Radiographic quantitative assessment of cranial tibial subluxation before and after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs     

Kim SE  Lewis DD  Pozzi A  Seibert RL  Winter MD 《American journal of veterinary research》2011,72(3):410-416

  相似文献   

Epidemiological enquiries in two Q fever outbreaks in a community of Baden-Württemberg during 2008 and 2009     

Hilbert A  Reith P  Brockmann SO  Tyczka J  Fischer SF  Piechotowski I  Wagner-Wiening C  Winter CH  Bendak J  Meier C  Spengler D  Miller T  Kleine-Albers C  Renner C  Koepsel U  Hensler E  Henning K  Fröhlich A  Conraths FJ  Kramer M 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2011,124(7-8):295-302

In 2008 and 2009, two consecutive outbreaks of Q fever in humans were recorded in the district of Freudenstadt, northern Black Forrest, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. In 2008, a total of 41 persons from a single local community fell ill and were found infected with Coxiella burnetii. Although comprehensive diagnostic and epidemiological outbreak investigations were conducted and control measures taken which included vaccination of ruminants at risk in three parts of the affected community, re-occurrence of the disease in 2009 with further 29 confirmed human Q fever cases could not be prevented. While the origin of infection of the first outbreak was probably a flock of 550 sheep moved in the surrounding of the affected villages, the source of infection for the consecutive outbreak in 2009 could not be identified. It seems possible that meadows contaminated with infectious placenta or birth fluids represented the sources of infection.  相似文献   

Unilateral orbital lacrimal gland abscess in a horse     

Greenberg SM  Plummer CE  Brooks DE  Porter M  Farina LL  Winter MD 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2011,14(1):55-60

A 20-year-old Thoroughbred gelding presented for evaluation of a periorbital dorsal swelling of the left eye that had been intermittently present for 3 months. Upon ocular examination, a firm, non-painful swelling was identified under the upper eyelid in the region of the orbital lacrimal gland, and was noted to extend anteriorly from underneath the dorsal orbital rim. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a mixed echogenic mass along the dorsal orbital rim that followed the contour of the globe. CT scan showed a moderately contrast enhancing mass that was contiguous with the eyelid. Differential diagnoses included neoplasia, inflammatory lesions such as a granuloma, foreign body or abscess. Surgical exploration and excision of the mass revealed a lobular structure with a purulent center. Histopathology identified the mass as the orbital lacrimal gland with concurrent severe dacryoadenitis. Culture of the purulent center of the mass revealed beta-hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus. The patient was maintained on supportive care and antibiotic treatment based on sensitivity postoperatively. No recurrence was reported 40 months later. This paper aims to identify bacterial dacryoadenitis as a cause for unilateral periorbital swelling in the horse. Differential diagnoses for this presentation, as well as successful surgical management are discussed. To the author's knowledge, this is the first case of bacterial dacryoadenitis and subsequent abscessation of the orbital lacrimal gland in the horse.  相似文献   

Topoedaphic Variability and Patch Burning in Sand Sagebrush Shrubland     

Stephen L. Winter  Samuel D. Fuhlendorf  Carla L. Goad  Craig A. Davis  Karen R. Hickman 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2011,64(6):633-640

Patch burning is the deliberate application of fire to a management unit in a heterogeneous manner, resulting in the heterogeneous distribution of grazing animal impact. The application of patch burning typically has been discussed within a framework of imposing heterogeneity on a homogeneous landscape or management unit, yet most landscapes and management units are actually distinguished by an inherent level of heterogeneity. Within landscapes and management units, differing topography and soils interact to create patterns of contrasting patches, also known as topoedaphic sites. Thus, introduction of a heterogeneous disturbance such as patch burning on a landscape or management unit is more accurately described as the imposition of one layer of heterogeneity onto a pre-existing layer of heterogeneity. We examined effects of patch burning on vegetation structure and animal distribution across contrasting topographical sites in sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia Torr.) shrubland of the southern Great Plains in North America. Landscapes at our study site were characterized by an inherent amount of heterogeneity in vegetation structure due to variability in topoedaphic sites, and the patch burning treatment superimposed additional heterogeneity that was constrained by topoedaphic characteristics. Shrub-dominated sites were more dependent on patch burning for heterogeneity of vegetation structure than sites dominated by short grasses. Distribution patterns of cattle (Bos taurus) were not significantly different across treatments, though they followed patterns similar to previous studies. We demonstrated that heterogeneity was dependent on topoedaphic patterns and the application of patch burning management for heterogeneity was dependent on the inherent variability of a landscape.  相似文献   

Testing phagocytic capacity of porcine blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes using laser flow cytometry     

