Mean platelet component as an indicator of platelet activation in foals and adult horses   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Segura D  Monreal L  Armengou L  Tarancón I  Brugués R  Escolar G 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(5):1076-1082

BACKGROUND: Mean platelet component (MPC) is a new platelet variable, measured by modern commercial complete blood count analyzers, that is reduced during platelet activation in humans and small animals. HYPOTHESIS: MPC decreases in horses with clinical conditions that cause platelet activation and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). ANIMALS: We obtained 418 CBCs from 100 sick and 20 healthy neonates and 178 sick and 45 sound adult horses. Sick neonates were classified into septic and nonseptic, and DIC and non-DIC groups. Adults were grouped by diagnoses (systemic inflammatory disorders, gastrointestinal problems, and thrombocytopenia). METHODS: MPC together with platelet count, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, and platelet component distribution width were measured with a commercial analyzer and compared between the different disease and control groups in neonates and in adults. RESULTS: MPC values were significantly lower in the septic and nonseptic neonates (24.0 +/- 3.5 g/dL and 26.6 +/- 2.6 g/dL, respectively) than in the control group (28.1 +/- 1.7 g/dL). Neonates with DIC had the lowest MPC values (23.8 +/- 6.3 g/dL). MPC values in adult horses were significantly lower in the inflammatory (23.5 +/- 4.7 g/dL), gastrointestinal obstruction (23.0 +/- 5.0 g/dL), enteritis (23.6 +/- 4.6 g/dL), ischemic (23.9 +/- 5.1 g/dL), and thrombocytopenia (20.2 +/- 5.7 g/dL) groups when compared with control horses (26.2 +/- 3.5 g/dL). Other platelet variables were not different between the control and the disease groups. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: MPC might be a useful variable for quickly and easily detecting platelet activation in sick neonates and adult horses.  相似文献   

Efficacy of low‐level laser therapy on hair regrowth in dogs with noninflammatory alopecia: a pilot study          下载免费PDF全文

Lara Olivieri  Damiano Cavina  Giada Radicchi  Vincenzo Miragliotta  Francesca Abramo 《Veterinary dermatology》2015,26(1):35-e11

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Correspondence     

Lara Armengou DVM  PhD  DipECEIM  A. Lempe 《Equine Veterinary Education》2012,24(12):650-650

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A Dunaliella salina Extract Counteracts Skin Aging under Intense Solar Irradiation Thanks to Its Antiglycation and Anti-Inflammatory Properties     

Fabien Havas  Shlomo Krispin  Moshe Cohen  Estelle Loing  Morgane Farge  Thierry Suere  Joan Attia-Vigneau 《Marine drugs》2022,20(2)

Glycation, and the resulting buildup of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), is recognized as a key driver of cumulative skin damage and skin aging. Dunaliella salina is a halophile microalga adapted to intense solar radiation through the production of carotenoids. We present a natural supercritical CO₂ extract of Dunaliella salina rich in the colorless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene. The extract exhibited antiglycation and anti-inflammatory activities in ex vivo testing, showing strongly reduced formation of N-ε-carboxy-methyl-lysine with exposure to methylglyoxal, reduced AGE receptor levels, and significantly reduced interleukins 6 and 8. In a placebo-controlled clinical study under intense solar exposure, the extract significantly reduced the skin’s glycation scores and its sensitivity to histamine; key skin aging parameters were also significantly improved vs. placebo, including wrinkle counts and spots. These results demonstrate the value of this Dunaliella salina extract, rich in colorless carotenoids, as an antiglycative, anti-inflammatory, and antiaging active ingredient, including in high-irradiation contexts.  相似文献   

Managing “Marandu” palisadegrass and calopo pastures based on light interception     

Luis Alberto Depablos Alviarez  Bruno Grossi Costa Homem  Paula Hevilen do Couto  José Carlos Batista Dubeux Jr  Thiago Fernandes Bernardes  Daniel Rume Casagrande  Marcio André Stefanelli Lara 《Grass and Forage Science》2020,75(4):447-461

Light interception (LI) in grazing management has been an efficient tool to harvest forage under similar growth stage conditions. The objective was to define the best grazing management strategies (GMSs) based on LI in marandu palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha [Hochst. ex A. Rich.] R. Webster cv. Marandu) and calopo (Calopogonium mucunoides Desv. cv. Comum) mixed pastures. Three GMSs were evaluated in a randomized block design: rest period interrupted at 90% (90LI), 95% (95LI) and 100% (100LI) of LI. The experimental period was divided into four periods: rainy seasons and transitions (between rainy and dry seasons). Post-grazing stubble height target was 15 cm. Canopy height, forage mass, leaf area index (LAI), morphogenic variables and tiller demographic pattern were evaluated. Pre- and post-grazing canopy height increased at 100LI. Pre-grazing forage mass decreased over time in all GMSs. The relationship among canopy height, forage mass and LI was not constant throughout the experiment. Post-grazing forage mass was greatest at 90LI. There was an increase in legume mass throughout the experiment; however, the proportion of legume in pre-grazing forage mass was no more than 6.6% for all GMSs. Number of calopo branches per plant and LAI increased throughout the experiment while the number of plants decreased. The 95LI provided the best conditions for calopo development; however, the LI as a tool to determine the entry of animals in mixed pastures of marandu palisadegrass and calopo should be carefully applied, considering the seasonal variations in canopy botanical and structural composition under similar LI.  相似文献   

