Use of dimethylformamide to cryopreserve alpaca semen previously incubated with collagenase     

Nils H. Flores Huarco  Susana M. Giuliano  Fernanda G. Fumuso  Marcelo H. Miragaya  Hernán C. Cucho Dolmos  María I. Carretero 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(11):1387-1397

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of collagenase and two final dimethylformamide (DMF) concentrations (4% and 7%) on alpaca frozen-thawed sperm quality. A total of 25 ejaculates from 5 alpaca were obtained using electroejaculation. Each individual ejaculate was evaluated and then diluted 4:1 in a solution of 1 mg/ml collagenase in HEPES-TALP medium and incubated for 4 min at 37°C. Subsequently, samples were diluted in TRIS-fructose-citric acid-egg yolk and cooled to 5°C. Then, each sample was divided in two aliquots and DMF at final concentration of 4% or 7% was added, equilibrated for 1 hr at 5°C and frozen over liquid nitrogen vapours. A Kruskal–Wallis test was used to evaluate the sperm morphometry, and Completely Random Block designs were used to analyse sperm motility, viability, membrane function and acrosome status. After collagenase incubation, none of the samples showed thread formation, and sperm parameters were preserved. Non-progressive motile sperm were higher (p < .05) in equilibrated samples (4% DMF: 31.8 ± 8.3% and 7% DMF: 36.3 ± 11.8%) compared to raw (10.1 ± 4.3%) and frozen-thawed semen (4% DMF: 9.7 ± 1.8% and 7% DMF: 7.5 ± 3.2%). Sperm membrane function, membrane integrity and intact acrosomes were higher (p < .05) in raw semen (40.1 ± 12.2%, 94.6 ± 3.2% and 91.3 ± 8.1%) compared to frozen-thawed samples (4% DMF: 19.8 ± 4.7%, 53.2 ± 2.7%, 65.7 ± 8.7% and 7% DMF: 20.4 ± 4.5%, 54.1 ± 1.4%, 64.6 ± 9.1%). Length of the sperm head was lower in frozen-thawed samples, being statistically different with 4% DMF compared to pre-freezing samples. The ratio between acrosome and head areas was greater (p < .05) in frozen-thawed samples. Incubation of raw alpaca semen with collagenase decreased the thread formation without affecting sperm quality. Frozen of collagenase treated alpaca semen with 4% or 7% DMF did not preserve the sperm parameters in thawed samples.  相似文献   

Free-range system and supplementation of 25-hydroxicholecalciferol increases the performance and serum vitamin levels in mixed-parity sows     

Josiane C. Panisson  Nathália C. Oliveira  Cristina M. Sá-Fortes  Adsos A. Passos  Claudia C. da Silva  Wagner A. G. Araújo  Idael M. G. Lopes  Gleison M. S. Costa  Iara Q. Ataíde  Bruno A. N. Silva 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13592

Improvements in sow productivity have raised questions regarding dietary vitamin D recommendations. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the housing system with access to sunlight exposure and supplementation of 25-hydroxicholecalciferol on performance and serum levels of 25(OH)D₃ in sows during gestation and lactation. Sows were distributed in an experimental design with two housing systems: gestation crates or gestation free-range system with external area for sunlight exposure; and two diets: 0 or 50 μg of 25-hydroxicholecalciferol kg⁻¹. The use of 25-hydroxicholecalciferol tended (P = 0.052) to improve total born and influenced (P = 0.046) on number of born alive. Litter weight at birth was also increased (P = 0.01) by 25-hydroxicholecalciferol supplementation; 25-hydroxicholecalciferol supplementation and housing system (free-range with sunlight exposure) tended to increase weaning weight (P = 0.07) and litter daily gain (P = 0.051) during lactation. Exposure to sunlight and 25-hydroxicholecalciferol supplementation increased 25(OH)D₃ serum levels when compared with control treatment during gestation (136.95 vs. 113.92 ng mL⁻¹; P = 0.035) and lactation (120.29 vs. 88.93 ng mL⁻¹; P = 0.026). In conclusion, the association of 25-hydroxicholecalciferol supplementation with exposure to sunlight during gestation improved significantly 25(OH)D₃ serum levels and consequently performance traits in gestation and lactation.  相似文献   

Hemodynamic effects of incremental doses of acepromazine in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs     

Julia P.P. Rangel  Eduardo R. Monteiro  Flavia S. Bitti  Juarez S.N. Junior  Daniela Campagnol 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(2):167-173

