Clinical pharmacokinetics of a dexmedetomidine–methadone combination in dogs undergoing routine anaesthesia after buccal or intramuscular administration     

Federica Di Cesare  Daniela Gioeni  Giuliano Ravasio  Alberto Pellegrini  Lorena Lucatello  Vittoria Bisutti  Roberto Villa  Petra Cagnardi 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2019,42(4):392-400

This study aimed to define the pharmacokinetic profiles of dexmedetomidine and methadone administered simultaneously in dogs by either an oral transmucosal route or intramuscular route and to determine the bioavailability of the oral transmucosal administration relative to the intramuscular one of both drugs, so as the applicability of this administration route in dogs. Twelve client‐owned dogs, scheduled for diagnostic procedures, were treated with a combination of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride (10 μg/kg) and methadone hydrochloride (0.4 mg/kg) through an oral transmucosal route or intramuscularly. Oral transmucosal administration caused ptyalism in most subjects, and intramuscular administration caused transient peripheral vasoconstriction. The results showed reduced and delayed absorption of both dexmedetomidine and methadone when administered through an oral transmucosal route, with median (range) C_max values of 0.82 (0.42–1.49) ng/ml and 13.22 (2.80–52.30) ng/ml, respectively. The relative bioavailability was low: 16.34% (dexmedetomidine) and 15.5% (methadone). Intramuscular administration resulted in a more efficient absorption profile, with AUC and C_max values for both drugs approximately 10 times higher. Dexmedetomidine and methadone administered simultaneously by an oral transmucosal route using injectable formulations were not well absorbed through the oral mucosa. Nevertheless, additional studies on these drugs combination using alternative administration routes are recommended.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary supplementation with ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide in maintaining remission in cats with nonflea hypersensitivity dermatitis: a double‐blind,multicentre, randomized,placebo‐controlled study     

Chiara Noli  Maria Federica della Valle  Alda Miolo  Cristina Medori  Carlo Schievano   《Veterinary dermatology》2019,30(5):387-e117

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Evaluation of metabolic profile and C‐reactive protein concentrations in brachycephalic dogs with upper airway obstructive syndrome     

Paola Gianella  Roberta Caccamo  Claudio Bellino  Enrico Bottero  Federica Fietta  Silvia Roncone  Fabio Ostanello  Marco Pietra  Paolo Buracco 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(5):2183-2192

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Outbreak of swimmer's itch in Central Italy: Description,causative agent and preventive measures     

Claudio De Liberato  Federica Berrilli  Teresa Boss  Adele Magliano  Margherita Montalbano Di Filippo  David Di Cave  Mariano Sigismondi  Annunziata Cannavacciuolo  Paola Scaramozzino 《Zoonoses and public health》2019,66(4):377-381

Swimmer's itch is caused by the penetration of free‐swimming larvae of trematodes of the family Schistosomatidae in human skin. It is usually reported in people engaged in recreational water activities in freshwater bodies and in most of cases, it is provoked by bird schistosomes of the genus Trichobilharzia. In the summer 2017, many cases of dermatitis were recorded in people bathing in the waters of the Albano Lake (Rome, Italy) and a parasitological investigation was carried out in order to ascertain the causative agent of these cases. Snails of the family Lymnaeidae, natural intermediate hosts of bird schistosomes, were collected from lake shallow waters to detect the presence of trematodes of the genus Trichobilharzia. Pools of maximum 10 snails were placed in Petri dishes, and cercarial emergence was stimulated exposing snails to strong artificial light intensity at 25°C. Three hundred and thirty‐seven snails were collected and screened for the shedding of cercariae. Furcocercariae of the family Schistosomatidae, with a morphology overlapping that of the genus Trichobilharzia, were detected in seven Petri dishes. Assuming that in each positive Petri dish just one snail was shedding furcocercariae, the minimum infectious rate was 2.1%. Molecular analysis of furcocercariae allowed ascribing them to the species Trichobilharzia franki. Snails of the species Radix auricularia were identified as intermediate hosts of the parasite. This is the second record of T. franki causing cercarial dermatitis in Central Italy, the third in Italy. The 2017 was in Italy exceptionally warm and dry. Trematodes are sensitive to changes in temperature, being cercarial production and emission rates temperature dependent. Small increases in water temperature would speed up parasite development and transmission, leading to a manifold increase in cercarial emergence. Moreover, high temperatures raise chances to acquire the infection, due to increased time spent in water by people.  相似文献   

BILATERAL ELBOW MALFORMATION IN A CAT CAUSED BY RADIO-ULNAR SYNOSTOSIS     

Federica  Rossi  DMV  SRV  Massimo  Vignoli  DMV  SRV  Rossella  Terragni  DMV  SPCAA  Luigi  Pozzr  DMV  Carlo  Impallomeni  DM  Marina  Magnani  DM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(3):283-286

A 9-month-old neutered male cat was referred because of left forelimb lameness. Physical examination, laboratory analysis, and radiographic examination of the entire skeleton were performed. The radiographic diagnosis was bilateral radio-ulnar synostosis with secondary elbow malformation. A comparison between clinical and radiographic findings of the cat and those described in children affected by radio-ulnar synostosis is reported. Correlations and differences are discussed.  相似文献   

Different bat guilds perceive their habitat in different ways: a multiscale landscape approach for variable selection in species distribution modelling     

Laura Ducci  Paolo Agnelli  Mirko Di Febbraro  Ludovico Frate  Danilo Russo  Anna Loy  Maria Laura Carranza  Giacomo Santini  Federica Roscioni 《Landscape Ecology》2015,30(10):2147-2159

