USDA: no authority to regulate pet microchips     

Nolen RS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,231(8):1184

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Seroprevalence of and agroecological risk factors for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and neospora caninum infection among adult beef cattle in cow-calf herds in Alberta, Canada     

Scott HM  Sorensen O  Wu JT  Chow EY  Manninen K 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2007,48(4):397-406

A province-wide cross-sectional seroprevalence and agroecological risk factor study of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and Neospora caninum (NC) infection among cattle in 100 cow-calf herds in Alberta was conducted. The seroprevalence of MAP in adult cattle was 1.5% across all herds. Using a widely accepted herd test cutpoint of 2 or more seropositive cows out of 30 animals tested, 7.9% of herds were estimated to be infected (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.3-23.4%). Seroprevalence of MAP differed by agroecological region; specifically, cattle and herds in areas with high soil pH (> 7.0), southern latitudes, and arid climates had a moderately reduced risk of infection (P < 0.10). Seroprevalence of NC infection was 9.7% among adult beef cattle province-wide--these levels also varied by agroecological region--with 91.0% of herds infected overall.  相似文献   

Treatment of feline hypertension with transdermal amlodipine: a pilot study     

Helms SR 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2007,43(3):149-156

This prospective study evaluated transdermal amlodipine for the control of hypertension in six cats. Cats were treated with oral amlodipine until blood pressures decreased to <180 mm Hg. They were maintained on this dose for 7 days and then administered identical doses of transdermal amlodipine for 7 days. Oral amlodipine decreased pressure by a median of 73 mm Hg, which subsequently increased by 20 mm Hg after 7 days of transdermal amlodipine. Plasma concentrations of amlodipine were measured after oral and transdermal dosing. Additional studies are needed to determine dosing, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy.  相似文献   

North American veterinary pathology residency training programs: an overview of where they are today and where they were five years ago, with an analysis of trends     

Fitzgerald SD  Reed WM  Kaneene JB 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2007,34(4):458-463

An e-mail/telephone survey of all active North American residency training programs in veterinary pathology was conducted in September 2005. The purpose of this survey was to determine current numbers of trainees, their program length and type, and salaries; to compare current numbers to five years earlier; and, finally, to gauge interest in expanding current programs. All 41 training institutions contacted responded to the survey. Briefly, the survey found that there are currently 235 veterinary pathology residents, for a mean of 5.7 residents per training program. The number of residents currently in training programs and the number of applicants for these programs has increased compared to five years earlier. There is widespread interest in further expanding capacity in these programs, and the coalition of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists and the Society of Toxicologic Pathology is a well-known source of possible funding for additional residents. This survey report further documents the numbers of combined residency/PhD programs, average starting salaries for new residents, outside sponsorship effects on pathology training programs, and some of the common concerns regarding veterinary pathology training programs voiced by the respondents. While residency training capacity has expanded in the last five years, and there is widespread desire to further expand these training programs, a shortage of veterinary pathologists for future market needs will need to be addressed by increased funding from as yet unspecified sources.  相似文献   

Genetic cause of autosomal recessive hereditary nephropathy in the English Cocker Spaniel   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Davidson AG  Bell RJ  Lees GE  Kashtan CE  Davidson GS  Murphy KE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(3):394-401

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Day-to-Day variation of the urine protein: creatinine ratio in female dogs with stable glomerular proteinuria caused by X-linked hereditary nephropathy     

Nabity MB  Boggess MM  Kashtan CE  Lees GE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(3):425-430

