Applications of black walnut husks can improve orchardgrass and red clover yields in silvopasture and alley cropping plantings     

J. H. Houx III  H. E. Garrett  R. L. McGraw 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,73(3):181-187

Black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) produces both valuable lumber and a nut crop. Because of this, it is an important tree for agroforestry plantings in the Midwest USA. However, during processing of the nut crop, the outer tissue of the nut (husks) accumulates in great quantities. Applying this material to pastures is a possible method of disposal. However, black walnut has been implicated in allelopathic interactions with numerous plant species and may inhibit the growth of pasture species. Greenhouse and field studies and a chemical analysis of the husks were conducted to determine the effects of applying walnut husks to orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) or red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) pastures. Applying husks at rates up to 68 Mg ha⁻¹ to pot-grown orchardgrass resulted in root and shoot yields that were greater than in pots receiving no husks. Field studies indicated that orchardgrass and red clover benefited from the application of husks. For orchardgrass, significant increases in growth occurred when husks were applied at a rate of 34 Mg ha⁻¹ while red clover responded to rates up to 68 Mg ha⁻¹. A chemical analysis of husks indicated that significant quantities of N and K were present in walnut husks. A whole effluent toxicity test (WETT) indicates that runoff from walnut husk-treated pastures, at the rates used in this study, would not adversely affect aquatic organisms.  相似文献   

EFFECTS OF EXPERIMENTAL NERVE ROOT COMPRESSION ON ARTERIAL BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY IN THE SEVENTH LUMBAR SPINAL GANGLION OF THE DOG: MEASUREMENT USING INTRAOPERATIVE DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY     

Jeryl C.  Jones  DVM  PHD  Judith A.  Hudson  DVM  PhD  Donald C.  Sorjonen  DVM  MS  Charles E.  Hoffman  CVT  BS  LATG  Kyle G.  Braund  BVS  MVS  PhD  James C.  Wright  DVM  MS  PhD  Phillip D.  Garrett  DVM  MS  Jan E.  Bartels  DVM  MS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1996,37(2):133-140

Intraoperative Doppler ultrasonography was used to measure the effects of four experimental nerve root compression treatments (central compression, central-plus-lateral compression, lateral compression, and compression release) on arterial blood flow velocities in the seventh lumbar spinal ganglion of three dogs. Graphed blood flow velocity changes (change = treatment value − pretreatment value) were below baseline during the first three compression treatments and above baseline following compression release. Mean blood flow velocity changes for both central-plus-lateral compression and lateral compression differed (p ≤ 0.05) from changes for central compression. Changes for central-plus-lateral compression did not differ (p > 0.05) from changes for lateral compression. Changes among the first three compression treatments differed (p ≤ 0.05) from changes for compression release. No histologic abnormalities were identified in compressed nerve tissues, compared to contralateral controls. These findings indicate that stenosis within the L7-S1 intervertebral foramen may cause ischemia of the L7 spinal ganglion in dogs.  相似文献   

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody to avian encephalomyelitis virus in chickens   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J K Garrett  R B Davis  W L Ragland 《Avian diseases》1984,28(1):117-130

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibody to avian encephalomyelitis virus (AEV) has been developed for determining whether existing AEV control programs adequately protect breeder hens. A partially purified AEV antigen was bound to microcuvettes for reaction with specific primary antibody. A second antibody, rabbit anti-chicken immunoglobulin G (IgG) conjugated with horseradish peroxidase, was employed to react with bound primary IgG. The relative amount of bound primary IgG was detected using ortho-phenylenediamine as a substrate for enzymatic production of a chromogen by horseradish peroxidase. Intensity of absorbance of the chromogen at 490 nm was related to the bound primary antibody by the titration method. Negative antisera were surveyed to establish an appropriate positive/negative cutoff level at twice the mean absorbance of negative sera at a 1:100 dilution. The test reagents for the ELISA were optimized by reagent titrations utilizing known positive and negative antisera for discrimination. The optimized ELISA had a coefficient of variation of from 1.2 to 3.3 for within-assay titer and of 2.4 for between-assay mean titer. Even though the ELISA detected only specific IgG, it was as accurate as the virus-neutralization test for evaluating the immune status of hens to AEV. Moreover, the ELISA was more economical in the use of reagents, time, and personnel and was free from dependence on susceptible embryos. Since ELISAs can be standardized and measured with manual or automated instruments, the derived ELISA can be easily and economically used to evaluate the immune status of breeder hens in commercial poultry operations.  相似文献   

Uterine secretory alterations coincident with embryonic mortality in the gilt after exogenous estrogen administration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L K Gries  R D Geisert  M T Zavy  J E Garrett  G L Morgan 《Journal of animal science》1989,67(1):276-284

Sixteen crossbred gilts were assigned randomly to receive either an i.m. injection of sesame oil (control) or estrogen (E), 5 mg of estradiol valerate, on d 9 and 10 of pregnancy. Gilts were unilaterally hysterectomized on either d 12 and 14 or 16 and 18. Uterine horns were flushed with 20 ml of .9% sterile NaCl solution to recover conceptus tissue. Conceptuses and endometrial explants were cultured for 24 h with 100 microCi [3H] leucine in 15 ml of minimum essential media. After dialysis, culture media were submitted to 2D-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and incorporated proteins were analyzed by fluorography. Normal, intact conceptus tissue was recovered from control gilts. Estrogen-treated gilts flushed on d 12 and 14 contained intact conceptuses; however, uteri from two gilts on d 16 and three on d 18 contained degenerating conceptus tissue. Comparison of endometrial polypeptides synthesized in vitro indicated an alteration in E-treated gilts on d 12 through 18. Although similar polypeptides were present, a band of polypeptides with a Mr of approximately 30,000 and pI from 7.9 to 8.9 and a larger, acidic polypeptide (Mr = 100,000, pI 3.5 to 5.0) were faint or absent in E-treated gilts. Conceptuses elongated normally in the altered uterine environment, but failed to survive past d 14 in E-treated gilts. Although loss of specific polypeptides in E-treated gilts coincides with conceptus death, their function in conceptus development or attachment is unknown.  相似文献   

Samothrace     

Garrett JE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,250(4980):493

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Habitat functional response mitigates reduced foraging opportunity: implications for animal fitness and space use     

Garrett M. Street  John Fieberg  Arthur R. Rodgers  Michelle Carstensen  Ron Moen  Seth A. Moore  Steve K. Windels  James D. Forester 《Landscape Ecology》2016,31(9):1939-1953

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Diagnosis and ultrasonographic appearance of hepatic metastasis in six cases of canine appendicular osteosarcoma (2005–2013)          下载免费PDF全文

L Cesario  LD Garrett  AM Barger  RT O'Brien  TM Fan 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(5):160-165

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Oral Calcium Supplementation in Peripartum Dairy Cows     

Garrett R. Oetzel 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2013

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Sectional notes     

Frank E. Garrett  Cecil W. Frutchey  G. D. Ruehle  Verne C. Beverley  J. C. Campbell  H. J. Evans  Cleve H. Tandy  R. E. Goodin 《American Journal of Potato Research》1948,25(1):23-30

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PSYCHOLOGY AND THE WAR     

Garrett HE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1942,96(2499):465-466

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