Uroperitoneum attributable to ruptured urachus in a yearling bull.     

G M Baxter  D T Zamos  P O Mueller 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,200(4):517-520

Ruptured urachus was found to result in uroperitoneum in a yearling Beefmaster bull. The uroperitoneum was initially believed to be attributable to ruptured bladder secondary to urolithiasis; however, catheter decompression of the bladder through an ischiatic urethrotomy did not resolve the uroperitoneum. The persistent urachus was diagnosed and removed through caudal right flank laparotomy with the bull standing. The urachus was attached to the umbilicus, communicated with the lumen of the bladder, and had a mucosal lining. Ruptured urachus is an unusual cause of uroperitoneum, but can cause clinical signs identical to those of ruptured bladder. Persistent urachus is a congenital abnormality in many species, but may be hereditary in Beefmaster cattle. In addition, the bull in this report developed hyperkalemia, which is considered an unusual finding in cattle with uroperitoneum.  相似文献   

Chlamydia psittaci: inclusion morphology in cell culture and virulence in mice of ovine isolates   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

I E Anderson  T A Baxter 《The Veterinary record》1986,119(18):453-454

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Abdominal adhesions after small intestinal surgery in the horse     

G M Baxter  T E Broome  J N Moore 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1989,18(6):409-414

One hundred thirteen of 172 horses (66%) undergoing exploratory celiotomy for a small intestinal lesion survived 4 or more days after surgery. Intra-abdominal adhesions causing clinical problems requiring additional surgery or euthanasia were documented in 25 horses (22.1%). Problems developed in significantly more males than females. The most common initial small bowel lesion was ileal impaction (12 horses); 21 horses underwent small intestinal resection or bypass. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of intra-abdominal adhesions between horses that underwent intestinal resection or bypass and those that did not. Only 4 of the 25 horses (16%) with problems associated with postoperative adhesions survived. The mean interval between surgical procedures or between the initial procedure and euthanasia for all horses was 84 days (range, 7-512 days; median, 25 days). However, 70% of the subsequent celiotomies were performed within 60 days of the previous surgery. The mean interval between celiotomies was 221 days (range, 9-512 days) for the survivors and 61 days (range, 7-358 days) for the nonsurvivors. These results indicated that most of the problems related to postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions occurred within 2 months of the initial small intestinal surgery. Furthermore, the earlier development of postoperative adhesions was associated with a poorer prognosis for survival.  相似文献   

Plasma indicators of muscle damage in a model of nutritional myopathy in weaner sheep     

GM SMITH  JM FRY  JG ALLEN  ND COSTA† 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(1):12-17

SUMMARY Subclinical nutritional myopathy was induced in 5-month-old sheep by feeding them a diet low in vitamin E and selenium. Subsequently clinical myopathy was induced by dosing with protected polyunsaturated fatty acids. Plasma activities of creatine kinase (CK), pyruvate kinase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase and aldolase, enzymes of muscle origin, all remained above their reference ranges in clinically affected sheep, but fluctuated widely. Similar fluctuations occurred in subclinically affected animals, resulting in some activities being within the reference ranges and some above, at different times. Plasma malondialdehyde, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, proved of no diagnostic value. Terminal plasma CK activities were significantly correlated with microscopic damage in the vastus lateralis (VL), but not the vastus intermedius (VI) or the tensor fascia lata (TFL) muscles. AST was the most highly correlated with damage in VI and VL. In two clinically affected sheep successfully treated with an oral dose of α-tocopherol actetate all enzymes decreased steadily to within their reference ranges, at rates probably related to their plasma half-lives. These results suggest that measurement of plasma CK activity would be useful in monitoring recovery of treated sheep.  相似文献   

Modified transfixation pinning of compound radius and ulna fracture in a heifer   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G M Baxter  C E Wallace 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1991,198(4):665-668

A 405-kg heifer sustained a compound fracture of the distal portion of the radius and ulna after being hit by a car. The fracture was thoroughly debrided, lavaged, and reduced with the heifer under general anesthesia. The fracture was immobilized with a modified walking cast, using 2 fully threaded 6.4-mm (outside diameter) Steinmann pins placed through the proximal portion of the radius. The pins were incorporated into a full-limb fiberglass cast, and a 0.5-cm X 2.25-cm aluminum walking bar was positioned medially and laterally on the limb. The modified walking cast was removed after 7 weeks, and the fracture healed without complication. The transfixation pins and aluminum walking bar helped reduce the strong compressive and rotational forces at the fracture site. The modified walking cast can potentially be used for fixation of a variety of fractures in large animals.  相似文献   

Effects of exploratory laparotomy on plasma and peritoneal coagulation/fibrinolysis in horses     

G M Baxter  A H Parks  K W Prasse 《American journal of veterinary research》1991,52(7):1121-1127

