Variability of resistance in goats infected with Haemonchus contortus in Brazil     

Costa CA  Vieira LD  Berne ME  Silva MU  Guidoni AL  Figueiredo EA 《Veterinary parasitology》2000,88(1-2):153-158

The variability between and within breeds with respect to nematode egg counts (EPG), packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin (Hb) was studied in 36 yearling female goats of the Caninde (15), Bhuj (6) and Anglo-Nubian (15) breeds, exposed to Haemonchus contortus. Nematode-free goats were turned to a contaminated paddock in late February. From then on, fecal egg per gram counts (EPG), packed cell volume (PCV) and hemoglobin (Hb) were determined at 2-week intervals up to Week 18. The EPG, transformed as [log(EPG + 75)], varied (P < 0.01) between goats within breeds and between weeks of exposure, but not between goat breeds (P > 0.05). PCV and Hb were affected by goat breeds (P < 0.05), by goats within breeds (P < 0.01) and by weeks of exposure (P < 0.01). Anglo-Nubians had higher (P < 0.01) PCV and Hb than Caninde; Bhuj had intermediate values. There were two EPG rises; one between Weeks 6 and 10 and the other between Weeks 14 and 16. The within breed variability was marked during the EPG rise on Week 6, when individual egg counts ranged from 130 to 2500. The EPG rises coincided with drops in Hb. PCV presented a similar trend, though not as marked. Haemonchus was responsible for more than 95% of nematode eggs counted. Considering the goat as experimental unit, the correlation coefficients (r) were: -0.45, P = 0.0064, between log(EPG + 75) and PCV; and -0.53, P = 0.0009, between log(EPG + 75) and Hb. The negative correlation between egg counts and blood values suggested breed differences in PCV and Hb were related to resistance to H. contortus infection and/or to its effects.  相似文献   

Production and characterization of a panel of monoclonal antibodies for the identification of antigens of Babesia bovis     

Figueiredo JF  Martins MS  Ribeiro MF  Passos LM 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2000,47(2):121-126

A panel of monoclonal antibodies was produced and characterized by an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting with the aim of identifying antigens of Babesia bovis. After fusion, the resultant hybrids were selected by the IFAT, cloned, maintained in culture in vitro, and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Ten clones producing monoclonal antibodies were found to react against the entire merozoites, three reacted on the surface of the merozoites, and one clone reacted against the polar region of the merozoites. All monoclonal antibodies reacted in ELISA, with the optical density varying from 0.368 to 0.502 (cut off = 0.022). The bands recognized by the monoclonal antibodies in Western blotting had molecular weights ranging from 162 to 19 kDa. Four clones recognized a single band of 73 kDa, and another four did not react in Western blotting.  相似文献   

First report on Meloidogyne chitwoodi hatching inhibition activity of essential oils and essential oils fractions     

Jorge Miguel Silva Faria  Inês Sena  Bruno Ribeiro  Ana Margarida Rodrigues  Carla Maria Nobre Maleita  Isabel Abrantes  Richard Bennett  Manuel Mota  Ana Cristina da Silva Figueiredo 《Journal of pest science》2016,89(1):207-217

The Columbia root-knot nematode (CRKN), Meloidogyne chitwoodi, is an EPPO A2 type quarantine pest since 1998. This nematode causes severe damage in economically important crops such as potato and tomato, making agricultural products unacceptable for the fresh market and food processing. Commonly used nematicidal synthetic chemicals are often environmentally unsafe. Essential oils (EOs) may constitute safer alternatives against RKN. EOs, isolated from 56 plant samples, were tested against CRKN hatching, in direct contact bioassays. Some of the most successful EOs were fractionated and the hydrocarbon molecules (HM) and oxygen-containing molecules (OCM) fractions tested separately. 24 EOs displayed very strong hatching inhibitions (≥90 %) at 2 µL mL^?1 and were further tested at lower concentrations. Dysphaniaambrosioides, Filipendula ulmaria, Ruta graveolens, Satureja montana and Thymbra capitata EOs revealed the lowest EC₅₀ values (<0.15 µL mL^?1). The main compounds of these EOs, namely 2-undecanone, ascaridol, carvacrol, isoascaridol, methyl salicylate, p-cymene and/or γ-terpinene, were putatively considered responsible for CRKN hatching inhibition. S. montana and T. capitata OCM fractions showed hatching inhibitions higher than HM fractions. The comparison of EO and corresponding fractions EC₅₀ values suggests interactions between OCM and HM fractions against CRKN hatching. These species EOs showed to be potential environmentally friendly CRKN hatching inhibitors; nonetheless, bioactivity should be considered globally, since its HM and OCM fractions may contribute, diversely, to the full anti-hatching activity.  相似文献   

