Cochliomyia hominivorax myiasis in a colony of stray cats (Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758) in Rio de Janeiro, RJ     

Mendes-de-Almeida F  Labarthe N  Guerrero J  Landau-Remy G  Rodrigues DP  Borja GE  Pereira MJ 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,146(3-4):376-378

Cochliomyia hominivorax infestation in domestic cats of an urban colony in the city of Rio de Janeiro is described. The overall prevalence over the period 2001-2005 was 12.5%. Only adult cats were found infested and among these, most cases were observed in males (28%) (p < or = 0.05). The most frequently infested areas of the cats' bodies were the face and nape of the neck. Most lesions were found on the front part of the body of adult males (80%), suggesting that myiasis occur in consequence of competitive fighting wounds.  相似文献   

Use of Red Blood Cell Membranes to Evaluate the Antioxidant Potential of Plant Extracts   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Gabriella Cavallini  Marina Dachà  Lucia Potenza  Annamaria Ranieri  Claudia Scattino  Antonella Castagna  Ettore Bergamini 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(2):108-114

Antioxidant phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables of a vegetarian diet may account for the reduced risk of aging and stress oxidative associated diseases. In this study, a simple, rapid and accurate new bioassay for the determination of the antioxidant activity of purified or crude plant extracts and thier interactions is described, based on the fluorimetric determination of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) released by UV-B radiated red blood cell (RBC) ghosts. Pure resveratrol, white and red wine and pomegranate juice (PJ) were used as antioxidant source to test the biological method. TBARS production is a function of radiation time, the number of RBC ghosts in the radiated sample and the loaded antioxidant. The antioxidant activity of resveratrol was detected at a submicromolar concentration range [0.02 μg/mL–0.1 μmol/L]. The activity of red wine was almost 10 times higher than that of white wine, and PJ juice had the highest activity. Submaximal protective effects of PJ and red wine were additive.  相似文献   

Effect of thermal treatment on properties of OSB panels   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Rafael Farinassi Mendes  Geraldo Bortoletto Júnior  Natalie Ferreira de Almeida  Paula Gabriella Surdi  Isabela Najm Barbeiro 《Wood Science and Technology》2013,47(2):243-256

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of thermal treatment of strand particles (pre-treatment) and panels (post-treatment) on the physical and mechanical properties of OSB. The experimental design consisted of five treatments, with the evaluation of the following: two particle treatment temperatures (473.15 and 513.15 K) for a period of 60 min, thermal post-treatment of the panels produced with and without application of wax emulsion at 493.15 K for a period of 12 min, and panels without heat treatment (control). For each treatment, three panels were produced with adhesives based on phenol formaldehyde. The pressing cycle of the panels was at a pressure of 3.51 MPa, 433.15 K and 8 min. Through the analysis of the results, it was possible to draw the following conclusions: the panels produced with the particles heat-treated at 513.15 K showed the best dimensional stability. The thermal post-treatment caused a significant improvement in some of the physical properties of the panels without compromising the mechanical properties. The thermal pre-treatment provided a more pronounced effect on the panel properties than the thermal post-treatment providing improved physical properties and lower mechanical properties.  相似文献   

Effect of Astaxanthin on Human Sperm Capacitation     

Gabriella Donà  Ivana Ko?uh  Anna Maria Brunati  Alessandra Andrisani  Guido Ambrosini  Guglielmo Bonanni  Eugenio Ragazzi  Decio Armanini  Giulio Clari  Luciana Bordin 《Marine drugs》2013,11(6):1909-1919

In order to be able to fertilize oocytes, human sperm must undergo a series of morphological and structural alterations, known as capacitation. It has been shown that the production of endogenous sperm reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in causing cells to undergo a massive acrosome reaction (AR). Astaxanthin (Asta), a photo-protective red pigment belonging to the carotenoid family, is recognized as having anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties and is present in many dietary supplements. This study evaluates the effect of Asta in a capacitating buffer which induces low ROS production and low percentages of acrosome-reacted cells (ARC). Sperm cells were incubated in the presence or absence of increasing concentrations of Asta or diamide (Diam) and analyzed for their ROS production, Tyr-phosphorylation (Tyr-P) pattern and percentages of ARC and non-viable cells (NVC). Results show that Asta ameliorated both sperm head Tyr-P and ARC values without affecting the ROS generation curve, whereas Diam succeeded in enhancing the Tyr-P level but only of the flagellum without increasing ARC values. It is suggested that Asta can be inserted in the membrane and therefore create capacitation-like membrane alteration which allow Tyr-P of the head. Once this has occurred, AR can take place and involves a higher numbers of cells.  相似文献   