M Winter  H G Buschmann 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1987,34(9):679-683

  相似文献   

Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces: The effect of oil on the water repellence of hydrophobic and superhydrophobic soils     

Rebecca McCerery  John Woodward  Glen McHale  Kate Winter  Steven Armstrong  Bethany V. Orme 《European Journal of Soil Science》2021,72(2):963-978

  相似文献   

Engineering herbicide tolerance in transgenic plants     

Shah DM  Horsch RB  Klee HJ  Kishore GM  Winter JA  Tumer NE  Hironaka CM  Sanders PR  Gasser CS  Aykent S  Siegel NR  Rogers SG  Fraley RT 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,233(4762):478-481

The herbicide glyphosate is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate- 3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase in higher plants. A complementary DNA (cDNA) clone encoding EPSP synthase was isolated from a complementary DNA library of a glyphosate-tolerant Petunia hybrida cell line (MP4-G) that overproduces the enzyme. This cell line was shown to overproduce EPSP synthase messenger RNA as a result of a 20-fold amplification of the gene. A chimeric EPSP synthase gene was constructed with the use of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter to attain high level expression of EPSP synthase and introduced into petunia cells. Transformed petunia cells as well as regenerated transgenic plants were tolerant to glyphosate.  相似文献   

Nucleotide sequence of Escherichia coli tyrosine transfer ribonucleic acid   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

B P Doctor  J E Loebel  M A Sodd  D B Winter 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,163(868):693-695

The nucleotide sequence of one of the Escherichia coli tyrosine-transfer ribonucleic acids was determined in order to compare its sequence with that of yeast tyrosine-transfer ribonucleic acid. Forty-four positions of both transfer ribonucleic acids are occupied by the same nucleotides if they are arranged in the manner shown here. The information obtained suggests that the conformation of transfer ribonucleic acid molecules may be a greater contributing factor than a specific nucleotide sequence in the interaction of transfer ribonucleic acid with its corresponding aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase.  相似文献   

Stabilisierung der Erträge virusinfizierter Kartoffelherkünfte durch das antiphytovirale Präparat 2,4-Dioxohexahydrotriazin     

G. Schuster  W. Kochmann  W. Kramer  K. Lehmann  W. Steinke  W. Höringklee  G. Esser  U. Steinke  H. Winter 《Potato Research》1979,22(4):279-288

Zusammenfassung In mehrj?hrigen Parzellenversuchen wurde durch Behandlung mit 2,4-Dioxohexahydrotriazin (DHT), einer neu entwickelten antiphytoviralen Substanz im Durchschnitt von 57 st?rker virusinfizierten Herkünften (durchschnittlicher Virusbesatz 24.6%) der Ertrag hochsignifikant um 1.1 t/ha (=6.5%) erh?ht. Bei 49 gesunden Herkünften (durchschnittlicher Virusbesatz 4.8%) wurden demgegenüber die Ertr?ge nicht ver?ndert. Demnach darf die angeführte Ertragserh?hung der antiviralen Wirkung des DHT zugeschrieben werden. In 44 Grossfl?chenversuchen in Konsumkartoffelbest?nden (Virusbesatz etwa zwischen 10 und 30%), wurde der Ertrag hochsignifikant um 1.4 t/ha (=8.0%) erh?ht. Werden die im trocken-heissen Jahr 1976 in ausgesprochenen Dürregebieten erhaltenen Ergebnisse eliminiert, ergeben sich in den Parzellenversuchen mit virusinfizierten Herkünften hochsignifikante Mehrertr?ge von 1.9 t/ha (=9.7%) und bei den Grossfl?chenversuchen von 2.3 t/ha (=12.6%).

---

Summary Studies have been made to determine whether the use of 2.4-dioxohexahydrotriazine (DHT), a newly developed antiphytoviral compound with satisfactory virostatic activity and a favourable chemotherapeutic index (Schuster et al., 1979a, b) can reduce or prevent viral depression of the yield of ware potatoes. Between 1973 and 1977 a total of 106 plot tests were made, using a block design with four replicates. In addition, between 1975 and 1977, 44 large-scale field trials were carried out, the area treated in most of these being 20 ha. In every case, yields from plants treated with DHT five times at intervals of fourteen days were compared with those from untreated control plants. Seed stocks used for the plot tests were classified on the basis of eye excision tests as ‘healthy’ (virus infection less than 10%, average 4.8%) or ‘virus-infected’ (infection greater than 10%, average 24.6%). In the case of 57 ‘virus-infected’ stocks, DHT treatment resulted in a highly significant increase in yield—on average 1.1 t/ha=6.5% (Table 1). On the other hand, treatment with DHT had no material effect on the yield from 49 ‘healthy’ stocks. This indicates that the increase in yield resulted from the antiviral activity of DHT. In the 44 large-scale field trials, carried out in ware crops in which the level of virus infection was generally between 10% and 30%, a highly significant increase in yield was obtained — on average 1.4 t/ha=8%. Included in the data, however, are minor increases in yield recorded in the trials carried out in 1976 (an unusually hot, dry year) in areas badly affected by drought. If these are ignored, a highly significant average increase in yield of 1.9 t/ha=9.7% is obtained when the results of the plot and field trials are combined (Table 1). It is evident from these results that a considerable increase in yield may be obtained through the use of DHT to stabilize yields from virus infected seed stocks. This antiviral preparation has the added advantage of being non-toxic and very economical in use.