Qualitative Analyses of Protein Phosphorylation in Bovine Pluripotent Stem Cells Generated from Embryonic Fibroblasts          下载免费PDF全文

W Nong  TS Xie  LY Li  AG Lu  J Mo  YF Gou  G Lan  H Jiang  J Len  MM Li  QY Jiang  B Huang 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(6):989-998

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Comparison of Antral and Preantral Ovarian Follicle Populations Between Bos indicus and Bos indicus‐taurus Cows with High or Low Antral Follicles Counts     

KC Silva‐Santos  LS Siloto  GMG Santos  F Morotti  TN Marcantonio  MM Seneda 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(1):48-51

The objective was to compare populations of antral and pre‐antral ovarian follicles in Bos indicus and Bos indicus‐taurus cows with high and low antral follicle counts. Nelore (Bos indicus, n = 20) and Nelore X Angus (1/2 Bos indicus‐taurus, n = 20) cows were subjected to follicular aspiration without regard to the stage of their oestrous cycle (day of aspiration = D0) to remove all follicles ≥3 mm and induce growth of a new follicular wave. Ovaries were examined by ultrasonography on D4, D19, D34, D49 and D64, and antral follicles ≥3 mm were counted. Thereafter, cows were assigned to one of two groups: high or low antral follicular count (AFC, ≥30 and ≤15 antral follicles, respectively). After D64, ovaries were collected after slaughter and processed for histological evaluation. There was high repeatability in the numbers of antral follicles for all groups (range 0.77–0.96). The mean (±SD) numbers of antral follicles were 35 ± 9 (Bos indicus) and 38 ± 6 (Bos indicus‐taurus) for the high AFC group and 10 ± 3 (Bos indicus) and 12 ± 2 (Bos indicus‐taurus) follicles for the low AFC. The mean number of preantral follicles in the ovaries of Bos indicus‐taurus cows with high AFC (116 226 ± 83 156 follicles) was greater (p < 0.05) than that of Bos indicus cows (63 032 ± 58 705 follicles) with high AFC. However, there was no significant correlation between numbers of antral and preantral follicles.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the Breeding Soundness of Male Camels (Camelus dromedarius) via Clinical Examination,Semen Analysis,Ultrasonography and Testicular Biopsy: A Summary of 80 Clinical Cases     

MM Waheed  IM Ghoneim  MM Hassieb  AA Alsumait 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(5):790-796

Male camel infertility is a heterogeneous disorder. A variety of factors may adversely affect sperm production and function and impair fertility. This study was designed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography and testicular biopsy in the evaluation of the breeding soundness of male dromedaries compared with results obtained by clinical examination and semen analysis. Eighty‐four male dromedary camels (5–15 years old) were used in this study during the rutting season (November–May). Four sexually mature male camels were used as controls. These animals were apparently healthy and had histories of normal fertility. Eighty infertile male camels were subjected to an algorithmic approach based on information collected during careful examinations of the camels' breeding histories, clinical examinations, testicular evaluations, testicular ultrasonographies, the results of the semen analyses and testicular biopsies to diagnose the camels' infertilities. The differences in the semen parameters between the control and infertile male camels were highly significant (p < 0.01). Regarding the diagnoses of male camel infertility, the results of testicular ultrasonographies and biopsies were compared with those from the semen analyses, and the accuracies of these tests were 92.5% and 90%, respectively. Additionally, the results of the testicular ultrasonographies were matched with those of the testicular biopsies of the infertile animals, and this comparison resulted in 85% accuracy. Testicular biopsy is a promising method that, along with a carefully performed history, clinical examination, an appropriate testicular ultrasonography procedure and semen analysis, can afford veterinarians the opportunity for more precise diagnosis and treatment of many dromedary infertility disorders.  相似文献   

MALDI‐MS Lipid Profiles of Oocytes Recovered by Ovum Pickup from Bos indicus and 1/2 indicus × taurus with High vs Low Oocyte Yields     

KC Silva‐Santos  CR Ferreira  GMG Santos  MN Eberlin  LS Siloto  CO Rosa  TN Marcantonio  MM Seneda 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(5):711-718

