Bacteriological studies of the problem "Epidemic losses in hares and deer in habitats with high cultivation of 00-rapeseed"     

H B?hnel  J Gonzales  A Heine  S Heitefuss  U Margan  C Schnelle  H S Seifert  U Sukop 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1990,103(5):167-172

Within the scope of the research work for possible reasons of the so-called "wildlife mortality" more than 900 specimens of 440 animals (183 hares, 153 deer, 14 rabbits found dead, and 98 hares and 6 deer shot by hunters) were checked for the presence of Clostridia in inner organs. The results show that in 40.3% of the animals found dead but only in 13.3% of the hunted hares Clostridia were to be found. Out of the isolated Clostridia strains 24.4% could not be identified; potentially pathogenic species were found in 78.3% of isolates of hares, 81.7% of those of deer and in 9.2% of those of hunted hares. 23.9% of the isolates were C. perfringens. Considering the known epizootiology of clostridioses it can be concluded that clostridia certainly play a role in losses of wildlife, as well in hares as in deer. Triggering factors could lie in the kind of feed which is available for animals in modern agrarian landscape. During the critical period in autumn and winter there are mainly crop plants like rapeseed, wheat and barley only available for wildlife.  相似文献   

Risk factors for canine echinococcosis in an endemic area of Peru     

Moro PL  Lopera L  Bonifacio N  Gonzales A  Gilman RH  Moro MH 《Veterinary parasitology》2005,130(1-2):99-104

An epidemiological study was conducted in a highland rural community in Peru to determine risk factors for canine echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Dogs were diagnosed using a coproantigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Dog owners were interviewed prior to stool collection and asked for attitudes, practices and beliefs likely to be associated with local patterns of E. granulosus transmission. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to determine odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). The main risk factors found to be significantly associated with canine echinococcosis by univariate analysis were dog age (3-25 months) (OR, 5.14; CI, 1.7-15.7), female sex (OR, 4.3; CI, 1.4-13.3) and having been fed hydatid infected offal (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.0-8.6). There was complete lack of knowledge about echinococcosis transmission. In addition to periodic dog treatment, control programs need to emphasize education of the human population to increase knowledge of parasite transmission and to change human practices associated with high rates of infection.  相似文献   

Lipoidal corneal degeneration in aged falcons          下载免费PDF全文

Bret A. Moore  Joanne R. Paul‐Murphy  Kathleen L. Adamson  Richard R. Dubielzig  Thomas Kern  Ben J. Gonzales  Peregrine Wolff  Christopher J. Murphy 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2018,21(4):332-338

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Use of trichostatin A alters the expression of HDAC3 and KAT2 and improves in vitro development of bovine embryos cloned using less methylated mesenchymal stem cells     

Carolina Gonzales da Silva  Carlos Frederico Martins  Heidi Christina Bessler  lvaro Moraes da Fonseca Neto  Tereza Cristina Cardoso  Maurício Machaim Franco  Anelise dos Santos Mendona  Ligiane de Oliveira Leme  Jos Renato Junqueira Borges  Juaci Vitoria Malaquias  Snia Nair Bo 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(2):289-299

The aim of this work was to investigate the methylation and hydroxymethylation status of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from amniotic fluid (MSC‐AF), adipose tissue (MSC‐AT) and fibroblasts (FIB‐control) and to verify the effect of trichostatin A (TSA) on gene expression and development of cloned bovine embryos produced using these cells. Characterization of MSC from two animals (BOV1 and BOV2) was performed by flow cytometry, immunophenotyping and analysis of cellular differentiation genes expression. The cells were used in the nuclear transfer in the absence or presence of 50 nM TSA for 20 hr in embryo culture. Expression of HDAC1, HDAC3 and KAT2A genes was measured in embryos by qRT‐PCR. Methylation results showed difference between animals, with MSC from BOV2 demonstrating lower methylation rate than BOV1. Meanwhile, MSC‐AF were less hydroxymethylated for both animals. MSC‐AF from BOV2 produced 44.92 ± 8.88% of blastocysts when embryos were exposed to TSA and similar to embryo rate of MSC‐AT also treated with TSA (37.96 ± 15.80%). However, when methylation was lower in FIB compared to MSC, as found in BOV1, the use of TSA was not sufficient to increase embryo production. MSC‐AF embryos expressed less HDAC3 when treated with TSA, and expression of KAT2A was higher in embryos produced with all MSC and treated with TSA than embryos produced with FIB. The use of MSC less methylated and more hydroxymethylated in combination with embryo incubation with TSA can induce lower expression of HDAC3 and higher expression of KAT2A in the embryos and consequently improve bovine embryo production.  相似文献   

