Effects of fertilizer and use of magnesium and minor elements on yields and storage quality of potatoes in baldwin county,Alabama     

W. A. Johnson  John I. Wear  Frank Garrett 《American Journal of Potato Research》1956,33(4):103-112

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Monitoring and testing dairy herds for metabolic disease.   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Garrett R Oetzel 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2004,20(3):651-674

Clinical impressions of metabolic disease problems in dairy herds can be corroborated with herd-based metabolic testing. Ruminal pH should be evaluated in herds showing clinical signs associated with SARA (lame cows, thin cows, high herd removals or death loss across all stages of lactation, or milk fat depression). Testing a herd for the prevalence of SCK via blood BHB sampling in early lactation is useful in almost any dairy herd, and particularly if the herd is experiencing a high incidence of displaced abomasum or high removal rates of early lactation cows. If cows are experiencing SCK within the first 3 weeks of lactation, then consider NEFA testing of the prefresh cows to corroborate prefresh negative energy balance. Finally, monitoring cows on the day of calving for parturient hypocalcemia can provide early detection of diet-induced problems in calcium homeostasis. If hypocalcemia problems are present despite supplementing anionic salts before calving, then it may be helpful to evaluate mean urinary pH of a group of the prefresh cows. Quantitative testing strategies based on statistical analyses can be used to establish minimum sample sizes and interpretation guidelines for all of these tests.  相似文献   

A comparative study of the intestinal microbiota of healthy horses and those suffering from equine grass sickness     

Garrett LA  Brown R  Poxton IR 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,87(1):81-88

This study compares quantitatively the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract of healthy horses with that of horses with equine grass sickness (EGS). Faecal and ileal samples were cultured quantitatively on selective and non-selective media. Confirmed anaerobes were identified to species level.Overall faecal counts gave a ratio of aerobes:anaerobes of approximately 1:1. However, the mean counts in healthy horses of 4.4x10(8) aerobes:3.7x10(8) anaerobes per gram wet weight were different from counts in EGS (means were 10-100-fold higher), with statistically significant differences for the anaerobes (p=0.04). There were 10-100-fold more anaerobic cocci in EGS samples compared to healthy controls. Most of the seven species of anaerobic cocci were found in both healthy horses and EGS. Differences in clostridia isolated between health and disease were notable: fourteen species were isolated from EGS cases, compared to only one (C. bifermentans) in controls. The mean faecal clostridial counts in chronic disease were higher than in controls (10-fold) and in acute EGS (100-fold). In contrast, mean counts for ileal samples from acute cases, showed a 10-fold increase for clostridia compared to 1000-fold reduction in chronic cases (compared to faecal counts). Results indicate an increase in the bacterial numbers in the GI tract of animals with EGS compared to the controls and clostridia are prominent in EGS. Whether the increase in clostridia is the cause of GI stasis or a consequence remains uncertain.  相似文献   

Flea market finds and global exports: Four multistate outbreaks of human Salmonella infections linked to small turtles,United States—2015          下载免费PDF全文

K. Gambino‐Shirley  L. Stevenson  J. Concepción‐Acevedo  E. Trees  D. Wagner  L. Whitlock  J. Roberts  N. Garrett  S. Van Duyne  G. McAllister  B. Schick  L. Schlater  V. Peralta  R. Reporter  L. Li  H. Waechter  T. Gomez  J. Fernández Ordenes  S. Ulloa  C. Ragimbeau  J. Mossong  M. Nichols 《Zoonoses and public health》2018,65(5):560-568

Zoonotic transmission of Salmonella infections causes an estimated 11% of salmonellosis annually in the United States. This report describes the epidemiologic, traceback and laboratory investigations conducted in the United States as part of four multistate outbreaks of Salmonella infections linked to small turtles. Salmonella isolates indistinguishable from the outbreak strains were isolated from a total of 143 ill people in the United States, pet turtles, and pond water samples collected from turtle farm A, as well as ill people from Chile and Luxembourg. Almost half (45%) of infections occurred in children aged <5 years, underscoring the importance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendation to keep pet turtles and other reptiles out of homes and childcare settings with young children. Although only 43% of the ill people who reported turtle exposure provided purchase information, most small turtles were purchased from flea markets or street vendors, which made it difficult to locate the vendor, trace the turtles to a farm of origin, provide education and enforce the United States federal ban on the sale and distribution of small turtles. These outbreaks highlight the importance of improving public awareness and education about the risk of Salmonella from small turtles not only in the United States but also worldwide.  相似文献   

Regarding biocultural heritage: in situ political ecology of agricultural biodiversity in the Peruvian Andes     

