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11.
A. B. Sahana H. Nagaraja P. K. Maheshwar M. Y. Sreenivasa M. N. Nagendra Prasad C. R. Adkar-Purushothama 《Phytoparasitica》2014,42(4):519-527
Plant pathogens like ‘Ca. Liberibacter’, phytoplasma, viruses and viroids cause diseases to almost all economically important plants. A simple and fast sap-mediated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the detection of these pathogens infecting various plant hosts is described in the present study. Sap from selected plants was drawn aseptically on parafilm, from the mid-rib of young leaves. Depending on the type of host plant, sap was diluted to optimal concentration before PCR analysis. ‘Ca. Liberibacter’, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) and Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) infecting citrus, and ‘Ca. Phytoplasma’ infecting pepper and sandal trees were tested by sap-mediated PCR. The reliability of this procedure was evaluated by comparing the findings with previously described protocols. The sap-mediated nucleic acid template preparation for PCR assay is devoid of laborious nucleic acid extraction and expensive chemicals. Hence the present method is rapid, economical and so can be employed for diagnosis of large number of plant samples. 相似文献
12.
The objective of this study was to examine the follicular characteristics and intrafollicular concentrations of nitric oxide
and ascorbic acid during ovarian acyclicity in buffaloes. Ovaries were collected from 56 acyclic and 95 cyclic buffaloes at
slaughter, surface follicle number was counted and follicles were classified into small (5.0–6.9 mm), medium (7.0–9.9 mm),
and large (≥10.0 mm) size categories based on their diameter. Follicular fluid was aspirated and assayed for nitric oxide,
ascorbic acid, estradiol, and progesterone. Acyclic buffaloes had a higher (P < 0.05) number of medium-sized follicles and a lower (P < 0.001) number of large follicles than the cyclic ones. In acyclic animals, the number of large follicles was lower (P < 0.01) than in medium size category which in turn was lower (P < 0.001) than the number of small follicles. In contrast, the number of medium and large follicles was not different (P > 0.05) in the cyclic control. However, the number of small-sized follicles was higher (P < 0.001) compared to the other two categories. The incidence of large-sized follicles was lower (P < 0.05) in acyclic buffalo population compared to the cyclic control. Evaluation of estrogenic status demonstrated that all
the follicles of acyclic buffaloes are estrogen-inactive (E
2/P
4 ratio < 1). Small- and medium-sized follicles of acyclic buffaloes had higher concentrations of nitric oxide (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) and lower concentrations of ascorbic acid (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) than the corresponding size estrogen-active follicles of their cyclic counterparts. In conclusion,
this study indicates that follicular development continues during acyclicity in buffaloes. Although follicles in some acyclic
buffaloes attain a size corresponding to morphological dominance, they are unable to achieve functional dominance, perhaps
due to an altered balance of intrafollicular nitric oxide and ascorbic acid and, as a result, these follicles instead of progressing
to ovulation undergo atresia. 相似文献
13.
Goutam Kumar Kundu Md. Monirul Islam Md. Foijul Hasan Samapti Saha Gouri Mondal Bijoya Paul Md. Ghulam Mustafa 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2020,29(2):364-376
Understanding biodiversity and community composition is a prerequisite to sustainable exploitation and conservation of fisheries. We assessed the spatial and seasonal patterns of fish community composition and biodiversity in seasonal no-take riverine sanctuaries in Bangladesh, which aim to conserve the anadromous hilsa shad (Tenualosa spp. and Hilsa keele). Fish samples were collected during monsoon, as well as pre- and postmonsoon, from five sites within two sanctuaries and one site in an open fishing area. Although total abundance was similar along the rivers, species richness was significantly higher at the open fishing site due to its connectivity to nearby habitats. The diversity apparently decreased in a downstream direction. Fish communities at two upstream sites were separated from other sites in multivariate space largely due to higher abundance of hilsa at downstream sites and presence of floodplain-oriented species at the two upstream sites. Short body length and high trophic level at all sites indicated that fish communities were overexploited. Our results also indicated that riverine hilsa sanctuaries in Bangladesh are rich in fish species diversity and support several threatened species designated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Our study also suggested that since hilsa abundance shapes community patterns, it can therefore impact riverine ecosystem functioning in the sanctuary areas. The findings of this study can serve as an important baseline for future biodiversity assessment, conservation and impact assessment of conservation in rivers, and therefore help to establish multispecies ecosystem-based management of riverine fisheries around the world. 相似文献
14.
Quanshun Mei Chuanke Fu Goutam Sahana Yilong Chen Lilin Yin Yuanxin Miao Shuhong Zhao Tao Xiang 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(7)
Semen traits are crucial in commercial pig production since semen from boars is widely used in artificial insemination for both purebred and crossbred pig production. Revealing the genetic architecture of semen traits potentially promotes the efficiencies of improving semen traits through artificial selection. This study is aimed to identify candidate genes related to the semen traits in Duroc boars. First, we identified the genes that were significantly associated with three semen traits, including sperm motility (MO), sperm concentration (CON), and semen volume (VOL) in a Duroc boar population through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Second, we performed a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A total of 2, 3, and 20 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were found to be significantly associated with MO, CON, and VOL, respectively. Based on the haplotype block analysis, we identified one genetic region associated with MO, which explained 6.15% of the genetic trait variance. ENSSSCG00000018823 located within this region was considered as the candidate gene for regulating MO. Another genetic region explaining 1.95% of CON genetic variance was identified, and, in this region, B9D2, PAFAH1B3, TMEM145, and CIC were detected as the CON-related candidate genes. Two genetic regions that accounted for 2.23% and 2.48% of VOL genetic variance were identified, and, in these two regions, WWC2, CDKN2AIP, ING2, TRAPPC11, STOX2, and PELO were identified as VOL-related candidate genes. WGCNA analysis showed that, among these candidate genes, B9D2, TMEM145, WWC2, CDKN2AIP, TRAPPC11, and PELO were located within the most significant module eigengenes, confirming these candidate genes’ role in regulating semen traits in Duroc boars. The identification of these candidate genes can help to better understand the genetic architecture of semen traits in boars. Our findings can be applied for semen traits improvement in Duroc boars. 相似文献
15.