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PREVALENCE OF EAR DISEASE IN DOGS UNDERGOING MULTIDETECTOR THIN‐SLICE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY OF THE HEAD          下载免费PDF全文

Allison Foster  Federica Morandi  Elizabeth May 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2015,56(1):18-24

Previous reports describing the prevalence of ear diseases in dogs have primarily been based on dogs presenting with clinical signs of disease. The prevalence of subclinical ear disease remains unknown. The purpose of this cross‐sectional retrospective study was to describe the prevalence of lesions consistent with middle and external ear disease in dogs presented for multidetector computed tomography (CT) of the head and/or cranial cervical spine at our hospital during the period of July 2011 and August 2013. For each included dog, data recorded were signalment, CT findings, diagnosis, and treatment. A total of 199 dogs met inclusion criteria. Nineteen dogs (9.5%) were referred for evaluation of suspected ear disease and 27 dogs (13.5%) had histories or physical examination findings consistent with otitis externa. A total of 163 dogs (81.9%) had CT lesions consistent with external ear disease (i.e. ear canal mineralization, external canal thickening, and/or narrowing of the external canal). Thirty‐nine dogs (19.5%) had CT lesions consistent with middle ear disease (i.e. soft tissue attenuating/fluid material in the tympanic bullae, bulla wall thickening or lysis, and/or periosteal proliferation of the temporal bone). Findings from this study indicated that the prevalence of external and middle ear disease in dogs could be higher than that previously reported.  相似文献   

Respiratory mechanics in Standardbred horses with sub-clinical inflammatory airway disease and poor athletic performance     

Pirrone F  Albertini M  Clement MG  Lafortuna CL 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,173(1):144-150

The aim of this study was to investigate and quantify respiratory mechanical dysfunctions in Standardbred horses with both poor performance and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology characteristic of inflammatory airway disease (IAD). A control group of healthy Standardbred horses was compared. Respiratory mechanics and breathing pattern were examined at rest and during hyperventilation induced using a rebreathing method. At rest, respiratory mechanics and breathing pattern were superimposable in both groups. In IAD horses, rebreathing increased ventilation, with larger tidal volumes and lower respiratory frequencies. During hyperventilation, IAD animals showed frequency-dependent dynamic lung compliance, and had greater viscous lung resistance and rate of dynamic work of breathing. As IAD alters pulmonary mechanics, the ventilatory load increases and horses requiring significantly higher energy for breathing may suffer restrictions in their athletic performance. This rebreathing method permits early evaluation of respiratory mechanical dysfunction in poorly performing horses with sub-clinical IAD.  相似文献   

NODULAR FAT NECROSIS IN THE FELINE AND CANINE ABDOMEN     

Tobias  Schwarz  MA  Dr. Med. Vet.  Federica  Morandi  DVM  Giacomo  Gnudi  Dr. Med. Vet.  Erik  Wisner  DVM  Calum  Paterson  MSc  Martin  Sullivan  BVMS  PhD  Pamela  Johnston  BVM&S  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2000,41(4):335-339

The radiographic appearance of nodular fat necrosis is described in ten cats and one dog. The most common radiographic sign was the presence of a focal mineralized circular to oval soft tissue mass in the abdominal fat as present in 9 cats. These masses had a distinct eggshell-like rim encapsulating the lesion. In one cat and one dog multiple masses were present, without radiographic signs of mineralization. Abdominal ultrasound was performed in three cats and one dog, findings included the presence of hyperechoic masses with associated acoustic shadowing, some with a hypoechoic centre. Almost all animals were old and obese. In three cats and one dog, changes were confirmed with biopsy or post mortem examination. Lesions having the appearance of those in this paper are most likely incidental findings and should not be confused with abdominal masses of neoplastic origin. Ultrasound can be helpful in identifying such lesions.  相似文献   

Authentication of farmed and wild turbot (Psetta maxima) by fatty acid and isotopic analyses combined with chemometrics     

Busetto ML  Moretti VM  Moreno-Rojas JM  Caprino F  Giani I  Malandra R  Bellagamba F  Guillou C 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(8):2742-2750

Fatty acid composition and stable isotope ratios of carbon (delta(13)C) and nitrogen (delta(15)N) were determined in muscle tissue of turbot (Psetta maxima). The multivariate analysis of the data was performed to evaluate their utility in discriminating wild and farmed fish. Wild (n=30) and farmed (n=30) turbot of different geographical origins (Denmark, The Netherlands, and Spain) were sampled from March 2006 to February 2007. The application of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) to analytical data demonstrated the combination of fatty acids and isotopic measurements to be a promising method to discriminate between wild and farmed fish and between wild fish of different geographical origin. In particular, IRMS (Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry) alone did not permit us to separate completely farmed from wild samples, resulting in some overlaps between Danish wild and Spanish farmed turbot. On the other hand, fatty acids alone differentiated between farmed and wild samples by 18:2n-6 but were not able to distinguish between the two groups of wild turbot. When applying LDA isotope ratios, 18:2n-6, 18:3n-3, and 20:4n-6 fatty acids were decisive to distinguish farmed from wild turbot of different geographical origin, while delta(15)N, 18:2n-6, and 20:1n-11 were chosen to classify wild samples from different fishing zones. In both cases, 18:2n-6 and delta(15)N were determinant for classification purposes. We would like to emphasize that IRMS produces rapid results and could be the most promising technique to distinguish wild fish of different origin. Similarly, fatty acid composition could be used to easily distinguish farmed from wild samples.  相似文献