Yield trade-off and the role of parental selection based on seed size when breeding for soybean seed protein     

Ezequiel Saenz  Lucas Borrás  Juan S. Panelo  Florencia B. Poeta  José L. Rotundo 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(1):54-65

Alternative physiological strategies can increase protein concentration in soybean: (i) more-than-proportional increases in seed protein content (mg seed⁻¹) relative to increases in carbohydrate and oil content in large-seeded genotypes or (ii) more-than-proportional reductions in carbohydrate and/or oil content relative to protein content reductions in small-seeded genotypes. Because these strategies differentially affect crop growth and development, we hypothesized that populations developed from high-protein (HP) parents with contrasting seed sizes will present differences in how seed yield and protein concentration correlate. To test this, three breeding strategies were developed by mating high-yielding cultivars and HP ones that differ in seed sizes, reflecting the alternative strategies mentioned above. Neither tested crossing strategies showed differences in their correlation values between seed yield and protein concentration, as initially expected. Nevertheless, populations developed from crossing a HP-small-seeded parent to a HP-large-seeded one showed the highest number of transgressive segregants for protein yield. Our results showed that parent selection based on seed size has no beneficial effects on the development of high-yielding, HP soybean populations, but it might affect the number of transgressive segregants for protein yield.  相似文献   

Candidate gene markers associated with somatotropic axis and milk selection.   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

I Parmentier  D Portetelle  N Gengler  A Prandi  C Bertozzi  L Vleurick  R Gilson  R Renaville 《Domestic animal endocrinology》1999,17(2-3):139-148

One of the obstacles to progress in dairy cattle selection is that milk production traits are only expressed after the first calving. However, the use of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) technology will improve the efficiency of dairy industry with a positive image for the consumers. QTL are part of the genome showing a preponderant action and explaining the major part of variation of the trait production. At the present time, the two major strategies developed to detect such QTL are the candidate gene approach and the positional genetics approach. The somatotropic axis contains the most promising candidates in this respect, as it strongly regulates milk production. Then, the identification of favorable QTL associated with the somatotropic axis that are significantly correlated with genetic merits for milk production could lead to more effective selection programs.  相似文献   

MicroRNA expression in zebrafish embryonic development   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Wienholds E  Kloosterman WP  Miska E  Alvarez-Saavedra E  Berezikov E  de Bruijn E  Horvitz HR  Kauppinen S  Plasterk RH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5732):310-311

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs, about 21 nucleotides in length, that can regulate gene expression by base-pairing to partially complementary mRNAs. Regulation by miRNAs can play essential roles in embryonic development. We determined the temporal and spatial expression patterns of 115 conserved vertebrate miRNAs in zebrafish embryos by microarrays and by in situ hybridizations, using locked-nucleic acid-modified oligonucleotide probes. Most miRNAs were expressed in a highly tissue-specific manner during segmentation and later stages, but not early in development, which suggests that their role is not in tissue fate establishment but in differentiation or maintenance of tissue identity.  相似文献   

Genetic and morphological divergence in island and mainland birds: Informing conservation priorities     

Rachael Y. Dudaniec  Beth E. Schlotfeldt  Terry Bertozzi  Stephen C. Donnellan  Sonia Kleindorfer 《Biological conservation》2011,144(12):2902-2912

Evolutionary processes can complicate conservation efforts for species with uncertain taxonomic classifications and discrete geographic populations. Discordant morphological and genetic patterns across the geographic range of species further calls for the identification of evolutionary significant units for conservation. Using island and mainland populations of a small Australian passerine (the superb fairy-wren, Malurus cyaneus), we examine the relationship between morphological and genetic divergence among two subspecies, M. c. ashbyi (Kangaroo Island, South Australia) and M. c. leggei (South Australia, mainland), using eight microsatellite markers. Island birds showed clear evidence for morphological divergence, with a larger body size and thinner bill compared to mainland birds. Two genetic clusters were found using Bayesian methods, comprising mainland and island regions. Estimates of recent migration rates between all sites were very low (<2%). Morphological and genetic differentiation between island and mainland sites correlated significantly, but not when controlling for isolation by distance. Genetic and morphological substructure was evident with three distinct genetic clusters in each region. Males, the highly sedentary sex, appeared to drive correlations between morphological and genetic differentiation. Our study provides evidence that the subspecies classification of M. cyaneus in island and mainland regions encapsulates two independently diverging populations that can be recognised in conservation planning.  相似文献   

Why do Pinus species have different growth dominance patterns than Eucalyptus species? A hypothesis based on differential physiological plasticity     

María Elena Fernández  Ezequiel Fernández Tschieder 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,261(6):1061-1068

It has been observed that Eucalyptus stands show high growth dominance levels while Pinus stands show null or low growth dominance levels. We hypothesized that this differential behaviour is linked to a higher degree of physiological-biochemical plasticity in Eucalyptus than in Pinus species related to photosynthetic capacity. This leads to an increment in growth efficiency (GE) difference between the largest and the smallest trees of a stand, and therefore to high growth dominance levels in Eucalyptus. To test our hypothesis we carried out a bibliographical survey and reanalyzed data from Pinus ponderosa and Pinus taeda plantations in Argentina. We found that some species within the genus Eucalyptus present higher growth dominance levels, physiological plasticity and GE differentiation than Pinus species. The mean maximum values of these traits reported for any Eucalyptus species were: growth dominance coefficient, 0.48; photosynthetic capacity increment when resource availability increases, 175%; GE difference between the largest and the smallest trees of a stand, 300%. Mean maximum values for the same traits reported for any Pinus species were 0.13, no phostosynthetic plasticity as the most frequent pattern, and 51%, respectively. In Pinus species the most frequent response to an increase in resource availability is characterized by an increase in leaf area or biomass, maintaining a similar photosynthetic capacity per unit area. However, it appears that in P. ponderosa there are some situations, characterized by a high degree of intraspecific competition, leading to a very high degree of GE differentiation which deserve future research. Although we did not find any study reporting simultaneously all variables concerning our hypothesis (growth dominance, growth efficiency differentiation and physiological plasticity) any of the circumstantial evidence found in the bibliography contrasts our hypothesis.  相似文献   

