What is your diagnosis? Disk herniation in the tail of a dog     

Akin EY  Narak J  Simpson ST 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2011,238(2):153-154

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Blastomycotic osteomyelitis associated with severe lameness in a horse     

Méndez-Angulo JL  Swaab ME  Malone E  Olson EJ  Chalkley MD  Aird B  Ward C 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2011,52(12):1303-1307

A 12-year-old Quarter horse gelding was presented for evaluation of severe right forelimb lameness, 2 draining tracts over the lateral aspect of the right proximal antebrachium, and weight loss. A presumptive diagnosis of blastomycotic osteomyelitis was established based on radiographs and cytology of the exudate. This diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy.  相似文献   

The prevalence and nature of cardiac arrhythmias in horses following general anaesthesia and surgery     

Ruth A Morgan  Alexandra G Raftery  Peter Cripps  Jonathan M Senior  Catherine M McGowan 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2011,53(1):62

Background

The prevalence and nature of arrhythmias in horses following general anaesthesia and surgery is poorly documented. It has been proposed that horses undergoing emergency surgery for gastrointestinal disorders may be at particular risk of developing arrhythmias. Our primary objective was to determine the prevalence and nature of arrhythmias in horses following anaesthesia in a clinical setting and to establish if there was a difference in the prevalence of arrhythmias between horses with and without gastrointestinal disease undergoing surgery. Our secondary objective was to assess selected available risk factors for association with the development of arrhythmias following anaesthesia and surgery.

Methods

Horses with evidence of gastrointestinal disease undergoing an exploratory laparotomy and horses with no evidence of gastrointestinal disease undergoing orthopaedic surgery between September 2009 and January 2011 were recruited prospectively. A telemetric electrocardiogram (ECG) was fitted to each horse following recovery from anaesthesia and left in place for 24 hours. Selected electrolytes were measured before, during and after surgery and data was extracted from clinical records for analysis. Recorded ECGs were analysed and the arrhythmias characterised. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with the development of arrhythmias.

Results

Sixty-seven horses with gastrointestinal disease and 37 without gastrointestinal disease were recruited. Arrhythmias were very common during the post-operative period in both groups of horses. Supra-ventricular and bradyarrhythmias predominated in both groups. There were no significant differences in prevalence of any type of arrhythmias between the horses with or without gastrointestinal disease. Post-operative tachycardia and sodium derangements were associated with the development of any type of arrhythmia.

Conclusions

This is the first study to report the prevalence of arrhythmias in horses during the post-operative period in a clinical setting. This study shows that arrhythmias are very common in horses following surgery. It showed no differences between those horses with or without gastrointestinal disease. Arrhythmias occurring in horses during the post-anaesthetic period require further investigation.  相似文献   

Normative ocular data for juvenile and adult Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)     

Justine A. Presby  Erin M. Scott  Keri N. Norman  Sharman M. Hoppes  Ian Tizard 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2020,23(3):526-533

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A novel MCT1 and MCT4 dual inhibitor reduces mitochondrial metabolism and inhibits tumour growth of feline oral squamous cell carcinoma     

Ali Khammanivong  Jhuma Saha  Angela K. Spartz  Brent S. Sorenson  Alexander G. Bush  Derek M. Korpela  Raj Gopalakrishnan  Shirisha Jonnalagadda  Venkatram R. Mereddy  Timothy D. O'Brien  Lester R. Drewes  Erin B. Dickerson 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2020,18(3):324-341

Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) support tumour growth by regulating the transport of metabolites in the tumour microenvironment. High MCT1 or MCT4 expression is correlated with poor outcomes in human patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Recently, drugs targeting these transporters have been developed and may prove to be an effective treatment strategy for HNSCC. Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive and treatment‐resistant malignancy resembling advanced or recurrent HNSCC. The goals of this study were to investigate the effects of a previously characterized dual MCT1 and MCT4 inhibitor, MD‐1, in OSCC as a novel treatment approach for feline oral cancer. We also sought to determine the potential of feline OSCC as a large animal model for the further development of MCT inhibitors to treat human HNSCC. In vitro, MD‐1 reduced the viability of feline OSCC and human HNSCC cell lines, altered glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism and synergized with platinum‐based chemotherapies. While MD‐1 treatment increased lactate concentrations in an HNSCC cell line, the inhibitor failed to alter lactate levels in feline OSCC cells, suggesting an MCT‐independent activity. In vivo, MD‐1 significantly inhibited tumour growth in a subcutaneous xenograft model and prolonged overall survival in an orthotopic model of feline OSCC. Our results show that MD‐1 may be an effective therapy for the treatment of feline oral cancer. Our findings also support the further investigation of feline OSCC as a large animal model to inform the development of MCT inhibitors and future clinical studies in human HNSCC.  相似文献   

