Effect of Pre- and Post-Kinetin Treatments on Salt Tolerance of Different Potato Cultivars Growing on Saline Soils   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zaibunnisa  Abdullah Rafiq  Ahmad 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1990,165(2-3):94-102

Different potato cultivars were subjected to 10 ⁻⁶M kinetin treatment prior to the transplantation in saline soils (pre-kinetin treatment) and to the plants already growing on the saline soils (post-kinetin treatment). The kinetine when applied before the exposure of plants to saline soils showed promotory effects on growth, tuberization and some biochemical parameters of potato at 0.5 % salinity. The degree of inhibition in number of tubers and yield was reduced at 1 % salinity due to pre-kinetin treatment. The level of proline, reducing sugars and sodium was increased in different plant parts to maintain the osmoregulation. However, kinetin did not play any specific role in reducing down the increase in proline content resulted due to salinity. The level of K⁺ was found to be higher at low salinity in all the cultivars of potato. Higher concentrations of proteins and enhanced activity of starch synthetase at low level of salinity suggest the salutary effect of Na⁺ in metabolic functions of plant cells. The nitrate reductase (NR) activity was appeared to be more sensitive than starch synthetase. This could possibly be due to the localization of the enzyme and the cellular concentration of toxic substances increased under stress. Total Glyoalkaloids (TGA) content was reduced at both the salinity levels irrespective of kinetin treatments. On the contrary Na⁺ content was increased in all the treatments of kinetin at both levels of salinity. During this study cvs. Red Lasoda, Patrones and Atom alue approved to be more tolerant as compare to rest of the cultivars tested. This could be a combined effect of genetic setup, amendments in saline soils and pre-kinetin treatments of plants exposed to various regimes of salinity. Furthermore it is argued that salt tolerance limit can be extended upto certain level of salinity by pre-kinetin treatment in potato plants.  相似文献   

柚木cry1A(b)基因的遗传转化     

Norwati A.  Abdullah R.  Mohd Rosli H.  and Norlia B. 《分子植物育种》2003,1(1):53-57

1INTRODUCTIONTeakhasworldwidereputationasthemostdurabletimber .Teakisasun loving ,deciduoustree ,whichthrives,inanywell drainedsoil.Ithasagestation periodofbetween 15and 2 5 yearsde pendingontheregionwhereitisgrown .Owingtodwindlingnaturalteakforests ,teakhasbeenafavouritechoiceforagroforestry .However ,duetoitslonggestationperiod ,teakisnotaspopularasrubberoroilpalm .Neverthelessteakplantingisbe comingpopularinPeninsularMalaysiaandSabah .Witharapidgrowthratetogetherwithitssuperiortimbe…  相似文献   

Potential of indigenous antagonistic rhizobacteria in the biological control of Monosporascus root rot and vine decline disease of muskmelon     

Dhuha Sulaiman Salim Al-Daghari  Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi  Rhonda Janke  Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2020,70(5):371-380

ABSTRACT

Monosporascus root rot and vine decline (MRVD) of muskmelon, caused by Monosporascus cannonballus, is an economically important disease worldwide. The objectives of this study were to isolate native rhizobacterial strains and to evaluate their ability to promote plant growth and to provide protection against M. cannonballus. Thirty eight native bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere soil of muskmelon and cucumber were screened for their antagonism against M. cannonballus in a dual culture assay. Among them, five isolates viz., Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B4), Pseudomonas mendocina (B7), Bacillus endophyticus (B10), Pseudomonas resinovorans B11 and P. aeruginosa AT3, identified based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, showed a significant level of antagonism and the inhibition zone ranged from 5.6 mm to 25.9 mm. Scanning electron microscopic observation of the hyphae of M. cannonballus at the inhibition zone revealed morphological abnormalities including shrinkage, loss of turgidity, pit formation and deformation. These bacterial isolates showed compatibility with one another and with Trichoderma viride. Greenhouse experiments revealed that P. resinovorans B11 was the most effective among the bacterial antagonists in controlling MRVD in melon. When applied as seed treatment and soil application, P. resinovorans B11 reduced the incidence of MRVD by 93.1%, relative to the infected control.  相似文献   

Changes of astringent sensation of soy milk during tofu curd formation     

Al Mahfuz A  Tsukamoto C  Kudou S  Ono T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(23):7070-7074

