Early Cleavage of Handmade Cloned Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Embryos is an Indicator of Their Developmental Competence and Quality          下载免费PDF全文

S Kaith  M Saini  AK Raja  AA Sahare  B Jyotsana  P Madheshiya  P Palta  MS Chauhan  RS Manik  SK Singla 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(2):214-220

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Integrating local ecological knowledge,citizen science and long‐term historical data for endangered species conservation: Additional records of angel sharks (Chondrichthyes: Squatinidae) in the Mediterranean Sea     

Ioannis Giovos  Vasilis‐Orestis Stoilas  Sara AA Al‐Mabruk  Nikolaos Doumpas  Philippos Marakis  Mary Maximiadi  Dimitrios Moutopoulos  Periklis Kleitou  Ioannis Keramidas  Francesco Tiralongo  Alessandro de Maddalena 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(6):881-890

Death and Transfiguration of a Triple Junction in the South Atlantic     

M Ligi  E Bonatti  G Bortoluzzi  G Carrara  P Fabretti  D Penitenti  D Gilod  AA Peyve  S Skolotnev  N Turko 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,276(5310):243-245

Three major lithospheric plates-Antarctic, South American, and African-meet in the South Atlantic near Bouvet Island where the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR), and the American Antarctic Ridge converge toward a fast evolving triple junction. A major magmatic pulse has recently built a new, swollen segment of the SWIR (Spiess Ridge) that is propagating toward the MAR at a rate of 4 to 5 centimeters per year, disrupting a former ridge-ridge-ridge (RRR) triple junction. A new triple junction will be established about 70 kilometers to the north when the propagating SWIR/Spiess segment will impact with the MAR, probably within the next 1 million years. The American Antarctic Ridge will take advantage of the MAR/SWIR duel by capturing an approximately 70-kilometer stretch of MAR, whereas the Antarctic plate will increase its size.  相似文献   

Improving the Traditional Acacia Senegal-Crop System in Sudan: The Effect of Tree Density on Water Use, Gum Production and Crop Yields     

A.M. Gaafar  A.A. Salih  O. Luukkanen  M.A. El Fadl  V. Kaarakka 《Agroforestry Systems》2006,66(1):1-11

The traditional Acacia senegal bush-fallow in North Kordofan, Sudan, was disrupted and the traditional rotational fallow cultivation cycle has been shortened or completely abandoned, causing decline in soil fertility and crop and gum yields. An agroforestry system may give reasonable crop and gum yields, and be more appealing to farmers. We studied the effect of tree density (266 or 433 trees ha⁻¹) on two traditional crops; sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) early maturing variety and karkadeh (Hibiscus sabdariffa), with regard to physiological interactions, yields and soil water depletion. There was little evidence of complementarity of resource sharing between trees and crops, since both trees and field crops competed for soil water from the same depth. Intercropping significantly affected the soil water status, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in trees and crops. Gum production per unit area increased when sorghum was intercropped with trees in low or high density. However, karkadeh reduced the gum yield significantly at high tree density. Yields of sorghum and karkadeh planted within trees of high density diminished by 44 and 55% compared to sole crops, respectively. Intercropping increased the rain use efficiency significantly compared to trees and field crops grown solely. Karkadeh appears to be more appropriate for intercropping with A. senegal than sorghum and particularly recommendable in combination with low tree density. Modification of tree density can be used as a management tool to mitigate competitive interaction in the intercropping system.  相似文献   

Nanocomposites from natural cellulose fibers incorporated with sucrose     

Tamer Y. A. Fahmy  Fardous Mobarak  Yehia Fahmy  M. H. Fadl  M. El-Sakhawy 《Wood Science and Technology》2006,40(1):77-86

The present work shows for the first time worldwide that sucrose can be easily placed by simple techniques within the micropores or nanostructure of the mercerized non-dried cotton linter fibers to create a low-cost cellulose substitute. Such sucrose-containing nanocomposites find suitable use as specialty absorbent paper. Relative to the sucrose-free paper, the sucrose-containing counterparts exhibit greater breaking length and remarkably high water uptake (WRV) up to a sucrose content of 8–15% w/w. Mercerization of cotton linters before incorporating them with sucrose greatly enhanced the retention of sucrose in the prepared paper nanocomposites as compared to the case of unmercerized cotton linters. We assume that regions of the cell wall lamellae, on both sides of the sucrose spacers, are stressed during drying because the sucrose spacers hinder them to relax. This leads to a strain, which makes some microfibrils partially released and protrude out of the fiber. Thus, a sort of fiber beating takes place. We called this phenomenon incorporation beating or encapsulation beating to differentiate it from chemical and mechanical beatings, and it explains the great increase in breaking length of the paper nanocomposites prepared from the mercerized non-dried sucrose-loaded linters. This article is dedicated to Professor Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Walter Liese on the occasion of his 80th birthday.  相似文献   

Pathological changes in the mammary gland and biochemical changes in milk of the goat following oral dosing with leaf of the Avocado (Persea americana)     

