Sectional notes     

L. M. Ware  Frank E. Garrett  M. A. Lindsay  Ernest Marx  A. H. Eddins  John L. Toevs  W. B. Ward  John S. Gardner  J. C. Campbell  H. R. Talmage  E. V. Hardenburg  Marx Koehnke  M. E. Gardner  Earl B. Tussing  W. C. Barnes  John Noonan  Harold L. Bailey  Charles D. Gaines 《American Journal of Potato Research》1945,22(6):188-196

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Pigs: A Handbook to the Breeds of the World          下载免费PDF全文

Ernest Sanford 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1994,35(11):719-720

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Mixed function oxidase and glutathione transferase activity in last instar Heliothis virescens larvae     

Fred Gould  Ernest Hodgson 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1980,13(1):34-40

Methyl parathion-resistant and -susceptible strains of Heliothis virescens were assayed for mixed function oxidase and glutathione transferase activity at four time periods within the last instar. No significant differences were found between the mixed function oxidase or glutathione transferase activities of the resistant and susceptible strains. However, significant differences did appear among time periods within the last instar. Larvae assayed during the postfeeding time period (60–80 hr) had the highest mixed function oxidase activity, which was 28 times that of last instar larvae assayed during the first time period (0–19 hr). Glutathione transferase activity appeared to be highest during the 20- to 39-hr and 40- to 59-hr time periods, but the differences among time periods were small. The importance of these findings to studies of insecticide resistance and plant herbivore interactions is discussed.  相似文献   

The development of flamprop-isopropyl—A new wild oat herbicide for use in barley     

Ernest Haddock  Donald Jordan  Alan J. Sampson 《Pest management science》1975,6(3):273-281

Flamprop-isopropyl, isopropyl (±)-2-[N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)benzamido]-propionate, has been shown to give good control of Avena spp. in barley. Results from glasshouse tests have been confirmed in field trials over two seasons, in 8 European countries, using a 200 g/litre formulation of the herbicide. In Spring barley the crop stage during which application should be made for optimum weed control and crop benefit lies between late tillering and the formation of the second node.  相似文献   

Toxicological studies with the 1,3,5-triazine herbicide cyanazine     

A. Ian T. Walker  Vernon K. H. Brown  Jiro K. Kodama  Ernest Thorpe  Andrew B. Wilson 《Pest management science》1974,5(2):153-159

Acute and long-term mammalian toxicity studies were carried out with the 1,3,5-triazine herbicide cyanazine (I) and its two major plant and soil metabolites DW 43 85 (II) and DW 4394 (III). Depending upon the species used, the acute oral LD50 values for cyanazine ranged from 140-750 mg/kg, the values in any one species not being influenced by formulation. The acute, percutaneous LD50 values were greater than 1000 mg/kg, the maximum dose which could be administered. Cyanazine was non-irritant to eyes and skin and a non-sensitiser to skin. The acute oral LD50 in rats for (II) was 789 mg/kg and for (III) was >2000 mg/kg. In 13-week studies on cyanazine, reduced growth rates and organ weight changes were the most sensitive criteria of exposure, 25 parts/million in the diet of rats and 5 mg/kg orally dosed to dogs being considered to be without toxicological effect. In two year studies 12 parts/million in the diet of rats and 1.25 mg/kg, orally dosed to dogs produced no changes of toxicological significance. In 13-week studies with (II) and (III), intakes of up to 10 000 parts/million in the diet failed to produce any toxicologically significant changes.  相似文献   

Cross-sectional prevalence of Fasciola gigantica infections in beef cattle in Botswana     

Mochankana  M. Ernest  Robertson  Ian D. 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(6):1355-1363