What is your diagnosis? Conjunctival smear in a dog          下载免费PDF全文

Omar Gonzales‐Viera  Kerriann Casey  M. Kevin Keel 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2018,47(3):509-510

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Effect of different mini‐volume colloid centrifugation configurations on flow cytometrically sorted sperm recovery efficiency and quality using a computer‐assisted semen analyzer          下载免费PDF全文

LB Ferré  JL Chitwood  C Fresno  HH Ortega  ME Kjelland  PJ Ross 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):26-33

Straws of sex‐sorted sperm are usually packaged at a low concentration (e.g., ~2.1 × 10⁶ sperm/ml) and cost significantly more than unsorted conventional semen from the same sire. In order to maximize the efficiency of using sex‐sorted sperm under in vitro fertilization conditions, the selection of an appropriate sperm separation technique is essential. In this study, the effect of using different silane‐coated silica colloid dilutions and layering configurations during centrifugation of sex‐sorted sperm was examined over an extended period of incubation time. Sperm recovery and viability after centrifugation using the colloid separation technique were measured along with several sperm motility parameters using CASA. For this purpose, frozen and thawed sex‐sorted sperm samples were centrifuged using mini‐volume single‐layer (40%, 60% and 80%) and mini‐volume two‐layer (45%/90%, 40%/80% and 30%/60%) separation configurations using PureSperm^®. A single layer of 40% PureSperm^® recovered significantly more sex‐sorted sperm (78.07% ± 2.28%) followed by a single layer of 80% PureSperm^® (68.43% ± 2.33%). The lowest sperm recovery was obtained using a two‐layer PureSperm^® dilution of 45%/90% (47.57% ± 2.33%). Single‐layer centrifugation recovered more sorted sperm (68.67% ± 1.74%) than two layer (53.74% ± 1.74%) (p < .0001). A single layer of 80% PureSperm^® exhibited the highest sorted sperm viability (72.01% ± 2.90%) after centrifugation (p < .05). The mini‐volume single layer of 80% PureSperm^® was determined to be an effective alternative to a two‐layer centrifugation configuration for sex‐sorted sperm selection. In addition, single‐layer colloid dilution of 80% performed either as well as or significantly outperformed the other treatments, as well as the control, with regard to motility (MOT) for all time periods of analysis.  相似文献   

Assessment of retinal recognition technology as a biometric method for sheep identification   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

U. Gonzales Barron  G. Corkery  B. Barry  F. Butler  K. McDonnell  S. Ward 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2008,60(2):156-166

In order to assure effective traceability, food-producing animals must be identified by a tamper-proof and durable technique. With the advance in human biometric technologies, the deployment of retinal recognition technology for cattle identification and verification has been prompted. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of a commercially available retina biometric technology for sheep identification (i) by determining whether light conditions during retinal image capture (indoors and outdoors with shade) and different operators exerted any significant effect on the matching score of the built-in pattern matching algorithm; and (ii) by evaluating the recognition performance of the biometric system for enrolment of one retinal image per sheep and two retinal images per sheep (bimodal biometric system). Neither the light conditions nor the operators were found to have a statistically significant effect on the matching score values of the built-in algorithm; yet it was clear that the pupillary light reflex phenomenon played a major role in obtaining lower matching score values for retinal images taken outdoors. The recognition errors of the one-retina biometric system were estimated to be 0.25% for false matches and 0.82% for false non-matches. An improved bimodal biometric system, i.e., two retinas, that applies a decision criterion based on a simple OR logical operator and a sum of matching scores, has been proposed in this study in order to reduce both probabilities of false matches and false non-matches to near zero.  相似文献   