Megha Pande Goutam Kumar Das Firdous Ahmad Khan Mihir Sarkar Mohan Chandra Pathak Jai Kishan Prasad Harendra Kumar 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(3):805-810
A vast majority of the world buffalo resource is concentrated in tropical and subtropical countries. Apart from heat stress and poor nutritional availability, endometritis is one of the most commonly encountered reproductive problems limiting fertility and consequently productive potential of the species. As demonstrated recently, endometritis impairs growth and follicular fluid composition of the largest follicle in buffalo. In the present study, the effect of endometritis on luteal development, function, nitric oxide (NO), and ascorbic acid was investigated. Reproductive tracts were collected from 90 cyclic buffaloes at an abattoir and grouped into endometritic (n?=?36) or non-endometritic (n?=?54) buffaloes based on physical examination of uterine mucus, white side test, and uterine cytology. Samples with pus-containing mucus, positive reaction on white side test, and/or >5 % neutrophils were considered to be positive for endometritis. Corpora lutea were enucleated, weighed, classified into stages I to IV, and assayed for progesterone (P4), NO, and ascorbic acid concentrations. Endometritic buffaloes had lesser (P?<?0.0001) luteal weight and P4, NO, and ascorbic acid concentrations than non-endometritic buffaloes. The findings indicated that endometritis impairs corpus luteum development and function in buffalo. Reduced luteal NO and ascorbic acid concentrations during endometritis are novel findings. 相似文献
16.
Tanami Roy Goutam Banerjee Suhas Kumar Dan Pinki Ghosh Arun Kumar Ray 《Aquaculture International》2014,22(2):633-652
Eight isonitrogenous (approximately 35 % crude protein) and isocaloric (17.58 kJ g?1) diets incorporating raw and fermented sesame oilseed meal replacing other feed ingredients including fishmeal at 10, 20, 30 and 40 % levels by weight into a fishmeal-based reference diet (RD) were fed to rohu, Labeo rohita, fingerlings (mean initial weight 3.19 ± 0.09 g) for 80 days. Two phytase-producing bacterial strains (LF1 and LH1 of Bacillus licheniformis) isolated from the foregut and hindgut regions of adult L. rohita were used for fermentation of oilseed meal for 15 days at 37 ± 2 °C. Fermentation of sesame seed meal was effective in significantly reducing the crude fibre content and anti-nutritional factors such as tannins and phytic acid and enhancing available free amino acids, free fatty acids and mineral concentration. In terms of growth, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio, 30 % fermented oilseed meal incorporated diet resulted in a significantly (P < 0.05) better performance of rohu fingerlings. In general, growth and feed utilization efficiencies of diets containing fermented oilseed meal were superior to diets containing raw meal. The apparent digestibility of protein, lipid, ash and minerals (phosphorus, calcium, manganese, copper and iron) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in fish fed diet containing 30 % fermented oilseed meal in comparison with those fed RD. The maximum deposition of protein in the carcass was recorded in fish fed the diet containing 30 % fermented seed meal. 相似文献
17.
Nandita Chowdhury Soroj Kumar Chatterjee Subrata Laskar Goutam Chandra 《Journal of pest science》2009,82(1):13-18
Chloroform-methanol extract of mature leaves from Solanum villosum Mill (Solanaceae: Solanales) was investigated to establish its biocontrol potentiality under laboratory condition against
larval forms of Anopheles subpictus Grassi (Diptera: Culicidae), the vector of human malaria. All the graded concentrations (30, 50, 100 and 200 ppm) showed
significant (P < 0.05) larval mortality and results of regression equations revealed that the mortality rates were positively correlated
with the concentrations of the extract (R
2 close to 1). LC50 values for all instars were between 24.20 and 33.73 ppm after 24 h and between 23.47 and 30.63 ppm after 48 h of exposure
period. Significant changes in the larval mortality (F < 0.05) was also recorded between instars during single “ANOVA” analysis. This extract also demonstrated no toxicity to larvae
of Chironomus circumdatus Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) which were found to be present as most common non-target dipteran insect in the habitats
of A. subpictus. Qualitative and chromatographic analysis of the solvent extract revealed the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, terpenoids,
volatile oil, steroids, phenols and flavonoids as major bioactive phytochemicals. 相似文献
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19.
Gupta Shiva Mohini Madhu Malla Bilal A. Mondal Goutam Pandita Sujata 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(4):859-866
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Murrah buffalo heifers (live weight 135?±?17 kg) were fed a total mixed ration without supplementation (CON), or supplemented with... 相似文献
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