Emerging therapeutic approaches for canine sarcomas: Pushing the boundaries beyond the conventional     

Antonella Borgatti  Erin B. Dickerson  Jessica Lawrence 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2020,18(1):9-24

Sarcomas represent a group of genomically chaotic, highly heterogenous tumours of mesenchymal origin with variable mutational load. Conventional therapy with surgery and radiation therapy is effective for managing small, low‐grade sarcomas and remains the standard therapeutic approach. For advanced, high‐grade, recurrent, or metastatic sarcomas, systemic chemotherapy provides minimal benefit, therefore, there is a drive to develop novel approaches. The discovery of “Coley's toxins” in the 19th century, and their use to stimulate the immune system supported the application of unconventional therapies for the treatment of sarcomas. While promising, this initial work was abandoned and treatment paradigm and disease course of sarcomas was largely unchanged for several decades. Exciting new therapies are currently changing treatment algorithms for advanced carcinomas and melanomas, and similar approaches are being applied to advance the field of sarcoma research. Recent discoveries in subtype‐specific cancer biology and the identification of distinct molecular targets have led to the development of promising targeted strategies with remarkable potential to change the landscape of sarcoma therapy in dogs. The purpose of this review article is to describe the current standard of care and limitations as well as emerging approaches for sarcoma therapy that span many of the most active paradigms in oncologic research, including immunotherapies, checkpoint inhibitors, and drugs capable of cellular metabolic reprogramming.  相似文献   

Inaccurate point‐of‐care blood glucose measurement in a dog with secondary erythrocytosis     

Erin R. McQuinn  Austin K. Viall  Margaret A. Hirschfield  Jessica L. Ward  Unity Jeffery  Dana N. LeVine 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2020,30(1):81-85

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Effects of metronidazole on the fecal microbiome and metabolome in healthy dogs     

Rachel Pilla  Frederic P. Gaschen  James W. Barr  Erin Olson  Julia Honneffer  Blake C. Guard  Amanda B. Blake  Dean Villanueva  Mohammad R. Khattab  Mustafa K. AlShawaqfeh  Jonathan A. Lidbury  Jörg M. Steiner  Jan S. Suchodolski 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(5):1853-1866

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Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of xylazine and dexmedetomidine in horses recovering from isoflurane anesthesia     

Alonso Guedes  Heather Knych  Laura Tucker  Daniel C. Almeida  Caroline F. Baldo  Erin Wendt-Hornickle  Sandra Allweiler 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(4):369-376

This study determined the pharmacokinetics and compared the clinical effects of xylazine and dexmedetomidine in horses recovering from isoflurane anesthesia. Six healthy horses aged 8.5 ± 3 years and weighing 462 ± 50 kg were anesthetized with isoflurane for 2 hr under standard conditions on two occasions one-week apart. In recovery, horses received 200 μg/kg xylazine or 0.875 μg/kg dexmedetomidine intravenously and were allowed to recover without assistance. These doses were selected because they have been used for postanesthetic sedation in clinical and research studies. Serial venous blood samples were collected for quantification of xylazine and dexmedetomidine, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Two individuals blinded to treatment identity evaluated recovery quality with a visual analog scale. Times to stand were recorded. Results (mean ± SD) were compared using paired t tests or Wilcoxon signed-ranked test with p < .05 considered significant. Elimination half-lives (62.7 ± 21.8 and 30.1 ± 8 min for xylazine and dexmedetomidine, respectively) and steady-state volumes of distribution (215 ± 123 and 744 ± 403 ml/kg) were significantly different between xylazine and dexmedetomidine, whereas clearances (21.1 ± 17.3 and 48.6 ± 28.1 ml/minute/kg), times to stand (47 ± 24 and 53 ± 12 min) and recovery quality (51 ± 24 and 61 ± 22 mm VAS) were not significantly different. When used for postanesthetic sedation following isoflurane anesthesia in healthy horses, dexmedetomidine displays faster plasma kinetics but is not associated with faster recoveries compared to xylazine.  相似文献   

Evaluation of transanal minimally invasive surgery for submucosal rectal resection in cadaveric canine specimens     

Philipp D. Mayhew BVM&S  DACVS  Ingrid M. Balsa DVM  DACVS  Christian N. Guerzon  Erin A. Gibson DVM  M. Kevin Keel DVM  PhD  Maurício Veloso Brun DVM  MSc  PhD  Felipe J. Lillo Araya DVM  DIM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(7):1378-1387

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