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and distribution of Fasciola gigantica infections in communally grazed and ranch-grazed beef cattle through coprological examination. A total of 8646 cattle (4618 adults, 2843 weaners and 1185 calves) faecal samples were collected during the 24 months of study. Results from this study indicated that only 64 (0.74%; 95% CI 0.57, 0.94%) of the samples were positive for F. gigantica eggs. The positive samples were detected in one (Central) of the six study districts and was restricted to the Tuli Block (commercial) farms in Machaneng village in eastern Botswana. The prevalence of fluke eggs was significantly higher in adult cattle (12.85%; 95% CI 9.72, 16.54%) than weaners (6.49%; 95% CI 3.40, 11.06%) and calves (0.79%; 95% CI 0.02, 4.31%), (χ²(2)?=?19.01, p?<?0.001). Thus, adults (OR?=?18.57; 95% CI 2.54, 135.81%) were approximately 20 times more likely to be infected than calves. By taking liver inspection as a gold standard for diagnosis of fasciolosis, the sensitivity of the sedimentation technique was found to be 72.41% and the specificity 100%, with moderate relationship (κ?=?0.53; 95% CI 0.31–0.75) between the two methods. This study has demonstrated that infection of cattle from Botswana, with F. gigantica, was low and distribution of the fluke appeared to be linked to suitable environmental conditions for the intermediate host snail. However, detailed surveillance studies, involving more cattle and areas, are required to verify the true prevalence. Such information would assist in the design of appropriate, strategic and effective fluke control programmes.

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Ocular anatomy of the black pacu (Colossoma macropomum): gross,histologic, and diagnostic imaging          下载免费PDF全文

Kate A. Gustavsen  Joanne R. Paul‐Murphy  Ernest Scott Weber III  Allison L. Zwingenberger  Freeland H. Dunker  Richard R. Dubielzig  Christopher M. Reilly  Christopher J. Murphy 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2018,21(5):507-515

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No evidence of Trichinella spp. in domestic pig carcasses at a selected abattoir in southern Botswana     

Segwagwe  Basiamisi Ernest  Machete  James  Ntwaetsile  Mpho  Mushonga  Borden  Kandiwa  Erick 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(5):1273-1275

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Trichinellosis is a worldwide zoonosis with genotypes affecting different domestic and wild animals and is widely distributed throughout the world. Species...  相似文献   

Uncertainties associated with trophic discrimination factor and body size complicate calculation of δ15N-derived trophic positions in Arapaima sp.     

Cristina Mariana Jacobi  Francisco Villamarín  Timothy D. Jardine  William Ernest Magnusson 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2020,29(4):779-789

Stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) have been used to estimate trophic position (TP) of organisms due to the predictable enrichment of nitrogen-15 in consumer tissues relative to their diet. We explored estimates of trophic position using liver and muscle δ¹⁵N and stomach content analysis in a broad size range of Arapaima sp. from Amazonian floodplain lakes. Estimates of TP based on liver δ¹⁵N were more closely related to the stomach content data than estimates based on muscle δ¹⁵N, possibly because of the higher turnover of nitrogen in liver. Total length and season explained most of the variation in TP values estimated from δ¹⁵N, showing that they have more effect than prey trophic position on δ¹⁵N values. The TP estimated by identification of stomach content was 3.6 and was unrelated to the size of the arapaima. This highlights the need for a better understanding of the factors that affect values of δ¹⁵N and stomach content analysis is still needed to unravel the trophic ecology of predatory fishes.  相似文献   

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome in a Quarter Horse Gelding: A Case Report of PPIB-Independent Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia     

Samantha M. Steelman  Nikki D. Jackson  Eleanore Conant  Rytis Juras  Ernest G. Cothran  John F. Edwards  Bhanu P. Chowdhary 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

A Quarter Horse gelding presented with pathology consistent with hereditary equine regional dermal asthenia (HERDA) but without the familial association typically present with this disease. Grossly, lesions exhibited either a firm, scar-like appearance or a potential space between the superficial and deep dermis. Both lesioned and non-lesioned skin showed evidence of edema and collagen fragmentation, whereas lesions were also characterized by hemorrhage and inflammation. Genetic testing was performed by three independent laboratories, each using different methods to detect the mutation described in the PPIB gene, previously shown to be associated with HERDA. No mutations in the PPIB gene were revealed by genetic testing, either at the known location of the point mutation or at any other location in the coding sequence. These findings are suggestive of a diagnosis of HERDA or hyperelastosis cutis in the absence of the well-described, putatively causative mutation in the PPIB gene. We propose that, whereas HERDA refers specifically to a familial disease caused by a mutation in the PPIB gene, similar symptoms may in fact be caused by a syndrome resulting from either inherited or spontaneous mutations in any of a number of collagen-processing genes. We conclude that Ehlers-Danlos syndrome be diagnosed in horses of any breed with HERDA-like pathology without the causative mutation.  相似文献