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of incremental doses of acepromazine on hemodynamics in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs.Study designProspective, experimental study.AnimalsHealthy, adult, mixed-breed dogs (two male and four female) weighing 16.8 ± 5.1 kg (mean ± standard deviation).MethodsDogs were anesthetized with propofol (7 mg kg^–1) intravenously (IV) and isoflurane. Thermodilution and arterial catheters were placed for hemodynamic monitoring and arterial blood sampling for blood gas analysis. Baseline measurements were performed with stable expired concentration of isoflurane (Fe′Iso) at 1.8%. Each dog was then administered four incremental acepromazine injections (10, 15, 25 and 50 μg kg^–1) IV, and measurements were repeated 20 minutes after each acepromazine injection with Fe′Iso decreased to 1.2%. The four acepromazine injections resulted in cumulative doses of 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg kg^–1 (time points ACP₁₀, ACP₂₅, ACP₅₀ and ACP₁₀₀, respectively).ResultsCompared with baseline, cardiac index (CI) increased significantly by 34%, whereas systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) decreased by 25% at ACP₅₀ and ACP₁₀₀. Arterial oxygen content (CaO₂) was significantly lower than baseline after all acepromazine injections (maximum decreases of 11%) and was lower at ACP₅₀ and ACP₁₀₀ than at ACP₁₀. No significant change was found in heart rate, stroke index, oxygen delivery index and systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressures. Hypotension (mean arterial pressure < 60 mmHg) was observed in one dog at baseline, ACP₁₀, ACP₂₅ and ACP₁₀₀, and in two dogs at ACP₅₀.Conclusions and clinical relevanceCompared with isoflurane alone, anesthesia with acepromazine–isoflurane resulted in increased CI and decreased SVRI and CaO₂ values. These effects were dose-related, being more pronounced at ACP₅₀ and ACP₁₀₀. Under the conditions of this study, acepromazine administration did not change blood pressure.  相似文献   

Changes in Physical Properties of Soils with Land Use Time in the Brazilian Savanna Environment     

Kleber Trabaquini  Antnio Roberto Formaggio  Lênio Soares Galvo 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2015,26(4):397-408

Soils from central Brazil have been intensively used over the last decades because of the rapid conversion of savannas ( Cerrado ) into corn/soybean fields. The objective of this work is to study modifications in the physical properties of soils in the Rio Verde watershed, as a function of the land use time for agriculture, determined from classification of Landsat satellite images between 1980 and 2010. Soil samples were collected at surface (0–20 cm) and subsurface (20–40 cm) horizons for the different classes of land use time (<10, 10–20, 20–30, and >30 years). The following physical properties were measured: bulk density (BD), air permeability (K_a), penetration resistance (PR), microporosity (MI), macroporosity (MA), and total porosity (TP). Results showed a strong expansion with time of agriculture that occupied 35·3% (1980), 37·4% (1990), 51·3% (2000), and 60·9% (2010) of the watershed area. When properties were compared with those from the reference areas (preserved soils under native vegetation), significant differences were observed for all the physical attributes of soils for a land use time higher than 20 years. Overall, BD and PR increased with land use time, and the opposite was verified for K_a, MA, and TP. Some physical properties presented values (e.g., 1·54 g cm⁻³ for BD and 0.06 cm³ cm⁻³ for MA) close to the critical ones reported to affect crop development, but they were not still impacting on local soybean yield. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

‘Star Ruby’ grapefruit and ‘Clemenules’ mandarin trees show different physiological and agronomic responses to irrigation with saline water     

J. G. Pérez-Pérez  F. García-Sánchez  J. M. Robles  P. Botía 《Irrigation Science》2015,33(3):191-204

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Analgesic efficacy of an oral transmucosal spray formulation of meloxicam alone or in combination with tramadol in cats with naturally occurring osteoarthritis          下载免费PDF全文

Beatriz P Monteiro  Mary P Klinck  Maxim Moreau  Martin Guillot  Paulo VM Steagall  Daniel K Edge  Jean‐Pierre Pelletier  Johanne Martel‐Pelletier  Dominique Gauvin  Jérôme RE del Castillo  Eric Troncy 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(6):643-651

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Polymethylmethacrylate orbital implants with interconnecting channels. A retrospective study following enucleation in dogs and cats          下载免费PDF全文

Arianne P. Oriá  Mary'Anne Rodrigues de Souza  Francisco de Assis Dórea Neto  Deusdete C. Gomes Junior  Alessandra Estrela‐Lima  Caterina Muramoto  João Moreira Costa Neto  Ron Ofri 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2016,19(2):102-109

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Tear ferning test in horses and its correlation with ocular surface evaluation          下载免费PDF全文

Laura R. Silva  Anderson F. Gouveia  Cleyber J. T. de Fátima  Letícia B. Oliveira  Janildo L. Reis Jr.  Renato F. Ferreira  Concepta M. Pimentel  Paula D. Galera 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2016,19(2):117-123

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Effects of gossypol from cottonseed cake on the blood profile in sheep     

Antônio Carlos Lopes Câmara  André Menezes do Vale  Cláudio Roberto Scabelo Mattoso  Marília Martins Melo  Benito Soto-Blanco 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(5):1037-1042

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Oat and ryegrass silage for small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of central Mexico     

Maria Danaee Celis-Alvarez  Felipe López-González  Carlos Galdino Martínez-García  Julieta Gertrudis Estrada-Flores  Carlos Manuel Arriaga-Jordán 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(6):1129-1134

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