T. Garrett Graddy 《Agriculture and Human Values》2013,30(4):587-604

This paper emerges from and aims to contribute to conversations on agricultural biodiversity loss, value, and renewal. Standard international responses to the crisis of agrobiodiversity erosion focus mostly on ex situ preservation of germplasm, with little financial and strategic support for in situ cultivation. Yet, one agrarian collective in the Peruvian Andes—the Parque de la Papa (Parque)—has repatriated a thousand native potatoes from the gene bank in Lima so as to catalyze in situ regeneration of lost agricultural biodiversity in the region. Drawing on participant action research and observation, this paper engages with the projects underway at the Parque—as well as “indigenous biocultural heritage” (IBCH), the original action-framework guiding the Parque’s work. IBCH grounds the ecology of successful crop diversity within the Andean cosmovisión, or worldview—which is included, but marginalized, in mainstream agrobiodiversity conservation policies. The IBCH concept counters apolitical renderings of agrobiodiversity erosion, arguing that this disregard of biocultural heritage perpetuates colonialist devaluations of efficacious “traditional ecological knowledge” and epistemologies. Accordingly, this paper discerns here an on-site, or in situ, political ecology of agricultural biodiversity conservation.  相似文献   

Evaluation of a 15‐week CHOP protocol for the treatment of canine multicentric lymphoma     

J. H. Burton  E. Garrett‐Mayer  D. H. Thamm 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2013,11(4):306-315

Dose intense CHOP protocols have been shown to improve outcome for people with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma, but evaluation of dose intense CHOP protocols for canine lymphoma is currently limited. The hypothesis of this retrospective study was that a 15‐week dose intense CHOP protocol would have shorter treatment duration with similar efficacy to other doxorubicin‐based multidrug protocols. Thirty‐one client owned dogs with multicentric lymphoma were treated with a 15‐week CHOP chemotherapy protocol with an overall response rate of 100% and a median progression‐free interval (PFI) of 140 days [95% confidence interval (CI) 91–335 days]. Dogs that had two or more treatment delays had significantly prolonged PFI and overall survival in multivariate analysis. Dose intensity did not correlate with patient outcome. Dogs experiencing multiple treatment delays secondary to adverse events may receive their individual maximally tolerated dose while dogs with no adverse events may be underdosed. Future studies should focus on individual patient dose optimization.  相似文献   

Decomposition of Pinus radiata coarse woody debris in New Zealand     

L.G. Garrett  G.R. Oliver  S.H. Pearce  M.R. Davis 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008,255(11):3839-3845

The decomposition of Pinus radiata (D. Don) stems, coarse woody roots and stumps was studied in Tarawera forest, Bay of Plenty region, North Island, New Zealand. The study examined the residues from two thinning events with 6 and 11 years of decay. Changes in the mass of stems, and density of roots and stumps were used to estimate the decay rate constants using a single exponential model. The decay rate of stems was not significantly related to DBH and averaged 0.1374 year⁻¹ (22 years for 95% mass loss). The decay rate of coarse woody roots was not significantly different to stem decay and averaged 0.1571 year⁻¹ (19 years for 95% mass loss). A large range in stump decay rates was measured and a significantly lower decay constant was observed for stumps (0.1101 year⁻¹, 27 years for 95% mass loss), possibly due to the stumps being kept alive after felling through root grafting and a resistance to decay due to the presence of resin. The concentration of C remaining in stems and stumps increased with mass loss from 52% to 55% C after 11 years of decay. The C concentration in coarse woody roots initially increased but then declined near to the original level of 50% after 11 years of decay. Nitrogen concentrations increased substantially in all components with decay.  相似文献   

Nitrogen fertilization and aspects of fruit yield in a Missouri black walnut alley cropping practice     

Dean Gray  H. E. Gene Garrett 《Agroforestry Systems》1998,44(2-3):333-344

Increasing nut production through cultural practices is important to landowners for maximizing economic gain from agroforestry plantings. This project studied the effects of applying low rates of nitrogen (N) fertilizer during either the spring or late summer, on pistillate flowers formed, fruits retained, and fruit quality (percentage kernel) in black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) grown under alley cropping management. Treatments consisted of two forms of nitrogen fertilizers (NH₄NO₃ and NaNO₃) applied in mid-April, or mid-August of 1995 and 1996, and a nonfertilized control group. Pistillate flowers counted in May, 1996, showed that fertilized trees, regardless of timing or form of N applied, produced from 2.3 to 3.4 times the number of pistillate flowers as unfertilized control trees. Through the season, the fertilized trees had greater fruit retention, and ended with 2.9 to 4.8 times more walnuts (on a whole tree basis) than nonfertilized control trees. In addition, all fertilizer treatments resulted in increased nut yields from 1995 to 1996, while unfertilized control tree yields decreased approximately 70%. Summer application of fertilizer showed the greatest benefit to kernel weight. Average kernel weights of nuts from the summer-fertilized trees increased from 1995 to 1996, while kernel weight averages from spring-fertilized and nonfertilized trees remained unchanged or decreased. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Sectional notes     

Frank E. Garrett  Cecil W. Frutchey  G. D. Ruehle  Verne C. Beverley  J. C. Campbell  H. J. Evans  Cleve H. Tandy  R. E. Goodin 《American Journal of Potato Research》1948,25(1):23-30

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Sectional notes     

Frank E. Garrett  M. A. Lindsay  John R. Robertson  W. B. Ward  Verne C. Beverly  J. J. Shaughnessy  H. J. Evans  K. W. Lauer  W. c. Barnes  Harold L. Bailey  Harold S. Schaad 《American Journal of Potato Research》1947,24(3):90-102

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