Pedological and geomorphological cycles in a catena of Galicia (NW Spain)     

M. Puga Pereira  F. Macias Vazquez  F. Guitian Ojea 《CATENA》1978,5(3-4)

A catena developed on gabbro in Galicia, N.W. Spain, was studied. The methods utilized, consisting of macro- and microscopic mineralogical and morphological observation, allowed the identification of different features produced by the action of pedological and geomorphological processes. The application of Butler's K cycle concept allows a relative sequence of events to be established in which pedogenetic processes are integrated within the general framework of the evolutionary history of the slope. Five K cycles could be recognized, beginning with a phase of deep weathering and ending with the present phase of incipient soil formation. In between feature a.o. phases of solifluxion, the formation of an argillic horizon and the development of a stoneline.  相似文献   

Profitability and Production Requirements for Land Use Allocation of Farming and Forestry Land     

J.A. Riveiro  C.J. Alvarez  J.M. Pereira  D. Miranda 《Biosystems Engineering》2005,90(4):477

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Coriander essential oil composition from two genotypes grown in different environmental conditions     

Gil A  De La Fuente EB  Lenardis AE  López Pereira M  Suárez SA  Bandoni A  Van Baren C  Di Leo Lira P  Ghersa CM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(10):2870-2877

The objective was to study the essential oil composition of coriander fruits in plants growing in environments differing in soil conditions and weediness level. Factorial field experiments were conducted in two locations from the Rolling Pampas, Argentina, and two coriander landraces (European and Argentinean) were tested under two levels of nitrogen fertilization and weediness. Data were evaluated with uni- and multivariate techniques. The variation in the oil composition was related to the relative proportion of the constituents and not to the presence/absence of a particular component. Weather conditions in 1997 favored linalool and camphor in both landraces. Location, fertilization, and weediness also affected the chemical profile. The European landrace showed a more stable concentration of the major components than the Argentinean landrace. These results, which show the relationships between some environmental conditions and the essential oil composition, are useful in the development of innovative strategies aimed to improve oil composition and to manage crop pests.  相似文献   

Alternative Potash Fertilizer Source for Millet Crop     

Ivaniele Nahas Duarte  Robson Thiago Xavier de Sousa  Gaspar Henrique Korndörfer  Hamilton Seron Pereira 《Journal of plant nutrition》2015,38(12):1961-1972

Millet is a grass that responds to potassium fertilization and Alfa 01 and Alfa 02 are potential sources of this nutrient. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of as potassium sources by measuring accumulation of this nutrient in millet. The crop was grown in Ustoxic Quartzipsamment (RQo) soil. The experiment was set up in randomized blocks with three repetitions. The treatments consisting of three sources (KCl, Alfa 02, Alfa 01), two rates (200 and 400 kg ha^?1 K₂O) and with no K fertilization (control). Potassium chloride was used as the standard to which the other sources of potassium were compared. Two consecutive crops of millet were grown in the same pots. The first crop received potassium source application but not the second. At the end of experiment, shoot dry matter production, shoot potassium concentration, shoot accumulated potassium, soil potassium and relative agronomic efficiency were determined. The relative agronomic efficiency, calculated from crops, was 100% for KCl, was 84% for Alfa 02 and was 11% for Alfa 01. In the shoot dry matter production and accumulated potassium only Alfa 01 was not statistically different of control. Millet absorbed potassium from the Alfa 02 source in both the first and second crops.  相似文献   

Carbon dioxide emissions after application of tillage systems for a dark red latosol in southern Brazil   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

N. La Scala  Jr.  A. Lopes  J. Marques  Jr.  G. T. Pereira 《Soil & Tillage Research》2001,62(3-4):163-166

Soil tillage may influence CO₂ emissions in agricultural systems. Agricultural soils are managed in several ways in Brazil, ranging from no tillage to intensive land preparation. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of common soil tillage treatments (disk harrow, reversible disk plow, rotary tiller and chisel plow tillage systems) on the intermediate CO₂ emissions of a dark red latosol, located in southern Brazil. Different tillage systems produced significant differences in the CO₂ emissions, and the results indicate that the chisel plow produced the highest soil carbon loss during the 15 days period after tillage treatments were performed. Emissions to the atmosphere increased as much as 74 g CO₂ m⁻², at the end of a 2-week period, in the plot where the chisel plow treatment was applied, in comparison to the non-disturbed plot. The results indicate that the total increase on the intermediate term soil CO₂ emissions due to tillage treatments in southern Brazil is comparable to that reported for the more humid and cooler regions.  相似文献   

Occurrence of caprine arthritis-encephalitis in Mozambique     

C. Lopes Pereira  C. Baule  R. Costa  A. Langa 《Tropical animal health and production》1989,21(4):237-238

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Estimated BVDV-prevalence, -contact and -vaccine use in dairy herds in Northern Portugal     

Niza-Ribeiro J  Pereira A  Souza J  Madeira H  Barbosa A  Afonso C 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2005,72(1-2):81-5; discussion 215-9

