Caspase Activation,Hydrogen Peroxide Production and Akt Dephosphorylation Occur During Stallion Sperm Senescence     

JM Gallardo Bolaños  C Balao da Silva  P Martín Muñoz  M Plaza Dávila  J Ezquerra  IM Aparicio  JA Tapia  C Ortega Ferrusola  FJ Peña 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(4):657-664

To investigate the mechanisms inducing sperm death after ejaculation, stallion ejaculates were incubated in BWW media during 6 h at 37°C. At the beginning of the incubation period and after 1, 2, 4 and 6 h sperm motility and kinematics (CASA), mitochondrial membrane potential and membrane permeability and integrity were evaluated (flow cytometry). Also, at the same time intervals, active caspase 3, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion (flow cytometry) and Akt phosphorylation (flow cytometry) were evaluated. Major decreases in sperm function occurred after 6 h of incubation, although after 1 h decrease in the percentages of motile and progressive motile sperm occurred. The decrease observed in sperm functionality after 6 h of incubation was accompanied by a significant increase in the production of hydrogen peroxide and the greatest increase in caspase 3 activity. Additionally, the percentage of phosphorylated Akt reached a minimum after 6 h of incubation. These results provide evidences that sperm death during in vitro incubation is largely an apoptotic phenomena, probably stimulated by endogenous production of hydrogen peroxide and the lack of prosurvival factors maintaining Akt in a phosphorylated status. Disclosing molecular mechanisms leading to sperm death may help to develop new strategies for stallion sperm conservation.  相似文献   

Ivermectin toxicosis in a neonatal foal   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LM GODBER †  FJ DERKSEN  JF WILLIAMS†  B. MAHMOUD§ 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(5):191-192

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Aspects of the selective phytotoxicity of methazole. HI. Behaviour in plants following foliar treatment     

JULI E VERITY  ALLAN WALKER  DONALD S.H. DRENNAN† 《Weed Research》1981,21(6):317-324

Absorption of methazole by leaves of onion (Allium cepa), Stellaria media, Matricaria matricarioides and Veronica persica was rapid for the first 24 h after treatment and continued at a slower rate for up to 6 days to reach a maximum of between 35 and 60% of the amount applied. Differences in absorption between species were generally small. Absorption by the cotyledon of onion was greater than absorption into true leaves. Methazole on the leaf surface degraded to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylurea (DCPMU) and small amounts of this degraded to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) urea (DCPU). Methazole absorbed into leaves was relatively stable in M. matricarioides and DCPMU accumulated slowly. The rate of degradation was more rapid in the cotyledons than in the true leaves. Both in leaves and in cotyledons of onion and S. media, methazole degraded rapidly to DCPMU and this accumulated; in those of V. persica, DCPMU was degraded quickly to DCPU and unidentified products. The amount of DCPMU accumulated in the shoots was broadly correlated with the relative phytotoxicity of methazole to the different species, except for young seedlings of V. persica which contained no DCPMU but were susceptible to methazole.  相似文献   

Cyclical and Structural Change in Southern Manufacturing: Recent Evidence from the Tennessee Valley: Note     

ROBERT W. GILMER  ALLAN G. PULSIPHER 《Growth and change》1986,17(4):61-69

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ULNAR METAPHYSEAL OSTEOCHONDROSIS IN SEVEN CAPTIVE BRED CHEETAHS (ACINONYX JUBATUS)     

GRAEME ALLAN  TIMOTHY PORTAS  BENN BRYANT  ROLFE HOWLETT  DAVID BLYDE 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(6):551-556

Distal ulna metaphyseal osteochondrosis was identified in seven captive bred cheetahs raised in Australia between 1984 and 2005. The disorder was characterized by bilateral carpal valgus conformation. In the metaphyseal region of the distal ulnae, an osteolucent defect that appeared as a proximal extension of the lucent physis was identified radiographically between 6 and 10 months of age. Ulna ostectomy was done to correct the angular limb deformity. Histologically, changes were identified in the osteolucent lesion that resembled osteochondrosis. We propose that the condition is probably familial and/or dietary in origin.  相似文献   

Flow Cytometric Chromosomal Sex Sorting of Stallion Spermatozoa Induces Oxidative Stress on Mitochondria and Genomic DNA          下载免费PDF全文

CM Balao da Silva  C Ortega‐Ferrusola  JM Morrell  H Rodriguez Martínez  FJ Peña 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(1):18-25