Plasma and peritoneal fluid samples were collected before and after surgery from 6 horses undergoing a ventral midline exploratory laparotomy and from 6 anesthetized control horses. Coagulation/fibrinolytic components measured in the plasma and peritoneal fluid of these horses included the functional activity of antithrombin III, alpha-2 antiplasmin, plasminogen, and protein C, and the concentrations of fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products. Peritoneal fluid antithrombin III, fibrin degradation products, and plasminogen values were significantly increased after surgery (over time) in principal horses. Compared with control horses, postoperative peritoneal fluid from horses undergoing laparotomy had significantly increased antithrombin-III activity at 12 and 72 hours, alpha-2 antiplasmin activity at 24 hours, fibrin degradation product concentrations at 6, 12, 24, 72, 96, and 144 hours, plasminogen activity at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, and protein-C activity at 12, 24, 72, and 96 hours. There were no significant changes in the peritoneal fibrinogen concentration in principal horses. Plasma plasminogen activity was significantly decreased at 24 hours after surgery in principal horses, compared with controls. Changes were minimal in the remaining plasma coagulation/fibrinolytic components of horses undergoing laparotomy. Plasma and peritoneal fluid values of anesthetized control horses did not change.  相似文献   

Fecundity of anthelmintic resistant adult Haemonchus contortus after exposure to ivermectin or benzimidazoles in vivo     

E W Scott  P Baxter  J Armour 《Research in veterinary science》1991,50(2):247-249

A strain of Haemonchus contortus resistant to the benzimidazoles, ivermectin and salicylanilides was used to study the effect of exposure to ivermectin or oxfendazole on the number of eggs produced by adult female parasites. After anthelmintic administration there was a reduction in the faecal egg count of the infected lambs. Ivermectin caused a reduction in the number of eggs within adult parasites for up to 72 hours but this returned to higher than pre-treatment levels at 168 hours after treatment. After oxfendazole treatment there was an increase in the number of eggs stored in the adult parasites at 24 hours and then a significant reduction in the number of eggs for over 168 hours. This suggested that both ivermectin and oxfendazole have a deleterious effect on the reproductive potential of female H contortus although the parasites are resistant to these drugs. These results confirm the importance of allowing up to 10 days to elapse between the time of administration of an anthelmintic and the collecting of faecal samples when using the faecal egg count reduction test to identify anthelmintic resistance, especially when using benzimidazoles. The more prolonged effect on fecundity produced by oxfendazole may reflect the antimitotic action of the benzimidazole anthelmintics.  相似文献   

Effect of aspirin on ex vivo generation of thromboxane in healthy horses   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G M Baxter  J N Moore 《American journal of veterinary research》1987,48(1):13-16

Different dosages of aspirin were administered (by nasogastric tube) to 3 groups of 5 healthy adult horses to determine the minimal effective dosage needed to decrease serum thromboxane B2 (TxB2) concentrations and to determine the duration of this decrease. When compared with their base-line serum TxB2 concentrations, horses in group 1 (given 5 mg/kg) had a 71% decrease in TxB2 concentrations at 24 hours after aspirin was given and a 86% decrease at 48 hours; serum TxB2 concentrations were back to base-line values by 120 hours. Horses in group 2 (given 10 mg/kg) had a 60% decrease in TxB2 concentrations at 24 hours after aspirin was given, an 84% decrease at 48 hours, a 48% decrease at 96 hours, and an 18% decrease at 6 days. Horses in group 3 (given 20 mg/kg) had a 68% decrease in TxB2 concentrations at 24 hours, a 93% decrease at 72 hours, an 87% decrease at 96 hours, and a 70% decrease at 6 days after aspirin treatment was given. All groups had a statistically significant decrease in TxB2 concentrations (P less than 0.05) by 12 hours after aspirin was given, which persisted 96 hours for group 1 and throughout the study for groups 2 and 3. The maximal TxB2 decrease was similar among the 3 groups (90% decrease from base line), and there were no significant differences among the TxB2 concentrations between 24 and 72 hours after treatment was given.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

What is your diagnosis? Nonneoplastic myelofibrosis of the medullary cavity     

Rosser J  Baxter GM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,231(5):695-696

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Cellular site of glucocorticoid-receptor complex formation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

B B Levinson  J D Baxter  G G Rousseau  G M Tomkins 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1972,175(18):189-190

The cellular site of binding of dexamethasone by specific glucocorticoid receptors in cultured hepatoma cells was investigated with the use of certain mercurials. p-Chloromercuribenzene sulfonate and p-chloromercuribenzoate inhibit the binding of steroid by receptors in cell-free extracts, but they allow the steroid-receptor complex to form in whole cells. In contrast, HgCl(2) inhibits binding both in extracts and cells. Since both organic mercury compounds, unlike HgCl(2), do not readily enter intact cells, it appears that the specific steroid binding occurs inside the cell rather than at the cell membrane.  相似文献