The effect of isoflavone on soy milk and tofu astringency was investigated, and no consistency was found between an undesirable astringent taste and isoflavone contents. Isoflavone-enriched extract (approximately 39% isoflavones) showed no astringency. Soybean foods having high amounts of isoflavones showed less astringency. About 80% of isoflavones exist freely in both soy milk and tofu, but 55% of phytates (which play an important role in the formation of the tofu curd network) exist freely in the soy milk, and 6-13%, on the basis of coagulation, existed freely in the tofu curds. A 1% potassium phytate solution at pH 7 showed the very same astringency as soy milk; however, calcium phytate at the same concentration and pH showed no undesirable sensation. Thus, it is assumed that the astringent characteristics caused by phytic ions in soy milk are lost upon conversion of phytic ions to their insoluble salt forms during soy milk coagulation.  相似文献   

Anti-inflammatory activities of Taxusabietane A isolated from Taxus wallichiana Zucc     

Khan I  Nisar M  Shah MR  Shah H  Gilani SN  Gul F  Abdullah SM  Ismail M  Khan N  Kaleem WA  Qayum M  Khan H  Obaidullah  Samiullah  Ullah M 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(7):1003-1007

Current study was conducted to identify constituents of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. that might be responsible for its folk use in anti-inflammatory conditions. Taxusabietane A was isolated from the bark extract of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. Taxusabietane A was analyzed for in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities using Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition assay and carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Taxusabietane A revealed considerable LOX inhibitory activity with the IC₅₀ value being 57 ± 0.31. Standard compound Baicalein showed the IC₅₀ value being 22.1 ± 0.03 μM. Taxusabietane A also showed significant (5 and 10 mg/kg) anti-inflammatory activity induced by carrageenan. However, this study highlighted the potential of Taxusabietane A to be further explored as a new lead compound for management of conditions associated with inflammation.  相似文献   

Physiological and electroencephalographic changes in goats subjected to transportation,lairage, and slaughter     

Azalea-Hani Othman  Yong Meng Goh  Noordin Mohamed Mustapha  Razlina Raghazli  Ubedullah Kaka  Jurhamid Columbres Imlan  Ahmed Abubakar Abubakar  Rasedee Abdullah 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13610

This preliminary trial investigated the effect of transportation and lairage periods on physiological parameters of goats subjected to slaughter. Nine male Boer cross goats aged 8–12 months were transported for 6 h and kept at lairage for 3, 6, or 16 h (n = 3). Blood samples were collected at pre- (pre-T) and post-transportation (post-T), and post-slaughter (post-S) for determination of hematological parameters, serum enzyme, protein, and cortisol concentrations. Electroencephalogram readings were taken at pre-T, post-T, pre-slaughter (pre-S), and post-S to determine the median frequency (F₅₀) and total power (Ptot) values. At post-T, there were manifestations of stress leukogram; increase in hematocrit, total protein, and muscle enzyme concentrations; and decrease in Ptot (p < 0.05). The high pre-T cortisol concentration suggests that the goats were already under stress before transportation. Stress leukogram became less evident after lairage, indicating that the goats had recovered from the stress of transportation. Although the Ptot increased at post-S especially following 3 h of lairage, F₅₀ values at post-S did not differ from pre-L, suggesting that the pre-slaughter stress may have affected the pain threshold. It is suggested that after 6 h of transportation, goats should ideally be placed in lairage for a minimum period of 3 h before slaughter.  相似文献   

Clinical trial of long-acting oxytetracycline and piroxicam in the treatment of canine ehrlichiosis.     

D A Adawa  A Z Hassan  S U Abdullah  A B Ogunkoya  J B Adeyanju  J E Okoro 《The Veterinary quarterly》1992,14(3):118-120

Forty-three dogs with canine ehrlichiosis were treated with long-acting oxytetracycline (TLA) at a dose of 20 mg/kg. In order to eliminate pain at the site of injection of TLA, varying doses of piroxicam were administered intramuscularly to the treated dogs. A minimum of 15 mg of piroxicam proved effective in eliminating pain and swelling at the TLA-injection sites, while fever was eliminated with a minimum of 10 mg of piroxicam 24 hours post-treatment. Rapid restoration or improvement of appetite in treated dogs was also observed after treatment with piroxicam and TLA. Both TLA and piroxicam were found to be suitable for use in dogs.  相似文献   

