Serological evidence of Neospora caninum in alpacas from eastern Australia          下载免费PDF全文

JS King  JL Vaughan  PA Windsor 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(7):259-261

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New Insights of Turmeric Extract-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles: Development,Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity     

Gonzales  Camila Maria  Dalmolin  Luciana Facco  da Silva  Kátia Aparecida  Slade  Natália Bueno Leite  Lopez  Renata Fonseca Vianna  Moreto  Jeferson Aparecido  Schwarz  Kélin 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2021,76(4):507-515

Here, we presented new insights of the development of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles containing turmeric compounds (turmeric-PLGA-NPs) using emulsion-solvent evaporation method. The nanoparticulate system was characterized by size, zeta potential, morphology, release profile, partition parameter, stability and encapsulation efficiency (%EE). Antioxidant activity studies were also evaluated. The Korsmeyer-Peppas model (M_t/M_∞ vs. t) was used to determine the release mechanisms of the studied system. Our results demonstrated the emulsion-solvent evaporation method was shown advantageous for producing turmeric-PLGA-NPs in the range of 145 nm with high homogeneity in size distribution, zeta potential of ?21.8 mV and %EE about 72%. Nanoparticles were stable over a period of one month. In vitro study showed a release of curcumin governed by diffusion and relaxation of the polymeric matrix. The partition parameter of the extract in relation to blank-PLGA-NPs was 0.111?±?0.008 M^?1, indicating a low affinity of curcumin for the polymer matrix. Antioxidant ability of the turmeric-PLGA-NPs in scavenging the radical 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) was inferior to free turmeric extract and showed a concentration and time-dependent profile. The study concluded that PLGA nanoparticles are potential carriers for turmeric extract delivery.

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Hydrothermal Treatment of Date Palm Lignocellulose Residue for Organic Fertilizer Conversion: Effect on Cell Wall and Aerobic Degradation Rate     

B. Nakhshiniev  H.B. Gonzales  K. Yoshikawa 《Compost science & utilization》2013,21(4):245-253

Date palm (Phoenix roebelenii) woodchips, a residue of palm tree plantations, was subjected to hydrothermal treatment (HTT) at mild reaction conditions (160°C < T < 220°C, 0.6 MPa < P < 2.4 MPa) for 30 min, and the effect of treatments on the cell wall (CW) solubilization and subsequent aerobic degradation rate (as CO production) was tested under controlled composting conditions during 63 days of incubation (38°C). The HTT at 160 and 180°C reaction temperatures notably solubilized hemicellulose, decreasing the fraction of this CW polymer from 34.1% in the untreated material, to 9.5 and 4.6% in the respective residues. However, treatment at 200 and 220°C reaction temperatures rapidly liquefied the lignin, which apparently went into solution with hemicellulose and appeared to stabilize a portion of this polysaccharides against hydrolysis. Consequently, the fraction of hemicellulose in 200 and 220°C – treated residues gradually increased; the respective values were 5.8 and 9.4%. The treatment temperature of 180°C was the most effective HTT temperature for subsequent aerobic degradation by solubilizing the largest portion of hemicellulose within the CW, which had two consequences: 1) it supplied additional readily bioavailable form of carbon, which in turn promoted rapid microbial activities in the early stage of decomposition; and 2) it created pores and cavities within the CW, which permitted rapid bacterial penetration and CW degradation. As a consequence, biodegradation of the residue treated under this reaction temperature proceeded rapidly and stability was reached within 21 days, compared to 63 days of continued degradation for the untreated CW. The enhanced biodegradability was also partially linked to the effect of 180°C treatment temperature on solubilization of amorphous cellulose and partial hydrolysis of lignin. Based on the results, the HTT system can successfully be used as a pretreatment step to accelerate the aerobic digestion rate of date palm residues for the production of organic fertilizers.  相似文献   

Broad-leaf species composition in Cryptomeria japonica plantations with respect to distance from natural forest     

Regielene S. Gonzales  Tohru Nakashizuka 《Forest Ecology and Management》2010

To address the pressing need to evaluate how conifer plantations can serve biodiversity functions in addition to other economic and social roles they play, we assessed the diversity of broad-leaf seedlings and saplings in Cryptomeria japonica plantations in Ogawa, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan at increasing distances (0–1000 m) from old growth natural forest edge. For saplings, there was no overall significant trend in the frequency, species richness, and Shannon index with respect to distance. Seedlings on the other hand showed a decrease in frequency and species richness with increasing distance from the old growth forest, implying that should recruitment limitation occur in the plantations, it will be stronger at the seed-to-seedling transition than at the seedling-to-sapling transition. Assigning species into groups based on functional traits that are associated with recruitment and regeneration was more revealing. Relative frequency of species that are moderately shade-tolerant, are shrubs, have small seeds, and are frugivore-dispersed increased in the plantations. In comparison, species that are tall trees, have large seeds and are gravity-dispersed decreased in the plantations. Multi-trait analysis showed that propagule size was the trait that could best explain the difference in the distribution of broad-leaf species in the plantations. Based on our results, we suggest to policy-makers that plantation sizes be kept to within a few hundred meters wide, and should ideally be within dispersal distance of species from natural forests that could potentially be seed sources of broad-leaf species. Otherwise, steps must be taken to drive succession such that potentially recruitment-limited species may be able to overcome barriers to regeneration.  相似文献   