Changes induced by powdery mildew in the salicylic acid and polyamine contents and the antioxidant enzyme activities of wheat lines     

Magda P��l  Vikt��ria Kov��cs  Gyula Vida  Gabriella Szalai  Tibor Janda 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,135(1):35-47

Investigations were made on four wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines under greenhouse conditions, in order to reveal the role of stress-protective materials, namely salicylic acid, polyamines and antioxidant enzymes in the level of tolerance to powdery mildew infection caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer f.sp. tritici ém. Marchal. The four lines showed different levels of tolerance, assessed on the Saari-Prescott scoring scale: TC26 and TC33 proved to be susceptible and TC9 and TC19 resistant. In most of the lines, infection caused changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, especially in the case of guaiacol peroxidase. Four peroxidase isoenzymes, which responded differently to powdery mildew infection could be detected by gel electrophoresis. Infection had only a slight effect on the levels of salicylic acid (free and bound forms) in inoculated plants; while the levels of polyamines, especially spermidine and spermine increased after infection. Correlation analysis was also performed to examine how close a relationship exists between the parameters investigated. It was concluded that salicylic acid, polyamines and antioxidant enzymes have an important role in plant responses and defence mechanisms during this biotic stress and that in some cases there were significant relationships between them. However the levels of these compounds either initially or after pathogen inoculation, could not explain the degree of tolerance to powdery mildew in the four wheat lines investigated.  相似文献   

Melamine–cyanurate complexes and oxidative stress markers in trout kidney following melamine and cyanuric acid long-term co-exposure and withdrawal     

Nicole Pacini  Ambrosius Josef Martin Dörr  Antonia Concetta Elia  Melissa Scoparo  Maria Cesarina Abete  Marino Prearo 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(5):1609-1619

In 2007, renal failure and death in pets were linked to pet food containing both melamine (MEL) and cyanuric acid (CYA). In mammals and fish, the co-administration of MEL and CYA causes renal crystal formation. Moreover, little is known about the process of crystal removal in fish. The aim of this study was to evaluate the formation of MEL–cyanurate crystals in kidney of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed combined MEL and CYA diets for 10 weeks at 250, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg in feed (equivalent to 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg body weight of trout fed 1 % body weight per day). During the exposure trial and throughout a withdrawal period, prooxidant effects of MEL and CYA were evaluated on oxidative stress markers such as catalase, glutathione S-transferase and malondialdehyde. Crystal formation was dose and time dependent, and after six withdrawal weeks, crystals persisted in kidney of trout treated the highest triazine dose. Catalase and glutathione S-transferase activity in kidney of trout exposed to both triazines for 10 weeks indicated that MEL (with or without CYA) can exert a higher prooxidant effect than CYA dispensed singly. Although the enzymes activity increase appears to be reverted after two MEL withdrawal weeks, persistence of crystals may lead to severe damage in renal cells of fish.  相似文献   

Immunocytochemical and ultrastructural identification of adenohypophyseal cells in Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) during gonadal differentiation     

Gilberto Grandi  Maria Gabriella Marchetti  Mattia Lanzoni  Milvia Chicca 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2014,40(4):1115-1139

The adenohypophysis was studied by immunocytochemical and ultrastructural methods in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) from natural reproduction in Northern Italian rivers. The adenohypophysis included the rostral pars distalis (RPD), the proximal pars distalis (PPD) and the pars intermedia (PI), all deeply penetrated by branches of the neurohypophysis (Nh). The prolactin (PRL), adrenocorticotropic (ACTH), somatotropic (GH), thyrotropic (TSH), gonadotropic type I (GtH I) and type II (GtH II), somatolactin (SL), melanotropic (MSH) and endorphin (END) cells were identified with antisera raised against piscine and human pituitary hormones. In juveniles of 51–69 mm of total body length (TL) with undifferentiated gonads, the PRL cells, arranged in thick strands, occupied most of the RPD. The ACTH and GH cells organized in cords bordering Nh were, respectively, confined to RPD and PPD. The TSH cells were scattered among ACTH cells in RPD and among GH cells in PPD. Cells simultaneously immunoreactive to anti-follicle stimulating hormone and to anti-croaker gonadotropin were intermingled among GH and TSH cells, which were mostly in the dorsal PPD. The SL cells were detected in PI layers bordering the Nh. The MSH and END cells were intermingled in PI and, unlike what observed in other teleosts, their respective antisera did not cross-react. In individuals of 78–112 mm TL with gonads at the beginning of differentiation, the GtH II cells were detected in PPD; all other cell types increased in number. These results, supported by ultrastructural investigations, suggest that SL and GtH II cells are directly involved in gonadal differentiation in C. idella.  相似文献   

