animals while the cortical sodium concentration was higher in the newborn and in the grazing calves than in bulls and heifers. Compared to the neonatal rat and rabbit the newborn calf has a high, but not fully developed corticopapillary concentration gradient.  相似文献   

Limulus test--a rapid and simple method for the detection of endotoxins produced by gram-negative bacteria in mastitis milk     

P Jonsson  L Bj?rklund  A S Olofson  O Eriksson 《Nordisk veterinaermedicin》1985,37(5):298-305

According to the present study the limulus amebocyte lysate test (LAL) seems to be a convenient test to detect endotoxin in milk from udder quarters with and without inflammation. The correlation between endotoxin concentration and the results from the bacteriological investigation of 79 milk samples was good (Table I). Determination of endotoxin in 20 milk samples from cases of acute clinical mastitis with high cell count and a negative bacteriological culture showed that all but one had an endotoxin concentration of greater than 1.0 ng/ml milk (Table II). By using a micromethod of the LAL it is possible to detect cases of mastitis caused by gram-negative bacteria about one hour after the sample has reached the laboratory. In a preliminary field study milk from 13 cases of acute clinical mastitis were tested by a modified limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test ("cowshed test"). A 100% correlation to bacteriological findings was observed (Table IV). By using the LAL test to detect mastitis cases caused by gram-negative bacteria great economic advantages and less risk for resistance problems can be achieved by using proper antibiotics. This is the fact in Sweden where the frequency of acute clinical mastitis caused by streptococci (100% of strains sensitive for penicillin) and Staphylococcus aureus (about 90% of strains sensitive for penicillin) is high (70-80%) and about 20% are caused by gram-negative bacteria, mostly E. coli.  相似文献   

Significant effects of temperature on the reproductive output of the forest herb Anemone nemorosa L.     

P. De Frenne  B.J. Graae  A. Kolb  J. Brunet  O. Chabrerie  S.A.O. Cousins  G. Decocq  R. Dhondt  M. Diekmann  O. Eriksson  T. Heinken  M. Hermy  Ü. Jõgar  R. Saguez  A. Shevtsova  S. Stanton  R. Zindel  M. Zobel  K. Verheyen 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010,259(4):809-817

Climate warming is already influencing plant migration in different parts of the world. Numerous models have been developed to forecast future plant distributions. Few studies, however, have investigated the potential effect of warming on the reproductive output of plants. Understorey forest herbs in particular, have received little attention in the debate on climate change impacts.This study focuses on the effect of temperature on sexual reproductive output (number of seeds, seed mass, germination percentage and seedling mass) of Anemone nemorosa L., a model species for slow colonizing herbaceous forest plants. We sampled seeds of A. nemorosa in populations along a 2400 km latitudinal gradient from northern France to northern Sweden during three growing seasons (2005, 2006 and 2008). This study design allowed us to isolate the effects of accumulated temperature (Growing Degree Hours; GDH) from latitude and the local abiotic and biotic environment. Germination and seed sowing trials were performed in incubators, a greenhouse and under field conditions in a forest. Finally, we disentangled correlations between the different reproductive traits of A. nemorosa along the latitudinal gradient.We found a clear positive relationship between accumulated temperature and seed and seedling traits: reproductive output of A. nemorosa improved with increasing GDH along the latitudinal gradient. Seed mass and seedling mass, for instance, increased by 9.7% and 10.4%, respectively, for every 1000 °C h increase in GDH. We also derived strong correlations between several seed and seedling traits both under field conditions and in incubators. Our results indicate that seed mass, incubator-based germination percentage (Germ%_Inc) and the output of germinable seeds (product of number of seeds and Germ%_Inc divided by 100) from plants grown along a latitudinal gradient (i.e. at different temperature regimes) provide valuable proxies to parameterize key population processes in models.We conclude that (1) climate warming may have a pronounced positive impact on sexual reproduction of A. nemorosa and (2) climate models forecasting plant distributions would benefit from including the temperature sensitivity of key seed traits and population processes.  相似文献