Effects of supplementing freeze-dried Mitsuokella jalaludinii phytase on the growth performance and gut microbial diversity of broiler chickens     

Hooi Chia Tang  Chin Chin Sieo  Norhani Abdullah  Chun Wie Chong  Han Ming Gan  Mohd Shaufi Mohd Asrore  Chean Yeah Yong  Abdul Rahman Omar  Yin Wan Ho 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2020,104(1):116-125

Inclusion of phytase in animal feedstuff is a common practice to enhance nutrients availability. However, little is known about the effects of phytase supplementation on the microbial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, freeze-dried Mitsuokella jalaludinii phytase (MJ) was evaluated in a feeding trial with broilers fed a low available phosphorus (aP) diet. A total of 180 male broiler chicks (day-old Cobb) were assigned into three dietary treatments: Control fed with 0.4% (w/w) of available phosphorus (aP); Group T1 fed low aP [0.2% (w/w)] supplemented with MJ; and T2 fed low aP and deactivated MJ. The source of readily available P, dicalcium phosphate (DCP), was removed from low aP diet, whereby additional limestone was provided to replace the amount of Ca normally found in DCP. For each treatment, 4 replicate pens were used, where each pen consisted of 15 animals. The animals' energy intake and caecal bacterial community were monitored weekly for up to 3 weeks. The apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent digestibility of dry matter (ADDM) of broilers fed with different diets were determined. In addition, the caecal microbial diversities of broilers were assessed using high-throughput next-generation sequencing targeting the V3-V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA. The results showed that broilers fed with T1 diet have better feed conversion ratio (FCR) when compared to the Control (p < .05) and T2 diets (p < .05), demonstrating the efficiency of MJ as a supplement to low aP diet. Nevertheless, MJ did not significantly affect the microbial population and diversity in broilers' caeca, which mainly consists of members from Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. Regardless, significant variations in the caecal bacterial composition were observed over time, probably due to succession as the broilers aged. This is the first reported study on the effect of MJ on the microbial diversity of broiler's caeca.  相似文献   

Infectious disease. Solving the Sisyphean problem of malaria in Zanzibar     

Smith DL  Cohen JM  Moonen B  Tatem AJ  Sabot OJ  Ali A  Mugheiry SM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6036):1384-1385

  相似文献   

Short-term effects of prescribed burning on phosphorus availability in a suburban native forest of subtropical Australia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wenjuan Huang  Zhihong Xu  Chengrong Chen  Guoyi Zhou  Juxiu Liu  Kadum M. Abdullah  Frédérique Reverchon  Xian Liu 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2013,13(5):869-876

Purpose

Prescribed burning can alter nutrient availability to plants. Plant growth in tropical and subtropical forests is frequently phosphorus (P) limited. Soil P availability is influenced by a combination of multiple factors including soil chemical and biological properties. The aims of this study were to investigate the short-term effects of prescribed burning on soil P status and to evaluate the key drivers responsible for the variation in soil P fractions.

Materials and methods

Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0–10 cm at two sites in a suburban native forest. One site (the burnt site) was burned on 11 August 2011. The other site (the control site) was not burned but served as a reference. Sampling was conducted at four times: before burning, 12 days after burning (T1), 1 week after T1 (T2), and 1 month after T2 (T3). Soil pH, P fractions, microbial biomass carbon (C) and P, and activities of acid and alkaline phosphatase were measured.

Results and discussion

Total P was relatively low at both sites compared with other subtropical forests. Microbial biomass P accounted for approximately 10 % of soil total P at the two sites, suggesting that the turnover of microbial biomass is critical for soil P availability. Soil properties at the control site remained unchanged over the time. Soil organic forms of P at the burnt site were decreased by the prescribed burning, and the greatest reduction was found in moderately labile organic P (e.g., NaOH-extractable fractions). Soil inorganic forms of P, however, were not correspondingly increased by the prescribed burning. Microbial biomass P was closely related to the shifts in P fractions. These effects were only detected immediately after the fire.

Conclusions

Microbial biomass could serve as a sink of P in P-impoverished soils and play an important role in soil P transformation. Our results indicate that microbial biomass is an important factor that governs P status after prescribed burning. The rapid recovery of microbial biomass P could be beneficial to the P requirement for plant regrowth after prescribed burning.  相似文献