The effect of pH modification on wetting kinetics of a naturally water‐repellent coniferous forest soil          下载免费PDF全文

A. Amer  G. E. Schaumann  D. Diehl 《European Journal of Soil Science》2017,68(3):317-326

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Influence of drying conditions on wettability and DRIFT spectroscopic C–H band of soil samples     

D. Diehl    R. H. Ellerbrock  & G. E. Schaumann 《European Journal of Soil Science》2009,60(4):557-566

This study assesses the effect of various drying procedures on water repellency measured by water drop penetration time ( WDPT ) and spectroscopic parameters gauged by Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform spectroscopy (DRIFT) of two anthropogenically-influenced soils at sites in Berlin. Wettable and water-repellent samples were dried at various temperatures and at prescribed relative humidity. WDPT and DRIFT spectroscopic characteristics were obtained from both dried and field-moist subsamples. Normalization of DRIFT spectral C–H band intensity ('surface hydrophobicity') against the integral absorption intensity over the wave number range 4000–400 cm⁻¹ resulted in an apparent resolution between the effects of water content and changes in C-H absorption at the surface. To our current knowledge, the latter could be best explained with changes in the three-dimensional rearrangement of organic molecules or moieties on inner and outer soil organic matter (SOM) surfaces, whereas the former could be a direct consequence of the fraction of inner and outer soil surfaces covered with water and of the mean thickness of the respective water films. Further evidence for this model is required from other investigations focusing on the surfaces in soil, before drawing final conclusions. The results show that the method of drying affects WDPT to a greater extent than soil water content after drying. DRIFT spectra suggest that exposure to high temperature results in some reorganization of SOM in the outer layer. It is further suggested that short exposure may result in a heterogeneous distribution of water leading to localized variation and inconsistency in WDPTs. Drying for 4 weeks under controlled relative humidity at 20°C is suggested as a reference preparation method combining the benefits of an almost unchanged SOM surface compared with field-moist samples with homogeneous moisture distribution.  相似文献   

Golden retriever pigmentary uveitis: Challenges of diagnosis and treatment     

Wendy M. Townsend  Jane A. Huey  Emily McCool  Adam King  Kathryn A. Diehl 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2020,23(5):774-784

Pigmentary uveitis (PU), also known as Golden Retriever Pigmentary Uveitis (GRPU), is a common ocular condition of Golden Retrievers that has severe, vision‐threatening ocular complications and can require surgical intervention. In order to ensure consistency in the diagnosis of GRPU between examiners, a specified set of diagnostic criteria must be applied. This is critical to ensure owners, breeders, and veterinary ophthalmologists maintain confidence in the ocular certification process. Therefore, current and former members of the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists’ Genetics Committee came together to draft this Viewpoint Article on the challenges of diagnosis and treatment of Golden Retriever Pigmentary Uveitis for veterinary ophthalmologists, Golden Retriever owners, and Golden Retriever breeders.  相似文献   

βbT-mannosidosis in Salers calves in Australia     

PJ HEALY  GN KIDD  RE REUTE  C BUNCE  I HOSIE  T STAPLETON 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(6):145-145

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Advances in topical glaucoma therapy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Willis AM  Diehl KA  Robbin TE 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2002,5(1):9-17

Significant advances have recently been achieved in the development of topical glaucoma medications. The primary advantage of a topical preparation is the reduced incidence of adverse systemic effects attributable to a given drug compared to its systemically administered counterpart. However, the strong protective barrier of the eye forces topical ophthalmic preparations to be highly concentrated and in some cases, they have the potential to produce unwanted systemic effects, particularly in smaller animals. Oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are commonly associated with adverse effects in both humans and animals. Two recently developed topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, dorzolamide and brinzolamide, have shown promise in reducing intraocular pressure in animals and systemic side effects are apparently limited with their use. The topical alpha2-agonist apraclonidine, on the other hand, effectively reduces intraocular pressure in cats and dogs, but in its currently available form is likely to induce unwanted systemic effects. Latanoprost is a topical prostaglandin F2alpha analog that has proven effective in reducing intraocular pressure in dogs and horses, but while systemic side effects have not yet been reported, this topical preparation may exacerbate pre-existing or concurrent ocular inflammatory disease.  相似文献   

Demographics and subsistence     

Diehl RA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1978,199(4329):676

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Disease-husbandry associations in farmed crocodiles in Queensland and the Northern Territory     

GN BUENVIAJE  PW LADDS  L. MELVILLE†  SC MANOLIS‡ 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(6):165-173

SUMMARY To investigate husbandry-disease associations in farmed crocodiles 7 farms in Queensland and the Northern Territory were visited and details of past and present farm design and husbandry practices were recorded. In addition pathological examination of 300 (mostly young) crocodiles was carried out (85 necropsied, one biopsied and 214 examined retrospectively). Mortality rate and occurrence of disease, especially opportunistic infections with bacteria and fungi, were highest during winter months and in farms located at greater latitudes. A difference in the presence and prevalence of disease between the initial establishment phase of Northern Territory crocodile farms (1984–87) and currently (1988–91) was apparent; parasitic infections are now relatively infrequent and bacterial septicaemias and mycoses less common as a result of some provision of artificial heating for juveniles. Gross and microscopic changes observed in visceral and periarticular gout, bacterial hepatitis/septicaemia, deep and superficial mycosis, pentastomiasis and other parasitic infections are described.  相似文献   

Association of Hepatic Necrosis With Trimethoprim Sulfonamide Administration in 4 Dogs     

David C. Twedt DVM    Kelly J. Diehl  Michael R. Lappin  David M. Getzy 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1997,11(1):20-23

Hepatic necrosis in association with trimethoprim-sulfonamide (TMS) combination therapy was diagnosed in 4 dogs based on history, clinical presentation, and examination of histopathologic specimens collected postmortem. Duration of TMS therapy prior to onset of clinical signs ranged from 4 to 30 days. The dose of TMS ranged from 18 mg/kg to 53 mg/kg bid. Despite supportive medical therapy, all dogs died or were euthanized due to hepatic failure. This report highlights the potential for hepatotoxicity during TMS therapy. Duration of therapy, type of TMS combination, and dose did not appear related to the development of toxicity. The low number of dogs affected suggests an idiosyncratic drug reaction.  相似文献   

Chloroform for anesthesia in a closed-circuit system as a substitute for fluothane in the horse     

M Diehl 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1973,115(1):21-34

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Bilateral phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in a great horned owl     

Carter RT  Murphy CJ  Stuhr CM  Diehl KA 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,230(4):559-561

CASE DESCRIPTION: A great horned owl of estimated age < 1 year that was captured by wildlife rehabilitators was evaluated because of suspected cataracts. CLINICAL FINDINGS: Nuclear and incomplete cortical cataracts were evident in both eyes. Ocular ultrasonography revealed no evidence of retinal detachment, and electroretinography revealed normal retinal function. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: For visual rehabilitation, cataract surgery was planned and intraocular lens design was determined on the basis of values obtained from the schematic eye, which is a mathematical model representing a normal eye for a species. Cataract surgery and intraocular lens placement were performed in both eyes. After surgery, refraction was within -0.75 diopters in the right eye and -0.25 diopters in the left eye. Visual rehabilitation was evident on the basis of improved tracking and feeding behavior, and the owl was eventually released into the wild. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In raptors with substantial visual compromise, euthanasia or placement in a teaching facility is a typical outcome because release of such a bird is unacceptable. Successful intraocular lens implantation for visual rehabilitation and successful release into the wild are achievable.  相似文献