Influence of organic fertilization on the number of culturable diazotrophic endophytic bacteria isolated from sugarcane     

Ricardo Pariona-Llanos  Felipe Ibañez de Santi Ferrara  Hebert Hernán Soto Gonzales  Heloiza Ramos Barbosa 《European Journal of Soil Biology》2010,46(6):387-393

The numbers of culturable diazotrophic endophytic bacteria (CDEB) from roots, stems and leaves of sugarcane submitted to organic, inorganic or no fertilization were compared. In order to determine the size of the N₂ fixing populations, the Most Probable Number technique (MPN) was used. The quantification of diazotrophic bacteria by using the acetylene reduction assay (ARA) was more accurate than observing the bacterial growth in the vials; to confirm N₂ fixing capability, the detection of gene nifH was performed on a sample of 105 isolated bacteria. The production of extracellular enzymes involved in the penetration of the plants by the bacteria was also studied. The results showed that organic fertilization enhances the number of CDEB when compared with conventional fertilization used throughout the growing season. The maximum number of bacteria was detected in the roots. Roots and stems presented the greatest number of CDEB in the middle of the cropping season and in leaves numbers varied according to the treatment. Using two pairs of primers and two different methods, the nifH gene was found in 104 of the 105 tested isolates. Larger amounts of pectinase were released by isolates from sugarcane treated with conventional fertilizers (66%), whereas larger amounts of cellulase were released by strains isolated from sugarcane treated with organic fertilizers (80%).  相似文献   

Hyperostotic polyarthropathy in a rabbit - a suspected case of chronic hypervitaminosis A from a diet of carrots     

JL FRATER 《Australian veterinary journal》2001,79(9):608-611

Chronic hypervitaminosis A can occur in many species after excessive dietary intake of Vitamin A (retinol). The most common presentation of chronic hypervitaminosis A is a polyarthropathy with hyperostosis and ankylosis of various joints. This case report describes a probable case of naturally occurring hypervitaminosis A-induced polyarthropathy in a rabbit after chronic ingestion of a diet made up almost exclusively of carrots. Carrots do not contain retinol, but are rich in provitamin A (or beta-carotene). Rabbits are unique in that they can convert 100% of dietary beta-carotene into retinol. A syndrome of naturally occurring hypervitaminosis A-induced polyarthropathy has not been described in a rabbit before.  相似文献   

Local Effect of the Corpus Luteum on Ovarian Follicular Functional and Morphological Features in the Goat     

F González  M Batista  F Cabrera  P Calero  JL Alabart  & A Gracia 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2001,36(3-4):147-151

Ovaries of unilaterally ovulated goats (n=21) were used to study follicular morphological features (proportion and degree of atresia, oestradiol production in vitro and progesterone production of granulosa cells in culture). Follicles were dissected out and classified as small (1–2 mm), medium (2–4 mm) and large (>4 mm). Morphological and physiological features were compared in each size class between ovaries bearing and not bearing corpora lutea (CLO and NCLO, respectively). Within the same size class, there was no difference in proportion or in degree of atresia, between CLO and NCLO. A significant effect of follicular size on oestradiol production in vitro was detected, but no effect of the corpus luteum was found. Finally, progesterone production of granulosa cells in culture was significantly higher in CLO than in NCLO after 24 h (p < 0.05) and also after 90 h (p < 0.01) of culture. This higher progesterone production by CLO granulosa cells in culture could be explained by local influence of the corpus luteum stimulating the steroidogenic activity but not aromatase activity. Further studies are needed to clarify possible factors and pathways for this local effect of the corpus luteum upon follicular physiology.  相似文献