To date, the only repeatable method to select spermatozoa for chromosomal sex is the Beltsville sorting technology using flow cytometry. Improvement of this technology in the equine species requires increasing awareness of the modifications that the sorting procedure induces on sperm intactness. Oxidative stress is regarded as the major damaging phenomenon, and increasing evidence regards handling of spermatozoa – including sex sorting – as basic ground for oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to disclose whether the flow cytometric sorting procedure increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and to identify if ROS production relates to DNA damage in sorted spermatozoa using specific flow cytometry‐based assays. After sorting, oxidative stress increased from 26% to 33% in pre‐ and post‐incubation controls, to 46% after sex sorting (p < 0.05). Proportions of DNA fragmentation index post‐sorting were approximately 10% higher (31.3%); an effect apparently conduced via oxidative DNA damage as revealed by the oxyDNA assay. The probable origin of this increased oxidative stress owes the removal of enough seminal plasma due to the unphysiological sperm extension, alongside a deleterious effect of high pressure on mitochondria during the sorting procedure.  相似文献   

Bilateral oblique facial clefts,rudimentary eyes and hydrocephalus in an aborted equine foetus          下载免费PDF全文

JS Agerholm  HG Pedersen  FJ McEvoy  S Heegaard 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(4):692-695

Knowledge of congenital malformations and their causes in horses is generally sparse. Such conditions require more scientific attention to improve their diagnostics and inform prevention strategies. Here, a unique syndrome of bilateral oblique facial clefts (meloschisis), rudimentary eyes and hydrocephalus is reported in an equine foetus spontaneously aborted at gestation day 224. The cause of abortion was considered to be intrauterine death caused by umbilical cord torsions and subsequent compromised blood flow, but the aetiology of the malformation could not be determined. A detailed history, which includes exposure to a range of pharmaceutical compounds during the early stages of pregnancy, is provided and emphasizes the need for accurate recording of treatments in pregnant animals.  相似文献   

The Impact of Reproductive Technologies on Stallion Mitochondrial Function          下载免费PDF全文

FJ Peña  M Plaza Davila  BA Ball  EL Squires  P Martin Muñoz  C Ortega Ferrusola  C Balao da Silva 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(4):529-537

The traditional assessment of stallion sperm comprises evaluation of sperm motility and membrane integrity and identification of abnormal morphology of the spermatozoa. More recently, the progressive introduction of flow cytometry is increasing the number of tests available. However, compared with other sperm structures and functions, the evaluation of mitochondria has received less attention in stallion andrology. Recent research indicates that sperm mitochondria are key structures in sperm function suffering major changes during biotechnological procedures such as cryopreservation. In this paper, mitochondrial structure and function will be reviewed in the stallion, when possible specific stallion studies will be discussed, and general findings on mammalian mitochondrial function will be argued when relevant. Especial emphasis will be put on their role as source of reactive oxygen species and in their role regulating sperm lifespan, a possible target to investigate with the aim to improve the quality of frozen–thawed stallion sperm. Later on, the impact of current sperm technologies, principally cryopreservation, on mitochondrial function will be discussed pointing out novel areas of research interest with high potential to improve current sperm technologies.  相似文献   

Membrane Lipids of the Stallion Spermatozoon in Relation to Sperm Quality and Susceptibility to Lipid Peroxidation     

B Macías García  L González Fernández  C Ortega Ferrusola  C Salazar‐Sandoval  A Morillo Rodríguez  H Rodríguez Martinez  JA Tapia  D Morcuende  FJ Peña 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(1):141-148

Lipids were extracted from ejaculated spermatozoa from seven individual stallions to distinguish neutral lipids (NL) and polar lipids (PL) and determine their variation among stallions and their relationship with sperm quality and sperm susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. The isolated fatty acids were correlated with sperm quality (membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and expression of active caspases) and the sensitivity of the sperm plasma membrane to LPO. The miristic (C14: 0), palmitic (C16: 0), stearic (C18: 0) and oleic (C18: 1n9) acids were predominant among the NLs. Within the phospholipid fraction, the docosapentanoic acid (C22: 5n6) was dominant, albeit varying among stallions. Surprisingly, the percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids was positively correlated with sperm quality and a low propensity for LPO, probably because these particular fatty acids provide a higher fluidity of the plasma membrane. The stallion showing the poorest sperm membrane integrity plus a high level of LPO in his ejaculate had a lower percentage (p < 0.05) of this fatty acid in his sperm plasma membranes.  相似文献   

Maternal Exposure to High Temperatures Disrupts OCT4 mRNA Expression of Rabbit Pre‐Implantation Embryos and Endometrial Tissue     

F Marco‐Jiménez  C Naturil‐Alfonso  DS Peñaranda  E Jiménez‐Trigos  FJ García‐Diego  JS Vicente 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(3):429-434

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