BACKGROUND: Interpretation of serial urine protein:creatinine (UPC) values is confounded by a lack of data regarding random biologic variation of UPC values in dogs with stable glomerular proteinuria. HYPOTHESIS: That there is minimal day-to-day variability in the UPC of dogs with unchanging proteinuria and the number of measurements needed to reliably estimate UPC varies with the magnitude of proteinuria. ANIMALS: Forty-eight heterozygous (carrier) female dogs with X-linked hereditary nephropathy (XLHN) causing stable proteinuria. METHODS: Urine samples were obtained daily by cystocentesis for 3 consecutive days on 183 occasions (549 samples). The UPC was measured for each sample with a single dry-film chemistry auto-analyzer. Data were analyzed retrospectively by a power of the mean model because the variance of UPC values within the 3-day evaluation periods increased as the magnitude of proteinuria increased. RESULTS: To demonstrate a significant difference (P < .05) between serial values in these proteinuric dogs, the UPC must change by at least 35% at high UPC values (near 12) and 80% at low UPC values (near 0.5). One measurement is adequate to reliably estimate the UPC when UPC <4, but 2-5 determinations are necessary at higher UPC values. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: These guidelines for interpretation of serial UPC values in female dogs with XLHN may also be helpful for interpretation of UPC values in dogs with other glomerulopathies.  相似文献   

Discovery of novel (N-aryl-4-methylpiperidinyl)pyrazoles: a new class of potent lepidopteran insecticides     

Thomas F. Pahutski  Omar K. Ahmad  Eric A. Marshall  Kathleen Joraski  James D. Barry  Craig Keathley  Daniel Cordova  Eric Benner  David Nesnow  Laurie Christianson  Rachel D. Slack  George P. Lahm 《Pest management science》2023,79(5):1743-1749

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Role of social structure in establishment of an invasive large mammal after translocation     

Lindsay M. Clontz  Anni Yang  Sarah M. Chinn  Kim M. Pepin  Kurt C. VerCauteren  George Wittemyer  Ryan S. Miller  James C. Beasley 《Pest management science》2023,79(10):3819-3829

Background

Data on the movement behavior of translocated wild pigs is needed to develop appropriate response strategies for containing and eliminating new source populations following translocation events. We conducted experimental trials to compare the home range establishment and space-use metrics, including the number of days and distance traveled before becoming range residents, for wild pigs translocated with their social group and individually.

Results

We found wild pigs translocated with their social group made less extensive movements away from the release location and established a stable home range ~5 days faster than those translocated individually. We also examined how habitat quality impacted the home range sizes of translocated wild pigs and found wild pigs maintained larger ranges in areas with higher proportion of low-quality habitat.

Conclusion

Collectively, our findings suggest translocations of invasive wild pigs have a greater probability of establishing a viable population near the release site when habitat quality is high and when released with members of their social unit compared to individuals moved independent of their social group or to low-quality habitat. However, all wild pigs translocated in our study made extensive movements from their release location, highlighting the potential for single translocation events of either individuals or groups to have far-reaching consequences within a much broader landscape beyond the location where they are released. These results highlight the challenges associated with containing populations in areas where illegal introduction of wild pigs occurs, and the need for rapid response once releases are identified. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

Double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial of prophylactic omeprazole in dogs treated surgically for acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion     

Jaya M. Mehra  M. Katherine Tolbert  Phillip Guadiano  Jörg M. Steiner  George E. Moore  Melissa J. Lewis 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2023,37(2):586-597

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Plasma lipopolysaccharide elevations in cattle associated with early-stage infection by Fasciola hepatica     

D Marendy  L Gabor  SD George  A Parker  E Doyle 《Australian veterinary journal》2023,101(9):334-338

Fasciolosis is an endemic zoonotic parasitic disease with significant impacts on human health and both animal health and production. Early post-infection impacts on the host remain unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the changes, if any, to levels of endotoxin in cattle plasma in response to early-stage infection with Fasciola hepatica. Thirty-six (36) commercial bred cattle were experimentally infected with approximately 400 viable metacercariae. Plasma lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) levels were examined on 24 occasions from 0 h before infection to 336 h after infection using the Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate chromogenic end point assay and compared with that of six (6) uninfected control animals. Peak lipopolysaccharide levels in infected animals were reached at 52 h after infection and returned to pre-infection levels at time 144 h after infection. Infected animals had significantly elevated lipopolysaccharide levels between 24 and 120 h after infection when compared to uninfected animals. The mean change in endotoxin units (EU)/mL over time after infection was statistically significant in infected animals. Elevations of lipopolysaccharide occurred in all infected animals suggesting a possible repeatable and titratable endotoxemia conducive to therapeutic agent model development.  相似文献