Ilyonectria palmarum sp. nov. causing dry basal stem rot of Arecaceae     

Dalia Aiello  Vladimiro Guarnaccia  Alessandro Vitale  Gabriella Cirvilleri  Giovanni Granata  Filomena Epifani  Giancarlo Perrone  Giancarlo Polizzi  Johannes Z. Groenewald  Pedro W. Crous 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,138(2):347-359

During surveys conducted in 2010–2013, a complete breakage or bending of the trunk and a dry basal stem rot were observed on containerised Brahea armata, B. edulis, Howea forsteriana and Trachycarpus princeps plants in different nurseries located in eastern Sicily (southern Italy). A cylindrocarpon-like species was consistently obtained from diseased palm tissues, while known pathogens of these hosts such as Ganoderma, Phytophthora and Thielaviopsis were not found associated with symptomatic tissues or isolated on standard or selective media. A total of 40 cylindrocarpon-like isolates were collected and characterised based on morphology and DNA phylogeny. Multigene analyses based on the β-tubulin, histone H3, translation elongation factor 1-α, and the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2) genes facilitated the identification of a new species, described here as Ilyonectria palmarum. The pathogenicity of one representative isolate collected from each palm species was tested on plants cultivated under nursery conditions and in a growth chamber. All isolates were pathogenic to B. armata, B. edulis, H. forsteriana, and T. princeps and symptoms identical to that observed in nurseries were reproduced. Dry basal stem rot and stem bending caused by Ilyonectria palmarum represents a potentially serious problem for nurseries cultivating containerised palms.  相似文献   

Influence of growing periods on the quality of baby spinach leaves at harvest and during storage as minimally processed produce   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. Conte  G. Conversa  C. Scrocco  I. Brescia  J. Laverse  A. Elia  M.A. Del Nobile   《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2008,50(2-3):190-196

The influence of different growing periods on quality and decay of fresh-cut baby spinach leaves during chilling storage was assessed. Three different spinach crops were sown on October, December and January, respectively. On January–March the vegetable leaves were harvested, analysed for nitrate, oxalate, vitamin C and chlorophyll content and, after the minimal processing operations, the leaves were packaged and stored at 5 °C. During storage, respiration rate, microbiological quality, dry matter, chlorophyll content and colour parameters were monitored. The results show that for all harvests, the initial quality of leaves was acceptable, although slight changes may be due to variability in climatic conditions.  相似文献   

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cornus mas</Emphasis> (L.) Fruit as a Potential Source of Natural Health-Promoting Compounds: Physico-Chemical Characterisation of Bioactive Components     

Marta De Biaggi  Dario Donno  Maria Gabriella Mellano  Isidoro Riondato  Ernest N. Rakotoniaina  Gabriele L. Beccaro 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2018,73(2):89-94

Interest in new sources of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds has recently become a major research issue, with the cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) receiving particular attention for its significant amounts of phenolic compounds and vitamins, which exhibit a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties. This study was aimed at increasing knowledge regarding the cornelian cherry in Italy through the analysis of biologically active substances in the locally available genotype “Chieri”. Spectrophotometric methods were applied to evaluate antioxidant activity, total anthocyanin content and total polyphenolic content. Identification and quantification of the main phytochemical compounds (polyphenols, monoterpenes, organic acids and vitamin C) was performed via high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector. C. mas extracts showed high levels of total soluble solids and low acidity. High amounts of phenolic secondary metabolites were observed, with particular reference to anthocyanins (134.71 mg_C3G/100 g_FW), which confer remarkable nutraceutical properties to the analysed samples. These results highlight the potential of C. mas fruits as a good source of natural antioxidants, suggesting their use as a functional food. Future studies should focus on identifying other specific phytochemical compounds and the genetic traits of local varieties in order to improve cornelian cherry cultivars for food and medicine production.  相似文献