The Adoption of Cv. Igorota in the Philippines and Vietnam     

Dao Huy Chien  Zenaida N. Ganga  Donita K. Simongo  Cynthia G. Kiswa  Ines C. Gonzales  Jocelyn Perez  Pham Xuan Tung  Nguyen Tuyet Hau  Katrin Artola  Jari P.T. Valkonen  Canhui Li  Peter VanderZaag 《American Journal of Potato Research》2016,93(3):296-301

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Abrupt climate events 500,000 to 340,000 years ago: evidence from subpolar north atlantic sediments     

DW Oppo  JF McManus  JL Cullen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5355):1335-1338

Subpolar North Atlantic proxy records document millennial-scale climate variations 500,000 to 340,000 years ago. The cycles have an approximately constant pacing that is similar to that documented for the last glacial cycle. These findings suggest that such climate variations are inherent to the late Pleistocene, regardless of glacial state. Sea surface temperature during the warm peak of Marine Isotope Stage 11 (MIS 11) varied by 0.5 degrees to 1 degrees C, less than the 4 degrees to 4.5 degrees C estimated during times of ice growth and the 3 degrees C estimated for glacial maxima. Coherent deep ocean circulation changes were associated with glacial oscillations in sea surface temperature.  相似文献   

Magnetic Field and Plasma Observations at Mars: Initial Results of the Mars Global Surveyor Mission   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

MH Acu?a  JEP Connerney  P Wasilewski  RP Lin  KA Anderson  CW Carlson  J McFadden  DW Curtis  D Mitchell  H Reme  C Mazelle  JA Sauvaud  C d'Uston  A Cros  JL Medale  SJ Bauer  P Cloutier  M Mayhew  D Winterhalter  NF Ness 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5357):1676-1680

The magnetometer and electron reflectometer investigation (MAG/ER) on the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft has obtained magnetic field and plasma observations throughout the near-Mars environment, from beyond the influence of Mars to just above the surface (at an altitude of approximately 100 kilometers). The solar wind interaction with Mars is in many ways similar to that at Venus and at an active comet, that is, primarily an ionospheric-atmospheric interaction. No significant planetary magnetic field of global scale has been detected to date (<2 x 10(21) Gauss-cubic centimeter), but here the discovery of multiple magnetic anomalies of small spatial scale in the crust of Mars is reported.  相似文献   

The structure of the upper atmosphere of mars: In situ accelerometer measurements from mars global surveyor   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GM Keating  SW Bougher  RW Zurek  RH Tolson  GJ Cancro  SN Noll  JS Parker  TJ Schellenberg  RW Shane  BL Wilkerson  JR Murphy  JL Hollingsworth  RM Haberle  M Joshi  JC Pearl  BJ Conrath  MD Smith  RT Clancy  RC Blanchard  RG Wilmoth  DF Rault  TZ Martin  DT Lyons  PB Esposito  MD Johnston  al et 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,279(5357):1672-1676

The Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) z-axis accelerometer has obtained over 200 vertical structures of thermospheric density, temperature, and pressure, ranging from 110 to 170 kilometers, compared to only three previous such vertical structures. In November 1997, a regional dust storm in the Southern Hemisphere triggered an unexpectedly large thermospheric response at mid-northern latitudes, increasing the altitude of thermospheric pressure surfaces there by as much as 8 kilometers and indicating a strong global thermospheric response to a regional dust storm. Throughout the MGS mission, thermospheric density bulges have been detected on opposite sides of the planet near 90 degreesE and 90 degreesW, in the vicinity of maximum terrain heights. This wave 2 pattern may be caused by topographically-forced planetary waves propagating up from the lower atmosphere.  相似文献   

Effects of parasitism and of supplementing ewes with methyl methionine hydroxy analogue on the wool production of their lambs as adults     

JL WHEELER  AJ WILLIAMS  WH SOUTHCOTT 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(11):358-359

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Oral Newcastle disease vaccination with V4 virus in chickens: comparison with other routes   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

PB SPRADBROW  JL SAMUEL 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(3):114-115

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