---

Résumé Des études ont été effectuées afin de conna?tre dans quelle mesure la 2,4-dioxohexahydrotriazine (DHT), substance antiphytovirale nouvellement développée, permet de réduire ou d'éviter les chutes de rendement dans les cultures de pommes de terre de consommation. Ce produit ralentit considérablement, et de manière durable la reproduction du PVX ainsi que celle d'autres virus (Schuster et al., 1979a, b). Au cours des années 1973 à 1977, 106 parcelles disposées en blocs avec 4 répétitions ont été testées. D'autre part, de 1975 à 1977, 44 essais en grande culture couvrant une surface de 20 ha ont été effectués. Dans tous les cas, les surfaces traitées 5 fois à la DHT, à des intervalles de 14 jours, ont été comparées avec des parcelles non traitées. Lors de la récolte des parcelles, il a été prélevé un tubercule par plante pour un postcontr?le virologique. Suivant les résultats du test, les plants ont été classés selon leur taux de contamination par les virus. Pour les lots présentant un taux de contamination de moins de 10% au départ, le taux de contamination moyen fut de 4.8%. Les lots contaminés à plus de 10% présentèrent une attaque moyenne de 24%. Dans les lots contaminés par le virus, la DHT cut pour effet une augmentation hautement significative du rendement, soit 1,1 t/ha (=6,5%, tableau 1). En revanche, par le traitement de 49 parcelles saines, les rendements n'ont pas été influencés par la DHT. Par conséquent, l'augmentation du rendement mentionnée peut être attribuée à l'action anti-virale de la DHT. Sur 44 essais de pommes de terre de consommation en grande culture où la proportion de plantes contaminées atteignait 10–30%, une augmentation hautement significative de rendement a été obtenue, 1,4 t/ha (8.0%). Ces chiffres comprennent également les résultats des essais 1976, année chaude et séche dans certaines régions. En excluant les résultats de 1976, on obtient par les traitements sur les essais parcellaires, une augmentation de récolte hautement significative, soit 1,9 t/ha (=9.0%), et 11,3% pour les traitements en grande culture (tableau 1). Ces résultats démontrent que par le traitement avec la préparation anti-virale DHT, une augmentation non négligeable de rendement peut être obtenue sur des cultures contaminées par le virus, les frais étant économiquement acceptables.

  相似文献   

Pancreatic and intestinal enzyme activities in rats in response to balanced and unbalanced plant diets     

Kushak RI  Drapeau C  Winter HS 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2002,57(3-4):245-255

To simulate the effects of nutritionally adequate and inadequate vegetariandiets, rats were fed, for 28 days, an isonitrogenous, isocaloric, amino acidunbalanced cereal diet (CD) deficient in lysine and tryptophan or abalanced cereal-legume diet (CLD). The impact of these diets on enzymesresponsible for digestion of proteins and carbohydrates were measured.Neither experimental diet significantly affected the animal's final weight orfeed consumption in comparison with controls fed a standard mixed dietfrom plant and animal sources. However, during the first three weeks, theweight gain of rats fed the CD was significantly lower (p<0.01;p<0.05) than that of the controls. CD fed rats also had a higher feedefficiency ratio (p<0.05), demonstrating increased feed consumptionper unit of body weight. They also had decreased pancreatic-amylase activity (p<0.05), serum phytolytic and zoolytic-amylase activity (p<0.05) and serum protein level(p<0.05) than the controls. Activity of pancreatic trypsin and intestinalenzymes (sucrase, maltase, aminopeptidase N) were the same as in thecontrols. In rats fed CLD, growth, food consumption, and enzyme activitiesdid not change, however serum protein and glucose levels were higher(p<0.025; p<0.005) than in the controls. It is hypothesized thatdecrease in -amylase activity was mostly related to the tryptophandeficiency in the CD because this enzyme contains the highest amount oftryptophan units among all tested enzymes.  相似文献