Farmers’ management of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) diversity,their varietal preference traits and uses in Southern and Central Benin     

Loko  Yêyinou Laura Estelle  Montcho  David  Zandjanakou-Tachin  Martine  Orobiyi  Azize  Toffa  Joelle  Hounmakou  Elodie  Gavoedo  Dieudonné  Dansi  Alexandre 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2020,23(3):259-272

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the major oilseed legumes contributing to food security in Benin. Unfortunately, several constraints hamper its...  相似文献   

The Gardener's Guide to Common-sense Pest Control. W. Olkowski, S. Daar, H. Olkowski. 1995.     

Lara Senior 《Integrated Pest Management Reviews》1999,4(2):165-165

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Plant traits related to yield of wheat in early, late, or continuous drought conditions     

M. van Ginkel  D.S. Calhoun  G. Gebeyehu  A. Miranda  C. Tian-you  R. Pargas Lara  R.M. Trethowan  K. Sayre  J. Crossa  S. Rajaram 《Euphytica》1998,100(1-3):109-121

Bread wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) were evaluated for plant characteristics contributing to grain yield and plant adaptation under various drought patterns. The usefulness of these traits as explicit selection criteria in developing drought tolerant wheat varieties was investigated in three experiments. Cultivars from four germplasm groups, representing the four relevant major and distinct global wheat growing environments, were grown under the respective simulated early, late, continuous and no drought conditions by manipulating irrigation in north western Mexico. Additionally, 560 advanced lines from the CIMMYT breeding program were grown under late drought conditions, and 16 randomly selected advanced genotypes were studied in more detail under late and no drought conditions. In these three studies, the association between yield in drought-stressed environments and yield in non drought-stressed environments was interpreted to reflect genotypic high yield potential, mainly by way of high biomass development. However, yield potential only partly explained the superior performance under drought. For each pattern of drought stress, particular and often different plant traits were identified that further contributed specific adaptation to the distinct drought stress conditions. Knowledge of these traits will be useful for developing CIMMYT germplasm for specific drought-stressed areas. Ultimately, these studies demonstrate that both yield potential and specific adaptation traits are useful criteria in breeding for drought environments, and should be combined to achieve optimum performance and adaptation to drought stress. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Are similar landscapes the result of similar histories?     

Aude Ernoult  Sylviano Freiré-Diaz  Estelle Langlois  Didier Alard 《Landscape Ecology》2006,21(5):631-639

This landscape study was based on the sampling of 20 replicated landscape sites (1 km² each) that were located within the floodplain of the river Seine. For each site, 13 landscape variables were measured at three dates (1963–1985–2000). The aim of this study was to investigate the overall landscape variability through its different dimensions (space vs. time) and to assess the relative importance of each dimension. We used a new statistical method, i.e., partial triadic analysis (PTA), which allowed us to assess both (1) the spatial variability of the floodplain landscape and its dynamics in time and (2) the dynamic trajectories of the landscape variables for each site. The results showed, at the floodplain scale, the same landscape pattern has emerged since 1963, although a major trend was observed which consisted in a decrease in meadows resulting from an increase in arable crops. At the site scale, landscape sites, even if they were all influenced by this general trend during the 40-year period, showed contrasting trajectories. These results suggest that similar sites in 2000 do not necessarily share common histories and that contrasting sites in 2000 may have originated from similar patterns in 1963. The issue of biodiversity surrogates is then discussed, suggesting that new landscape metrics should be developed, emphasising spatial variability and (or) temporal dynamics.  相似文献   

Biochemical responses associated with common bean defence against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum     

Monik Evelin Leite  João Bosco dos Santos  Pedro Martins Ribeiro Jr.  Danuza Araujo de Souza  Letícia Aparecida de Castro Lara  Mário Lúcio Vilela de Resende 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,138(2):391-404

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in defence compounds of common bean cultivars with different levels of resistance to the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and determine the relation of the compounds to pathogen tolerance. The lines were inoculated with the pathogen and assessed for enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters related to plant defence: peroxidases (POX), polyphenol oxidases (PPO), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), total soluble phenol and lignin contents. Stem tissue samples were collected from two regions of the plant for biochemical analyses. Stem tissue samples were collected from two regions of the plant for biochemical analyses. In the position one, 5 cm of the stem was collected from the region with necrosis caused by the pathogen, and in the position two, 5 cm of the stem was collected from the end of the position one at the times of 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h after inoculation (HAI). Greater lignin and total soluble phenol contents and greater induction of POX and SOD activity in inoculated plants in the region near the inoculation (position one) indicate local activation with later signalling for activation of defence mechanisms in other regions of the plant. The genotype with a greater level of resistance was superior to the susceptible one in regard to lignin production and the activities of POX, APX and SOD defence enzymes. These results suggest that a combination of these defence responses in common bean may contribute to greater plant resistance to the pathogen and that these enzymes have potential use in selection of common bean genotypes.  相似文献