A study to evaluate BVDV-prevalence, recent -contact and -vaccine use in dairy herds in the "Entre Douro e Minho" (EDM) region in North Portugal was carried out in 124 dairy herds in 2003. Herds were visited to ascertain BVDV-vaccine use and to collect a bulk tank milk (BTM) sample and serum from 1268 cattle to analyse BVDV-antibodies using an NS2-3 ELISA. Fifty-three percent of farmers used inactivated BVDV-vaccines whilst the remaining farmers were not presently using BVDV-vaccines. BMT-antibody results included 35% positives, 25% negative and 39% inconclusive, and were similar in vaccinated and non-vaccinated herds (p>0.05) and allowed estimating a 10% BVDV herd-prevalence from prior knowledge of the relationship between BMT-antibody results and probability of PI cattle in the herd. Overall individual seroprevalence was 27% and was 23% in non-vaccinated and 36% in vaccinated cattle (p<0.05). Contact of the herd with BVDV was assessed according to seroprevalence in young and adult cattle in the herd and it was estimated that 35% of herds were infected or had recent contact with BVDV, 40% were not infected and did not have recent contact with BVDV and the BVDV-infection and -contact status of remaining herds was undetermined. The results from this study indicate BVDV is endemic and BVDV-vaccines are widespread in the dairy-cattle population in EDM region in Portugal.  相似文献   

Oxidative status during late pregnancy and early lactation in dairy cows   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Castillo C  Hernandez J  Bravo A  Lopez-Alonso M  Pereira V  Benedito JL 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,169(2):286-292

In the last few years, the detection of free radical damage and the body's defences against it have become increasingly important in clinical medicine as a complementary tool in the evaluation of metabolic status. The aim of this study was to evaluate, under field conditions, the anti-oxidant status of healthy cows during late pregnancy and lactation onset using two parameters: (1) plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a degradation product of lipid peroxidation, and (2) total antioxidant status (TAS). Results were compared with those obtained in another group of cows with lesser metabolic demands. We also investigated possible relationships between antioxidant status markers and other relevant blood parameters. Our results confirmed the characteristic metabolic changes associated with late pregnancy and early lactation. MDA and TAS provided an accurate reflection of the internal physiological status of the animal. The data indicated increased lipid peroxidation around parturition, but with wide individual variations that may be attributable not only to the physiological stage but also to unknown factors that will have to be further considered in future studies.  相似文献   

Land Cover Type and Fire in Portugal: Do Fires Burn Land Cover Selectively?     

Maria C.S.?NunesEmail author  Maria J.?Vasconcelos  José M.C.?Pereira  Nairanjana?Dasgupta  Richard J.?Alldredge  Francisco C.?Rego 《Landscape Ecology》2005,20(6):661-673

The purpose of this study is to investigate if, or under what conditions, fires select given land cover types for burning. If fires burn unselectively then the land cover composition (the proportional area of various land cover types) of individual fires should approximate the land cover composition available in their neighborhood. In this study we test this hypothesis by performing statistical analyses of a data set consisting of paired vectors with the proportions of land cover types present in burned areas and in their respective surroundings. The statistical methods employed (a permutation technique and the C_max statistic) are commonly used in resource selection studies where data is subject to a unit-sum constraint. The results of the analysis of 506 fires that burned in Portugal in 1991 indicate that fires are selective, with small fires exhibiting stronger land cover preferences than large fires. According to the results of a multiple comparison analysis performed for small fires, there is a marked preference for shrubland followed by other forest cover types, while agriculture is clearly avoided. A similar analysis is performed to test if fire selectivity is related to the ecological region where it occurs. The results obtained in this study contribute to the discussion on the relative importance of fuels as a drivers of fire spread.  相似文献   

Towards sustainable control of Lepidopterous pests in olive cultivation     

Annette Herz  Sherif A. Hassan  Esmat Hegazi  Feeby N. Nasr  Ali A. Youssef  W. E. Khafagi  Essam Agamy  Mohieddine Ksantini  Taieb Jardak  Basilis E. Mazomenos  Maria A. Konstantopoulou  Laura Torres  Fátima Gonçalves  Albino Bento  José A. Pereira 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2005,57(5):117-128

Zusammenfassung Traditionelle, extensiv bearbeitete Olivenhaine, aber auch moderne Intensiv-Plantagen mit künstlicher Bewässerung und hohem Einsatz von Düngern bzw. chemischen Pflanzenschutzmitteln kennzeichnen die derzeitigen verschiedenen Anbauformen der Olive im Mittelmeerraum. Schadlepidopteren wie die Olivenmotte (Prays oleae, Lep.: Yponomeutidae) und die Jasminmotte (Palpita unionalis, Lep.: Pyralidae) werden durch regelmässigen Insektizideinsatz bekämpft. Das von der EU geförderte internationale Forschungsprojekt TRIPHELIO zielte auf die Entwicklung insektizidfreier Alternativmethoden durch (1) die Optimierung der pheromongestützten Überwachung und Verwirrtechnik, (2) der Anwendung von Habitatmanagement-Strategien zur Förderung natürlicher Gegenspieler, und (3) dem Einsatz von Trichogramma-Schlupfwespen. Zusätzlich wurden Module für eine optimale Anwendung biotechnischer und biologischer Methoden bezüglich der Phänologie der Schadinsekten und möglicher Nebenwirkungen von Pestiziden erarbeitet. Die intensive Kooperation zwischen Wissenschaftlern und Praktikern aus mehreren Ländern Europas und Nordafrikas erlaubte den Entwurf möglicher Lösungsansätze für verschiedene Anbaubedingungen und klimatische Regionen des Mittelmeerraumes. Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse und Ausblicke für eine zukünftige praktische Umsetzung werden in dieser Veröffentlichung beschrieben.  相似文献