排序方式： 共有27条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Habluetzel A Carnevali F Lucantoni L Grana L Attili AR Archilei F Antonini M Valbonesi A Abbadessa V Esposito F van der Esch SA 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,144(3-4):328-337
Secondary metabolites present in the neem tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Meliaceae), exhibit a wide range of biological activities in insects. However, few studies have been undertaken to assess the potential of neem products as insecticides for the control of ectoparasites of domestic animals. This study was undertaken to estimate the efficacy of Neem Azal, an azadirachtin-rich extract of neem seeds, in controlling Damalinia limbata (Phthiraptera) louse infestation of angora goats. The study was conducted on a fibre animal farm situated in Central Italy. Groups of 11-12 goats were treated with Neem Azal at an azadirachtin concentration of 650ppm or 125ppm, with Neguvon or were left untreated. Their louse burden was assessed fortnightly to monthly for 22 weeks. A reduction in louse densities of 76-96% was observed from week 2 to week 18 after treatment with the neem solution containing azadirachtin at a concentration of 650ppm. At the lower test concentration (125ppm) a reduction of 60-92% could be recorded from week 2 to week 14. Neem Azal was found to reduce the survival of both adult and nymph stages of D. limbata and to interfere with oviposition and oogenesis of female lice. A decrease in oviposition was observed in neem exposed female lice and the examination of their ovaries revealed morphological alterations in both vitellogenic and previtellogenic ovarioles at the follicular and germinal level. Since neem compounds target different life stages and physiological processes of D. limbata, the development of insecticide resistance by biting lice exposed to neem-based insecticides appears unlikely. For this reason and for its prolonged activity, which in principle allows angora goats to be protected for a large part of the mohair production cycle, neem-based insecticides may have a potential interest for mohair producing breeders. 相似文献
22.
Domenico Buonavoglia Grazia Greco Maria Fiorella Greco Francesca Latronico Nicola Decaro 《Research in veterinary science》2010,88(1):16-19
The long-term protective immunity of an inactivated mineral-oil adjuvanted Mycoplasma agalactiae vaccine was evaluated in sheep. The antigen suspension was emulsified with a mixture of three mineral oils (Montanide ISA-563, Marcol-52, Montane-80 at the ratio of 30%, 63%, and 7%, respectively). Twenty-two animals were divided in 2 groups (A and B) and immunised with two doses of the vaccine (group A, n = 14) or used as unvaccinated control (group B, n = 8). Five months after the second vaccination, seven animals of group A and four animals of group B were challenged by nasal route with M. agalactiae. The remaining seven vaccinated and four control animals were challenged intranasally eight months after vaccination. The vaccine was able to induce a full-protective immunity preventing the clinical signs of contagious agalactia and the infection by M. agalactiae in all groups of animals irrespective of the time of challenge after booster administration. 相似文献
23.
Catherine Ravel Sébastien Praud Aurélie Canaguier Philippe Dufour Sandra Giancola François Balfourier Boulos Chalhoub Dominique Brunel Laurent Linossier Mireille Dardevet Michel Beckert Michel Rousset Alain Murigneux Gilles Charmet 《Euphytica》2007,158(3):331-336
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) constitute an abundant source of DNA polymorphisms, which have been successfully used
to identify loci that are associated with a particular phenotype. Additionally, such markers could be efficiently used in
combination with doubled haploid technology to improve the efficiency of breeding programmes. Information on such markers
in plants is still scarce. For bread wheat, SNP data are restricted to a few genes. This can be explained by the hexaploidy
of Triticum aestivum which makes SNP discovery difficult. We developed a novel method for SNP discovery in bread wheat. The strategy is based
on the development of highly specific PCR-primers, which were used to sequence 27 lines. SNPs were discovered from sequence
alignment data. Some SNPs were identified by mass spectrometry in a collection of 113 lines, which were both evaluated for
agronomic traits and genotyped at 42 neutral microsatellite loci. Traits investigated include: protein content, the quantity
of high-molecular-weight glutenins and that of the GluBx subunit. The 42 markers were used to infer population structure,
which was included in linear models for association studies. The results of this preliminary study showed 89 SNPs in approximately
20 kbp, i.e., one SNP every 223 bp on average. Six SNPs were genotyped: three were located along the sequence of Glu-B1-1, while three non-synonymous SNPs were located along the sequence of the B homoeologous gene coding for SPA (Storage Protein
Activator). The SNPs from Glu-B1-1 had a significant effect on the studied variables, whereas those of SPA had no effect. Such results might indicate that some haplotypes for Glu-B1-1 are linked to higher protein content, through an increased amount of high-molecular-weight glutenins, especially the GluBx
subunit. 相似文献
24.
Fiorella Neri Marta Mari Stefano Brigati Paolo Bertolini 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2009,51(3):425-430
Fumigation by plant volatile compounds and hot water treatment were tested in vitro and in vivo for their activity against Neofabraea alba (anamorph Phlyctema vagabunda), the cause of lenticel rot in apple fruit. In vitro trials with volatile compounds showed a consistent inhibition of pathogen growth by carvacrol, trans-cinnamaldehyde, citral and trans-2-hexenal, while (?)-carvone, hexanal, p-anisaldehyde, 2-nonanone and eugenol showed progressively lower inhibition. The greatest inhibition of mycelial growth was demonstrated by carvacrol (effective doses for 50 and 95 inhibition [ED50 and ED95] = 5.9 and 17.0 μL L?1, respectively; minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] = 36.9 μL L?1) and of conidial germination by trans-2-hexenal (ED50 and ED95 = 4.1 and 6.9 μL L?1, respectively; MIC = 9.2 μL L?1). Hot water showed a complete inhibition of conidial germination in vitro after 10, 2 and 1 min of exposure at 40, 45 and 50 °C, respectively, and a complete inhibition of mycelial growth after 20 min of exposure at 75 °C. Among the volatile compounds tested, only 25 μL L?1 of carvacrol slightly reduced fungal infection on artificially infected apples (11.4% efficacy). Hot water treatment at 45 °C for 10 min showed high efficacy in the control of lenticel rot on apples. Reduction of infection was 80% in artificially inoculated fruit (cv Golden Delicious) and 90% in naturally infected fruit (cv Pink Lady) after 90 and 135 d of storage, respectively. 相似文献
25.
Claudia Cafarchia Romina ParadiesLuciana A. Figueredo DVM MSc Barbara PadalinoMaria Fiorella Greco DVM PhD Grazia GrecoDomenico Otranto DVM PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012
Aspergillus spp. may induce equine respiratory infections such as fungal pneumonia, guttural pouch mycosis, and systemic infection in immunocompromised individuals. This study describes a case of probable respiratory aspergillosis in a horse presenting clinical signs of the upper airway disease different from those previously reported. Nasopharyngeal swabs and guttural pouch centesis were performed, and Aspergillus flavus was isolated and identified. Following 30 days of pharmaceutical treatment with itraconazole, clinical signs resolved. Results suggested that aspergillosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of upper airway infections, guttural pouch centesis may be useful to make a correct diagnosis, and itraconazole is efficacious in the treatment of A flavus infection. 相似文献
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