Development of a genomic tool for breed assignment by comparison of different classification models: Application to three local cattle breeds     

Hlne Wilmot  Jeanne Bormann  Hlne Soyeurt  Xavier Hubin  Gry Glorieux  Patrick Mayeres  Carlo Bertozzi  Nicolas Gengler 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2022,139(1):40-61

Assignment of individual cattle to a specific breed can often not rely on pedigree information. This is especially the case for local breeds for which the development of genomic assignment tools is required to allow individuals of unknown origin to be included to their herd books. A breed assignment model can be based on two specific stages: (a) the selection of breed-informative markers and (b) the assignment of individuals to a breed with a classification method. However, the performance of combination of methods used in these two stages has been rarely studied until now. In this study, the combination of 16 different SNP panels with four classification methods was developed on 562 reference genotypes from 12 cattle breeds. Based on their performances, best models were validated on three local breeds of interest. In cross-validation, 14 models had a global cross-validation accuracy higher than 90%, with a maximum of 98.22%. In validation, best models used 7,153 or 2,005 SNPs, based on a partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and assigned individuals to breeds based on nearest shrunken centroids. The average validation sensitivity of the first two best models for the three local breeds of interest were 98.33% and 97.5%. Moreover, results reported in this study suggest that further studies should consider the PLS-DA method when selecting breed-informative SNPs.  相似文献   

Lead accumulation and its effects on the branchial physiology of Prochilodus lineatus     

Andrea Martini Ribeiro  Wagner Ezequiel Risso  Marisa Narciso Fernandes  Claudia B. R. Martinez 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(3):645-657

The purpose of this work was to determine the tissue accumulation of lead (Pb) and its effects on osmoregulatory processes of the freshwater fish Prochilodus lineatus. Juvenile fish were exposed to Pb (from 1.7 to 0.7 mg of dissolved Pb L^?1) for 6, 24 and 96 h and Pb accumulation was analyzed in the gills, liver, kidneys, blood cells and muscle. The following parameters were also analyzed: hematologic (hemoglobin content, hematocrit and number of red blood cells), metabolic (blood glucose), endocrine (blood cortisol), osmo ionic (plasma osmolality and Na⁺, K⁺, Cl^? and Ca⁺² concentrations), gill enzymes (Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase and carbonic anhydrase), chloride cell (CC) density and CC location in the gills. Pb accumulated in all the analyzed tissues, with the kidneys showing the highest concentration, followed by the gills and liver. The lowest Pb concentrations were found in blood cells and muscle. Pb promoted an increase in blood glucose after 6 and 24 h exposure. Gill Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase was inhibited after 24 h of exposure, but its activity was restored at 96 h, probably due to the increase in CC in gill lamellae. Plasma Na⁺ was reduced after 6 and 96 h, while K⁺ concentrations increased at all the experimental times. Fish exposed to Pb showed reduced plasma Ca⁺² at all experimental periods. Hematologic parameters remained unchanged. Overall, this study demonstrated that Pb interferes in osmoregulatory processes of P. lineatus and the proliferation of CC in the gills is a response in order to reestablish adequate ion concentrations.  相似文献   

Basin‐scale distribution and haplotype partitioning in different genetic lineages of the Neotropical migratory fish Salminus brasiliensis          下载免费PDF全文

Eva C. Rueda  Sebastián Sanchez  María Cecilia Bruno  Jorge Casciotta  Gastón Aguilera  Adriana E. Almirón  Federico J. Ruiz Díaz  Delia Fabiana Cancino  Baltazar Bugeau  Ezequiel Mabragaña  Mariano González‐Castro  Matías Delpiani  Juan Martín Díaz de Astarloa 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2018,28(2):444-456

Correction to: Description of a new species of seed-gall nematode, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anguina obesa</Emphasis> n. sp. (Nematoda: Anguinidae) from northern Iran,and its phylogenetic relations with other species and genera     

Mahyar Mobasseri  Majid Pedram  Ebrahim Pourjam  Terry Bertozzi 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,152(1):267-267

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Phenolic Constituents of the Chilean Herbal Tea Fabiana imbricata R. et P.     

Cristina Quispe  Ezequiel Viveros-Valdez  Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(3):242-246

??Pichi?? or ??pichi romero?? (Fabiana imbricata R. et. P., Solanaceae) is a Chilean plant used as a tea in the Andean regions of Chile and Argentina. A very simple and direct method was developed for the qualitative analysis of polyphenols in the tea by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The phenolic constituents identified in the teas were chlorogenic acid (3-O-caffeoylquinic acid), p-hydroxyacetophenone, scopoletin and quercetin derivatives. The glycosides were mainly glucosides from p-hydroxyacetophenone and scopoletin while di- and tri-glycosides from quercetin were the main flavonoids. The content of the main phenolic compounds in the teas (g/100?g lyophilized infusion) was 0.8?C1.9?% for scopoletin, 0.4?C6.2?% for p-hydroxyacetophenone and 2.1?C4.3?% for rutin, respectively. The health-promoting properties reported for this herbal tea can be associated with the presence of several phenolics with known antioxidant, diuretic and antiinflammatory activity.  相似文献