The aim of the present study was to compare the lipid profile in oocytes of indicus and 1/2 indicus × taurus cows with high and low antral follicle count (AFC)/oocyte yields. After an OPU procedure (D0), antral follicles ≥3 mm were counted by ultrasonography (D4, 19, 34, 49, 64), and cows were assigned to groups with either high AFC (≥30 follicles; indicus, NH group; 1/2 indicus × taurus, AH group) or low AFC (≤15 antral follicles; indicus, NL group; 1/2 indicus × taurus, AL group). The lipid profiles of the oocytes were determined by MALDI‐MS. For GI, GII and GIII oocytes, the indicus samples tend to cluster separately from the 1/2 indicus × taurus samples. The lipid species [PC (P‐38:5) + H]⁺ and/or [PC (P‐36:2) + Na]⁺, [PC (38:2) + H]⁺, [PC (38:5) + Na]⁺ and [TAG (60:8) + NH⁴]⁺ were more abundant in indicus (NH and NL groups) than 1/2 indicus × taurus. The higher lipid content in the indicus oocytes likely reflects differences in the rate of lipid metabolism and may contribute to oocyte competence and embryo development.  相似文献   

Streptococcus dysgalactiae as an agent of septicaemia in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.)     

Netto LN  Leal CA  Figueiredo HC 《Journal of fish diseases》2011,34(3):251-254

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Interaction of parasitism and nutrition and their effects on production and clinical parameters in goats.     

H D Blackburn  J L Rocha  E P Figueiredo  M E Berne  L S Vieira  A R Cavalcante  J S Rosa 《Veterinary parasitology》1991,40(1-2):99-112

Weaned wether goats (n = 144) approximately 6 months of age were placed in a 2 x 3 factorial design experiment for 5 months to test the main effects and interaction of two levels of nutrition (growth + maintenance, NUT1; twice growth + maintenance, NUT2) and three levels of Haemonchus contortus burden (0, 500 and 2000 larvae administered every 2 weeks: W0, W500 W2000, respectively) on weight, feed intake, level of infection and packed cell volume (PCV). The rationale for the experimental design was based on the lack of information concerning the interaction between nutritional status and worm burden. Results indicated significant effects of worm burden levels on PCV, faecal egg contents (eggs per gram of feces (EPG)), actual worm numbers, feed intake and efficiency of feed utilization. Nutrition x worm burden interactions were also significant for PCV and EPG. However, the differences detected for PCV and actual worm numbers did not translate into large or consistent differences in body weight. Goats on NUT2, after an initial period, showed little difference in body weight, irrespective of worm burden. Within the NUT1 level, W0 kids weighed more than W500 or W2000 kids throughout the study. Although not statistically significant, this constitutes a trend towards an interaction between nutrition and worm burden. In both nutrition levels, there were no body weight differences between W500 and W2000 until the last 14 days. Feed intake was depressed in the first 3 months of the experiment for infected animals, but was subsequently followed by a compensatory reaction. Lower establishment rates, based on actual worm counts, were observed for the higher infection level, but in both infection levels establishment rates tended to decrease with time. Nutrition was found to be more important to counteract the consequences of a parasitic infection than to counteract the establishment of that same infection.  相似文献   

Simulation of genetic and environmental interaction of three tropical hair sheep breeds.     

M H Rajab  H D Blackburn  T C Cartwright  E A Figueiredo 《Journal of animal science》1991,69(11):4397-4405

The Texas A&M Sheep Simulation Model was used to examine genetic-environmental interactions (GEI) among Brazilian Somali, Morada Nova, and Santa Ines breeds and type and level of feed supplement in northeast Brazil. Two sets of simulations were conducted to examine effects of different supplement quality (napier grass vs cunha legume) and quantity (napier grass only). The analyses indicated the benefits from supplementing lambs at weaning during the dry season and from supplementing lactating ewes at the beginning of lambing season when forage is scarce. The cunha legume was an effective supplement, but choosing between cunha legume and napier grass is an economic consideration. Increasing the amount of napier grass supplement per ewe from 200 g/d to 400 g/d resulted in a significant GEI (i.e., different levels of response such as lamb mortality rate, lamb weaning weight, and lambing rate for different breeds). The Brazilian Somali was the least responsive, whereas the Santa Ines was the most responsive to supplementation. It was concluded that the level of supplement should be higher for the Santa Ines and Morada Nova than for the Somali. The amount of supplement should be regulated so that it neither substitutes for nor lowers the utilization of the native caatinga forage. None of the breeds was simulated to be superior in all environments. Thus, considering the wide range of resources of individual farmers, any one of these breeds may be the preferred choice, depending on the individual set of production resources.  相似文献