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Abstract Extract Madam:– In 1984 Bedford(l) described a retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy (RPED) in the Briard breed in Great Britain. In a five year survey involving approximately 70% of the Briard popula'tion in Great Britain, 31 % of dogs 18 months of age or older were affected with a primary retinal pigment dystrophy which causes secondary neuroretinal degeneration and in some dogs subsequent blindness. The age of onset of the condition in the British dogs was extremely variable. The majority developed the disease during the two to six year period of their lives but dogs as young as 17 months and as old as nine years were found to be affected for the first time. 相似文献
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Carol H. Carlisle FACVSc. Michael A. Pass Ph.D. Herb E. Lowndes Ph.D. Kenneth R. Reuhl Ph.D. 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(3):207-211
Cultured murine embryonal carcinoma cells were exposed to the tri-iodinated radiographic contrast media iopamidol, iohexol and metrizamide at concentrations below those used for clinical myelography and examined by light and electron microscopy. Cytologic changes consisting of swelling and vacuolation of mitochondria and other cytoplasmic organelles were observed within 1 h of exposure to the contrast media. By 12 h of incubation cells altered shape, lifted from the culture dish and eventually died. These changes occurred irrespective of the osmolarity of the incubation medium and did not occur when cells were incubated in the presence of 1.16 mM EDTA or 10 mM Tris, which are present in commercial preparations of iopamidol and iohexol. Similar cytological changes were observed in cultures of neurons derived from embryonal carcinoma cells and in cultures of rat dorsal root ganglion cells. The results indicate that iopamidol, iohexol and metrizamide are cytotoxic to cells in culture at less than 20% of the concentration used for myelography and this could contribute to the adverse reactions to myelography seen in people and animals. 相似文献
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Congenital Interruption of the Portal Vein and Caudal Vena Cava in Dogs: Six Case Reports and a Review of the Literature 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
GERALDINE B. HUNT BVSc PhD FACVSc CHRISTOPHER R. BELLENGER BVSc PhD FACVSc RICHARD BORG K. RUTH YOUMANS BVSc MACVSc PENELOPE L.C. TISDALL BVSc RICHARD MALIK BVSc PhD FACVSc 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(3):203-215
Objective —To describe six dogs with congenital abnormalities involving the portal vein, caudal vena cava, or both.
Animals —Six client-owned dogs with congenital interruption of the portal vein or the caudal vena cava, or both.
Methods —Portal vein and caudal vena cava anatomy was evaluated by contrast radiography and visualization at surgery. Vascular casts or plastinated specimens were obtained in three animals.
Results —Portal blood shunted into the caudal vena cava in four dogs and the left hepatic vein in one. Two of these five dogs also had interruption of the caudal vena cava with continuation as azygous vein, as did an additional dog, in which the portal vein was normally formed. Portal vein interruption was present in 5 of 74 (6.8%) dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts evaluated at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital during the study period.
Conclusions —Serious malformations of the abdominal veins were present in more than 1 in 20 dogs with single congenital portosystemic shunts.
Clinical Relevance —Veterinarians involved in diagnosis and surgery for portosystemic shunts should be aware of these potential malformations, and portal vein continuity should be evaluated in all dogs before attempting shunt attenuation. 相似文献
Animals —Six client-owned dogs with congenital interruption of the portal vein or the caudal vena cava, or both.
Methods —Portal vein and caudal vena cava anatomy was evaluated by contrast radiography and visualization at surgery. Vascular casts or plastinated specimens were obtained in three animals.
Results —Portal blood shunted into the caudal vena cava in four dogs and the left hepatic vein in one. Two of these five dogs also had interruption of the caudal vena cava with continuation as azygous vein, as did an additional dog, in which the portal vein was normally formed. Portal vein interruption was present in 5 of 74 (6.8%) dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts evaluated at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital during the study period.
Conclusions —Serious malformations of the abdominal veins were present in more than 1 in 20 dogs with single congenital portosystemic shunts.
Clinical Relevance —Veterinarians involved in diagnosis and surgery for portosystemic shunts should be aware of these potential malformations, and portal vein continuity should be evaluated in all dogs before attempting shunt attenuation. 相似文献
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GERALDINE B. HUNT BVSc PhD FACVSc K. RUTH YOUMANS BVSc MACVSc SUSAN SOMMERLAD BVSc MACVSc GRAHAM SWINNEY BVSc MACVSc ANTHONY NICHOLSON BVSc PhD Diplomate ACVA LISA MELVILLE BVSc Diplomate ACVR KAREN L. HOFFMAN BVSc MVSc GRAEME S. ALLAN BVSc MVSc Dipiomate ACVR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(3):262-267
Objective —To present details of an unusual type of portosystemic shunt and its surgical management in two dogs.
Animals —Two young dogs that had a tentative diagnosis of a portosystemic shunt on the basis of clinical signs and serum biochemical abnormalities. Abdominal ultrasonography and contrast portography demonstrated multiple intrahepatic shunts. In both cases, the multiple shunts arose from a single branch of the portal vein.
Outcome—It was possible to locate and attenuate flow through the shunts via a transportal venotomy under conditions of hepatic vascular occlusion. Clinical and biochemical abnormalities resolved after surgery in both dogs. Postoperative sonography revealed complete obliteration of the shunt plexus in one of the dogs. 相似文献
Animals —Two young dogs that had a tentative diagnosis of a portosystemic shunt on the basis of clinical signs and serum biochemical abnormalities. Abdominal ultrasonography and contrast portography demonstrated multiple intrahepatic shunts. In both cases, the multiple shunts arose from a single branch of the portal vein.
Outcome—It was possible to locate and attenuate flow through the shunts via a transportal venotomy under conditions of hepatic vascular occlusion. Clinical and biochemical abnormalities resolved after surgery in both dogs. Postoperative sonography revealed complete obliteration of the shunt plexus in one of the dogs. 相似文献
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Jian-xin WU MVSc PhD Carol H. Carlisle MVSc DVR FACVSc 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(3):234-239
A method for systematic examination of the livers was developed, based on identification of the hepatic and portal veins in sixteen dogs. The right medial, quadrate, left medial and lateral hepatic veins and the hepatic branches of the portal veins were easily located with the dog in dorsal recumbency. The right lateral and caudate hepatic veins were identified more easily from the right side with the transducer positioned between the ninth to the eleventh intercostal spaces. Visibility was affected by the fullness of the stomach but this effect could be minimized by changing the position of the transducer to select a more suitable anatomical approach. Identification of the two systems depended on their echogenicity, the anatomical position of the main branches and their pattern of distribution. As in humans, the portal veins were in general, more echogenic than the hepatic veins and the hepatic veins could be traced from their junctions with the caudal vena cava. Identification of the branches of the hepatic and portal veins was complicated by the anatomical shape, the nutritional status and respiratory stage of the animal. A systemic approach based on a knowledge of the distribution patterns produced by the hepatic and portal veins ensures that all liver lobes are identified and all important structures are assessed. 相似文献