AL CRAIGMILL  AA SEAWRIGHT  T. MATTILA †  AJ FROST 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(7):206-211

Two varieties of avocado leaves (Persea americana var Guatemalan and var Mexican) were administered to lactating goats. The Mexican variety was without effect. The Guatemalan variety in doses exceeding 20 g fresh leaf per kg bodyweight, produced damage to the mammary gland with decreased milk production. The lesions were characterised by oedema and reddening, with clots in the large ducts. Microscopically, there was widespread degeneration and necrosis of the secretory epithelium, the necrotic cells sloughing into the lumen. There was no significant cellular inflammatory response. Concentrations of antitrypsin in the milk, indicating changes in vascular permeability, increased rapidly 15 h after a single high dose, coinciding with palpable oedema. Concentrations of NAGase, indicating cell damage, increased after 24 h. Goats given multiple doses followed a similar pattern but the initial response was delayed. The toxic principle, and its mode of action in selectively damaging mammary secretory cells, remains to be determined.  相似文献   

Superior check ligament desmotomy for treatment of superficial digital flexor tendonitis in Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses     

IC FULTON  AA MacLEAN†  JL O'RIELLY†  S. CHURCH† 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(8):233-235

Summary Bilateral superior check ligament desmotomy was performed on 31 Thoroughbred and 17 Standardbred horses as the sole method of treatment for superficial digital flexor tendonitis. Horses resumed racing between 6 and 19 months after surgery. Horses that were able to compete in 5 or more races without injury to the tendon again were considered to have had a successful return to racing. Twenty-five Thoroughbreds were suitable for later study and 13 of these (52%) raced on 5 or more occasions. Fifteen Standardbreds were suitable for later study and 10 of these (66%) raced on 5 or more occasions. Within the racing industry it is generally thought that about 20 to 30% of horses with superficial digital flexor tendonitis can return to racing after a prolonged rest. The results of this study suggest that bilateral superior check ligament desmotomy may improve the prognosis for a horse returning to racing after injury to the superficial digital flexor tendon.  相似文献   

Relationship between Daily Milk Yield and Persistency of Hungarian Holstein Friesian through Selection Index and Sub-indices     

AA Amin  S Töth  T Gere 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1997,32(4):207-212

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Phenylbutazone in racing Greyhounds: plasma and urinary residues 24 and 48 hours after a single intravenous administration     

PC MILLS  JC NG†  KV SKELTON†  AA SEAWRIGHT  DE AUER† 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(8):304-308

SUMMARY The concentrations of phenylbutazone (PBZ), oxyphenbutazone (OPBZ) and gammahydroxyphenylbutazone (OHPBZ) in plasma and urine from 50 Greyhounds 24 and 48 h after the intravenous administration of a single dose of PBZ (30 mg/kg) were measured. The 24 h plasma concentrations of OPBZ and OHPBZ, the 48 h plasma concentration of OHPBZ and the 24 h urinary concentration of PBZ were normally distributed, while log transformations were required before the 24 h plasma concentration of PBZ and the 24 and 48 h urinary concentrations of OPBZ and OHPBZ became normally distributed. The 95%, 99%, 99.9% and 99.99% upper predicted confidence intervals for both 24 h and 48 h plasma and urinary concentrations demonstrated wide potential variation in the concentration of the analytes should PBZ be administered to Greyhounds. The 24 h plasma and urinary concentrations of PBZ were weakly correlated, but no similar relationship existed for OPBZ or OHPBZ. The urinary concentrations of each analyte were not affected by the trainer or sex of the Greyhound or the urinary pH. We conclude that it would be impossible to predict the timing of the PBZ administration or the plasma concentration of PBZ from the measurement of the concentration of PBZ in a single sample of urine.  相似文献   

Wounds of the pastern and foot region managed with phalangeal casts: 50 cases in 49 horses (1995–2006)     

KM Ketzner  AA Stewart  CR Byron  M Stewart  EM Gaughan  PD Vanharreveld  JD Lillich 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(9):363-368

Objective   Describe the use of a phalangeal cast as treatment for wounds in the pastern and foot region of horses. Secondly, to evaluate the healing and soundness of horses treated with phalangeal casts.
Design   Retrospective study of 49 horses.
Procedures   Medical records of 49 horses that were treated with a phalangeal cast for 50 cases of wounds in the pastern and foot region at equine referral hospitals from 1995 to 2006 were reviewed and follow-up information was obtained.
Results   Treatment consisted of wound debridement, lavage, wound closure (28 wounds), cast application and antibiotics (84%). At follow-up, the majority of horses were sound (42 of 47 wounds, 89.4%), three horses were still lame and one horse was euthanased because of persistent lameness. Three horses were lost to follow-up. There was no statistical difference between the outcomes of horses treated acutely (<24 h) or after a 24-h delay. Similarly, the involvement of synovial structures in the wound did not significantly influence outcome.
Conclusions   In this study, wounds involving the pastern and foot that were treated with a phalangeal cast carried a good prognosis for soundness (89.4%) and cosmetic healing (89.5%). The phalangeal casts were well-tolerated and effective.  相似文献